Blooming America

When Sean got up the next day, it was nine o'clock. (Net m full text novel update fastest)

The bed was very comfortable, but unfortunately, at night, he did not sleep well.

Originally, as the executive officer of SEELE, I really shouldn't be so calm.

However, because what happened yesterday was too weird, even the well-trained Sean felt a little uncomfortable.

But when the rain passed the sky the next day, when the sun was shining on the castle, Xiao En strangely discovered that the castle was actually...very sunny?

This unscientific!

Shaun was a little puzzled, then opened the door and walked out. Oncoming him was a maid with a nice face.

"Mr. Conte, are you awake? I'll go and inform the lady now!"

The other party said, then smiled at Sean slightly, Chapter 1371 Harold's research and then left.

"This……?"

It feels totally different from yesterday.

Full of sunshine.

just perfect.

Soon, the maid came again: "By the way, the lady just woke up, she invites you to have breakfast."

Of course Sean couldn't refuse.

"Sorry, I'm a little hungry."

When Xiao En came to the restaurant, he noticed that the speaker named "Zhu Yue" had already started eating.

—— Catherine will never tell Sean that at two o'clock in the middle of the night, the customized body and personnel have all arrived in this castle. The current "sister speaker" is not the core body we saw before, but a sdsee.

"The environment here is really good."

Sean complimented and sat down.

In fact. What Sean wants to say is-it's unscientific... you need to use your ability to speak. Although I admire you very much, if you can't prove your ability. SEELE can only express regret for this. "

"What if... I can't prove it?"

Sean asked strangely.

"Then you are not an executive officer. And since you are no longer an executive officer, then. You are no longer a member of SEELE in Chapter 1371 Harold's research." Catherine took a bite of steak and added: "And SEELE, we have never revealed a secret..."

In other words... Is there a dead end?

Sean was silent.

"This is your first task, it's a small test, try it, you can do it. (.

Catherine motioned to the maid to give a document to the other party.

"Organization, persuasion, assassination, provocation, etc., Mr. Sean, what you need to do in the future. A lot... Harold Morowitz yawned and then put down his paper.

As a professor of biology at George Mason University, Harold has very senior research in genetic research.

But also because of this, not everyone can recognize the success of Harold's research.

Not long ago, Harold proposed a rather bold plan for molecular biology-studying one of the smallest single-celled organisms on the planet, a mycoplasma bacterium.

He listed several key points of this action plan. The first step is to decode the complete genetic sequence of this bacterium. This will in turn reveal the amino acid sequence of all the proteins in the cell.

To this end, Harold also sent an invitation to the Hive Lab, and at the same time wrote to the Tower of Babel project-because reading the entire genome at this time is not as common as the 21st century.

Although considered bold, Harold argued that as long as the genome is small enough. Analysis is possible. He calculated that the amount of information in mycoplasma DNA is approximately 160,000 bytes.

Then, based on his own promotion, he explained his concept-so much DNA will encode about 600 kinds of proteins.

It can be seen that the logic of life can be written in less than 600 steps. A thorough understanding of the operating mechanism of a prokaryotic cell is a visible concept, and it is within the scope of achievable.

It seems a bit daunting to write down the "logic of life" and "to fully understand" a living cell within 600 steps, but Harold proposed based on the recent hot supercomputer-it can simulate the entire life of Mycoplasma bacteria cycle. The entire model contains all the main life processes: DNA transcription into RNA, RNA translation into protein, nutrient metabolism to produce energy and structural components, genome replication, and finally reproduction through cell division.

He almost paid out of his pocket and bought enough computing power from the North American Computer Center to help him complete this simulation analysis.

After finishing the analysis early, Harold was very excited.

Mycoplasma is the smallest life form in the world. For this type of experiment, mycoplasma are used because they are the smallest and arguably the simplest cells with the ability to reproduce themselves. (The size of the virus is smaller, but it can only reproduce by hijacking the biochemical mechanism of the host cell.)

From now on, since it is possible to simulate the information of a mycoplasma, why not be able to simulate humans?

The research of virtual humans in the 21st century is not strange-just the virtual human data stored on supercomputers in various countries is terabytes.

What is TB? A Chinese character is two bytes, 1KB is 500 Chinese characters, 1MB is 500,000 characters, 1GB is 500 million characters, and 1TB is 500 billion!

Although this is a very important research in later generations, in the present, there are very few researchers on virtual humans. Of course, Harold who proposed this concept has not been recognized.

But Harold did not give up.

He proposed a bolder plan-through this model, they can even complete the "customization" of a human individual.

Through their own research, Harold believes that they are fully able to judge a person's appearance after growing up based on his genes.

It is also through this person's genes that they can simulate everything from the computer.

John von Neumann once said, "Give me 4 parameters. I can draw an elephant, give me 5, and I can make it **** its nose."

In Harold's view, the same is true of their experiment.

of course. Harold also faced various problems.

For example, 20 years ago, Harold published a report in which he explained that in a cytoplasmic composition table, mycoplasma contained only a small amount of cysteine. The analysis of the genome showed that the content of cysteine ​​required by the mycoplasma protein was much higher. To successfully simulate cells, these inconsistencies must be reconciled.

But Harold firmly believes that these problems can be solved.

Thinking of this, Harold looked at his report again.

This is a paper to be published in Cell.

This paper presents simulation results that are physiologically defensible.

The duration of the cell cycle, the growth rate of biomass and the concentration of various metabolites, all the results are quite close to the real measured values.

A series of "gene knockout" experiments (removing a single gene from the chromosome and then looking at the results of the operation, if the model cannot run after losing a gene, it means that the gene is necessary), which further supports the authenticity of the model.

In the case that the simulation results are consistent with the ** experimental data. Harold found that 79% of genes are essential.

In the cell cycle of Mycoplasma, the early stage of genome replication is the initiation stage by the combination of transcriptase and promoter, and then the genome replication.

These early phases and later phases can take long or short periods of time, but their sum, that is, the time of the entire cell cycle, has relatively little change. After carefully examining the internal details of the simulation model, Harold discovered the cause of this strange phenomenon.

The synthesis of new chromosomes requires nucleotides, and the manufacture of nucleotides runs through the entire cell cycle. If the early stage of genome replication is short. Then the rate of late replication will be slowed down due to the lack of nucleotides; and if it takes longer in the early stage, there will be sufficient nucleotides to support full-speed replication in the later stage.

The idea of ​​creating artificial life forms, whether in software or in synthetic cytoplasm, has always been controversial. The earliest representative was that ugly Frankenstein.

of course. In the context of science, Frankenstein is not scientific at all.

But people still resist that life can be thoroughly understood by disassembling organisms and cataloging their components.

At a time when molecular biology was just starting and eager to advance, DNA was regarded as the "blueprint of life" and a full set of guidelines for building living cells. The core process of life is seen as the manipulation of symbols-how to pair G and C, A and T, and then map the 4-letter nucleotides into 20 categories of amino acids. As long as we can understand this blueprint and decipher the genetic information, human beings can understand all the principles of the operation of life.

The idea of ​​simulating a living cell with a computer program happens to be in the crossfire of a controversy. One side is simplification theory, and the other side is a more comprehensive biological vision.

Harold is also quite interested in his experiment, because in a sense, it is a complete rejection of "God made man." Even completely rejected the existence of the so-called soul.

Unfortunately, because of the need for supercomputer support, this is a costly investment.

What's more, as far as Harold is concerned, this is just the first step in his plan.

And Harold's second step-it overlaps with the second step of the Tower of Babel project.

Of course ~www.wuxiaspot.com~ In Harold's opinion, there is a difference.

Harold called it... the "complementary plan."

Since it is possible to know which gene is necessary in the human body, which gene is redundant, which gene will cause hereditary diseases, which gene will bring vitality to humans... Since we know these times, why can humans not be able to use this To optimize and improve the gene?

It's just like what Harold is doing with mycoplasma. He will re-cultivate the mycoplasma with no essential elements removed, and then modify the mycoplasma's DNA to observe a series of life activities and life forms of the mycoplasma.

I have to say that this is really an interesting thing.

"Boom boom boom."

Thinking like this, Harold realized that his door was knocked...

...

Today, I’m working on the opening report of the graduation project...RQ! ! !