Daming: Is There Imperial Examination Fraud At The Beginning? I Cry As A Candidate During The Test

Chapter 79: "Rites" are more important than life? Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism poisoned literati!

The emperor's grandchildren were so shocked by Ye Xuan's words that their mouths opened wide. Their minds were like thunder striking down from the sky, making them burnt on the outside and tender on the inside.

Does Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism have so many harms?

Are you kidding me?

If this is the case, Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism is not much less harmful than the Eight-part Writing System for recruiting scholars.

Zhu Yuanzhang frowned tightly.

There was doubt in his eyes.

Although he did not like Confucianism, he had to admit the merits of Confucianism. However, Ye Xuan said that the current school of Confucianism, namely Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, was so harmful.

Is it too exaggerated?

"Do you know that Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism has great shortcomings?"

Ye Xuan said.

The little puddings of Emperor Sun were puzzled.

shortcoming?

First, the harm.

And what about the disadvantages?

Is it possible that in the eyes of teachers, Zhu Xueji is so unworthy?

They have begun to wonder whether they and their teacher are learning the same Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.

It's like the same person plays a game. One person plays according to the rules and is stipulated by various game rules, while the other person plays the same game with different effects. It is obviously the same game with different effects.

The reason lies in their understanding of the game.

Same reason.

For Ye Xuan to have such a thorough understanding of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, far surpassing them, he must have a very good understanding of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.

The little puddings asked for answers humbly.

"Teacher, what are the shortcomings of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism?"

After what Ye Xuan just said about the harm of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, the little puddings have already believed most of it.

However, the ideas based on Confucianism are still there over the years, so they still have some doubts in their hearts.

Ye Xuan explained.

"Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism has many shortcomings.

"There are many wrong views on following the old tradition, valuing profit over righteousness, favoring sons over women, favoring etiquette over laws, and respecting hierarchy."

"And the core of it lies in etiquette."

Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism followed the old system, even if it was bad, they still followed it. Without the correct three views, they blindly followed it, which was simply wrong.

Moreover, Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism seriously favored sons over girls, and severely suppressed and imprisoned women. They even believed that women should be loyal and unyielding. After the death of their husbands, they should not remarry even if they starve to death, etc. This is why Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism suppressed human nature, and Yu women .

Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism valued etiquette.

They believe that "etiquette" is more important than human life, and rigidly abide by etiquette and rules, like rigid robots, with rigid thoughts. No, it should even be said that they have no thoughts at all. Their thoughts are the thoughts and ideas of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. idea.

Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism completely abandoned Confucius' Confucian thought with "benevolence" as its core.

"Benevolence", the so-called benevolent person, also loves others.

What Confucius and others admired was to judge others by oneself and care for the world, but Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism completely abandoned these. What they admired was Mencius' "ritual" and they had no "benevolence" at all.

Like Zhu Xi and Er Cheng.

They always restrain others from the perspective of "propriety".

There is a very famous allusion in it.

In the Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi's friend passed away. Zhu Xi asked his friend's wife not to remarry and to be loyal to his friend. He even wrote a letter directly to his friend's wife, saying that starving to death was a small matter but losing integrity was a big deal.

Even if you starve to death, you must maintain etiquette.

Guard the chastity arch.

What was popular in the Song Dynasty was that after the death of the husband, a woman remarried and did not observe the moral integrity. The Song Dynasty was very open and did not restrict women like later generations. For example, the later generations restricted women to observe the moral integrity and so on. This was still due to the influence of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.

Zhu Xi knew it.

Writing this letter himself would definitely not persuade his friend's wife, so he immediately wrote a letter to his friend's wife's father, saying that it was a matter of etiquette and he would not allow his daughter to remarry, so he wanted to use the friend's wife's father to suppress his friend's wife. .

This is really ridiculous.

Zhu Xi strictly observed the so-called etiquette.

However, there is no trace of Confucius’ thought of “benevolence”.

They all say that you should treat others the same way as you do yourself.

A benevolent person loves others.

Did he consider his friend's wife when he did this?

I would rather starve to death than lose my integrity.

This concept is really undesirable.

In the end, the friend's wife remarried.

After all, women in the Song Dynasty did not have the custom of observing moral integrity at that time.

People who study Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism are insensitive, have no empathy, and have no sympathy for the pain and frustrations of others. Even if they have a trace of empathy, then they have "ah".

But these people didn't.

There is another allusion.

This allusion also says that Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism has no "benevolence", no empathy, and no sympathy for people's suffering and setbacks.

Hai Rui in the Ming Dynasty was said to be an upright official.

Many people praise him.

However, few people know that he forced his five-year-old daughter to death for the sake of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism's "propriety".

………………Please give me flowers.0

One day, his daughter got a cake from the valet to fill her stomach because she was hungry.

When Hai Rui found out, he was furious and cursed:

"How can a woman accept cakes from a male servant casually?"

He thought it was rude.

Then he said, "If it were my daughter, she should be able to starve to death for the gift."

As expected, Hai Rui's daughter cried and refused to eat, and died of starvation after seven days.

However, Hai Rui's daughter was only five years old. How could a five-year-old child really starve to death just to observe some "etiquette"?

It was Hai Rui, that bastard, who locked his five-year-old daughter in a room without giving her anything to eat or drink, letting her cry and not giving her food, "starving her to death alive."

It's simply unconscionable.

For the sake of "property", Hai Rui starved her five-year-old daughter to death. What does a five-year-old child know? She just received a cake from the male servant and was subjected to such cruel treatment.

It's ironic.

People at the time also praised Hai Rui for forcing his daughter to death.

Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism also criticized Xunzi and praised Mencius as the Lesser Sage.

And Mencius’ thought is “ritual”.

Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism distorted Mencius' "ritual" to the extreme, without any trace of Confucius's "benevolence".

In addition, they criticized Xunzi because Xunzi's thoughts were to get closer to the king.

Confucians who were not appreciated by the king would scold Xunzi.

Confucianists who were appreciated by kings often practiced Xunzi's teachings.

When being appreciated by the king, Confucianism is like a dog, wagging its tail.

When they were alienated by the king, they behaved upright and awe-inspiring.

Therefore, Confucianism seems to be as free and easy as Taoism, but it is hypocritical and inferior to Legalism.

Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism valued etiquette over law, and emphasized tolerance and humility. However, it was this kind of thinking that harmed the literati of the Ming Dynasty.

When the Song Dynasty fell, tens of thousands of people died for the country.

And what about the Ming Dynasty?

In the Ming Dynasty, most people studied Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.

When the Ming Dynasty fell, no one stood up, and no one was even buried. They directly handed over the conquered country to the Qing Dynasty. This is the most ironic.

When Confucianism in later generations evolved into Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, Confucian thought had been misinterpreted to such an extent that if Confucius knew about it, he would definitely curse Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. .