A big country of aerospace with black technology

The first three decades of the 21st century are a period of rapid development of communication technology.

From the speed of data transmission, it can be seen that in the past thirty years, there has been a wave of development in communication technology.

When just entering the 21st century, the second-generation mobile communication standard adopted, the user experience rate of data transmission is 10kbps, and even the theoretical peak rate is only 100kbps.

In the 1930s, when 6G communication was officially launched, its minimum usage rate has reached 500Gbps, which is five million times the highest rate 30 years ago!

Such data transmission speed is still relatively sci-fi for people who have just begun to formulate standards.

"The biggest difference between the third-generation mobile communication technology and the second-generation is that it can handle images, music and other media forms."

In the venue, a very young technician stood on the podium and talked freely.

"This is Zhou Chen from the Institute of Communications. It is said that he has done a lot of work in the development of communication spectrum."

Yang Yi, who was sitting next to Zhang Xingyang, told him in a low voice the identity of the high-spirited young man on stage.

This meeting is the formulation meeting of the third generation communication standard.

Although it seems that this meeting has nothing to do with Zhang Xingyang who has been in charge of rockets, missiles and other work.

But Zhang Xingyang was deeply involved in the process of formulating technical standards.

The main reason is that the formulation of communication technology standards is directly related to the research and development of their next-generation communication satellites.

Therefore, even though he currently has many other important tasks, he still gives priority to participating in the communication technology standard setting meeting.

In Zhang Xingyang's mind, he still hopes to make some precise adjustments to the technical standards of the third-generation communication technology to adapt to their current situation.

"And after our research, we believe that the domestic three-generation communication technology standard does not need to go through the intermediate link of the 2.5-generation, and can directly transition to 3G."

Zhou Chen's speech on the stage, in the eyes of many people in the audience, can be regarded as violent talk.

After all, in developed countries where there are many mature solutions for 3G standards, they basically believe that it is necessary to use an intermediate technology for the transition from 2G to 3G.

For example, many manufacturers in the West, such as Ericsson, Alcatel, Nokia, Lucent, Nortel, and even NTT, Fujitsu, Sharp and other manufacturers in neighboring countries, have been proposing the GSM (2G)-GPRS-EDGE-WCDMA (3G) Technology Advancement Program.

Even Qualcomm, which uses short-frequency technology, uses different technical routes, but also believes that it is necessary to adopt 2.5G transition in communication technology.

That's why after Zhou Chen finished speaking, there was almost a lot of discussion in the audience.

Many people have even labeled Zhou Chen as ignorant in their hearts.

"Our research is not groundless, we have done sufficient technical exploration."

"The reason why the world adopts 2.5G transition at present is mainly because the transmission speed required by the 3G standard cannot be reached for a while."

Faced with the disbelief of the crowd, Zhou Chen was not angry. He also knew what he just said was exaggerated in the eyes of those who didn't know.

But he has enough confidence in the technology that their technical team spent more than a year researching.

"We use a method of time division multiplexing synchronous code division multiple access to increase the speed of communication transmission to a higher level."

The name of this technology seems to be complicated, but in fact it is not very difficult in terms of technical implementation, mainly because of the problem of thinking.

As we all know, in communication systems, data is transmitted in both directions.

It is like a two-way road, uploading and downloading can be performed on both sides of the central line.

However, unlike roads with fixed road widths, the time-division multiplexing synchronous code division multiple access technology adopted is equivalent to being able to freely define the road centerline.

In this way, for the broadband of two-way data transmission, the required uplink and downlink can be automatically allocated according to the user's communication situation.

"Compared with the existing FDD mode, the TDD technology we developed has great technical advantages in complex spectrum allocation situations. With the support of adaptive resource allocation and high-efficiency spectrum, it can support rates ranging from 100kb/s to 3Mb/s voice, video calls, Internet and other 3G services."

The concept proposed by Zhou Chen and the others is not complicated, so even many people in the audience who do not have a deep understanding of the details of communication technology can understand it.

"Director Jiang, it's a good idea for you to come up with this idea."

After Zhang Xingyang finished listening, he smiled and said to Jiang Hanshu who was sitting on the other side of him.

This development route of the Institute of Communications is indeed a whimsical idea.

When everyone else is thinking about widening the road, they automatically change the link to maximize the original road utilization.

"These are nothing. We just made some technical changes. The key lies in the support of low-orbit communication satellites."

Although facing Zhang Xingyang's praise, the corners of Jiang Hanshu's mouth rose wildly, but he was still very humble when he spoke.

Of course, what he said is not wrong. Without the communication support of those thousands of satellites, it would be impossible for them to make such a technical route.

It has to be said that the conditions of the Communication Research Institute are not available to other companies or research institutes in the world that conduct research on communication technology.

Because in this world, no country has such a number of communication satellites in space.

If the communication conditions of the entire country are compared to doing things like a road.

Then when other countries are still trying to expand to four-lane lanes on two-way lanes.

The country is inherently a 32-lane super avenue!

This is why Jiang Hanshu and the others did not rush to do research on communication bandwidth expansion development.

The conditions they have now are enough for them to delve into the next generation of communication technology standards on this technical route, that is, when 4G communication is mature.

"The next-generation satellite communication terminal, how about the recent research?"

It has been more than half a year since Zhang Xingyang went to the Communication Research Institute last time.

After learning about the development of the third-generation communication technology by the Institute of Communications, Zhang Xingyang became more interested in satellite communication terminals.

After all, these technologies of theirs are all to be reflected in the satellite communication terminal.

"The development is going smoothly so far."

Jiang Hanshu did not give any bad news:

"We're currently working on the development of handover technology."

The application scenarios of this technology are mainly for busy mobile phone business or vehicle users.

Because both of these need to switch between different communication stations.

"The satellite communication terminal will roughly locate the user's azimuth and distance through the smart antenna."

"Satellites can use the user's azimuth and distance information to determine whether the user has moved to another satellite coverage."

"Then judge whether it is necessary to switch."

"If it is judged that a handover is necessary, then the information will be transmitted to another satellite and ready for the handover."

"The transfer will be synchronized with the designated base station prior to the handoff and reported to the network, and the handoff will be done by an automated console."

Jiang Hanshu briefly explained their technical research on relay switching.

In fact, it can also be seen from this technology that it is mainly to solve the problems encountered by the current communication system.

Yes, the current low-orbit satellite communication system also has many problems.

Among them, the more serious one is the problem of communication saturation in megacities.

Take Donghai City, which has a permanent population of tens of millions, as an example, and there are millions of mobile users.

Although dozens of communication satellites are deployed above the city, it is becoming increasingly difficult to cope with its growing number of users.

Especially in the daytime when communications are more frequent, there are often insufficient frequency bands.

This has caused the user to have a poor experience when using it, that is, it takes tens of seconds to wait for an available communication frequency band to be used for him to make a call.

Although in the eyes of most people such a short time is not a big deal, in the eyes of technicians like Zhang Xingyang and Jiang Hanshu, such a long wait is almost unbearable.

In fact, from the perspective of the entire eastern region, the communication frequency band is completely sufficient for tens of millions of users.

Because in other cities, such communication saturation time is very short, and the user peak time period between each city is not exactly the same.

Therefore, if users can switch between communication satellites, the number of simultaneous access users can be greatly increased.

When a user dials out a call, they are actually connected to the nearest communication satellite first, but because of population density, there are always a few satellites whose frequency bands are full almost all the time.

This is also an important reason why users in these areas will wait for a long time to make a call.

But now, the technology developed by Jiang Hanshu and the others will greatly alleviate this situation.

After the current satellite frequency band is saturated, users will be automatically transferred to other adjacent idle satellites.

Unlike ground base stations, which are limited by the curvature of the earth itself, making long-distance efficient transmission more difficult, satellite transmission itself is carried out in space, which can complete signal switching more quickly and smoothly.

Not only is there a problem of signal switching in prosperous areas, but also some vehicle-mounted satellite communications have the same problem.

When the vehicle drives out of the communication range of a satellite, sometimes the next satellite has not yet completed the communication due to the faster moving speed.

Under such circumstances, there will be a short signal loss period.

In fact, this time is very short, only a few seconds at most.

For almost everyone at this time, they didn't pay much attention to this problem.

However, Jiang Hanshu and the others still made targeted improvements to this situation.

"Before the user is about to leave the range of this satellite, according to the positioning information of the smart antenna, the satellite will automatically calculate the next satellite closest to the user, and complete the signal transfer between the two to ensure that the user's communication will not There was a call drop."

Jiang Hanshu explained the technical solution to Zhang Xingyang in detail.

"How is the trial production of the new satellite personal terminal going?"

After learning about the technical situation, Zhang Xingyang touched his stubbled chin and asked about production issues.

After confirming that the Institute of Communications would not participate in the production of mobile phones, Zhang Xingyang positioned them as parts suppliers.

And in the city where the communications institute is located, a large-scale production park has also been established.

However, compared to the industrial parks that Zhang Xingyang had come into contact with before, this park is not very big, and the annual production value is not very high.

Especially compared to the carbon fiber material production base with an annual output value of hundreds of billions, this satellite terminal industrial park is still very small.

According to Zhang Xingyang's estimate, the annual net profit may be less than 100 million.

But this does not prevent Zhang Xingyang from attaching great importance to this satellite terminal industrial park.

Because in the future, after the Internet tide kicks off, the annual demand for personal satellite terminals will be in units of 100 million.

So even now the satellite terminal industrial park is still very small, like a seedling that has just germinated.

But it doesn't prevent Zhang Xingyang from seeing how he will grow into a towering tree in the future.

"There are still some problems with the new generation of satellite terminals that have not been resolved, and it is expected that production will not begin until the end of the year."

Jiang Hanshu said to Zhang Xingyang with some embarrassment.

"However, the production situation of the previous generation of satellite terminals is still very stable."

Zhang Xingyang frowned after listening.

Although the satellite terminal has been gradually popularized, it has become the standard configuration of mobile phones.

However, the communication research institute is not able to monopolize it now, and many domestic and foreign manufacturers have also started the development of their own satellite personal terminals.

Maybe their current progress is not very good, so they didn't attract Jiang Hanshu's attention.

But Zhang Xingyang knows that the speed of replacement in this area is very fast, if Jiang Hanshu and the others cannot keep up with the tide of the times.

So even if they start the R\u0026D and manufacturing of satellite personal terminals, what awaits them is the ruthless abandonment of this era.

"The speed of research and development must be fast, and it must be completed before other manufacturers have developed it."

Zhang Xingyang did not say what would happen if the R\u0026D speed fell behind other manufacturers, but what he meant was obvious.

R\u0026D backwardness means that the market that should have been seized by them will be snatched by others.

Seeing that Zhang Xingyang had turned his attention to Zhou Chen who was having a heated debate with others on the stage, Jiang Hanshu felt waves of fear.

Although Zhang Xingyang didn't say it explicitly, Jiang Hanshu already felt a lot from it.

If the market capture fails, their initial investment will be in vain.

You must know that for the production of satellite terminals, most of the funds of the research institute are used. Once they fail, they need to face extremely bad situations.

It can be said that at that time, except for the project of satellite communication equipment, all other projects will be severely impacted!

Zhou Chen on the stage finished their introduction on 3G technical standards, bowed politely to the audience, and won applause from the audience.

The 3G era, along with the determination of technical standards, officially kicked off the curtain! (end of this chapter)