Genius of the Rules-Style System

Einstein's gravity field equation is a description of gravity and gravitational field.

In Newton's theory of universal gravitation, mass is the source of gravity, that is, the presence of mass can produce neutrality. Einstein's theory of relativity further points out that both momentum and energy can be the source of gravity, and interprets the 'gravity field' as 'Space-time distortion'.

Using Einstein's gravity field equation and knowing the distribution of matter and energy in space and time, we can theoretically calculate the curvature of space and time, and the result of the curvature of space and time is gravity.

Einstein's gravity field equation is not complicated to explain, but in fact, its description content is very complicated. Simple decomposition can be divided into a system of ten equations.

Such complex equations were enough for later mathematicians and physicists to conduct research for decades or hundreds of years.

Qiu Chengwen has studied Einstein's equations. He mainly used mathematical methods to analyze them, and finally proved an important result of Einstein's general theory of relativity--

Any solution to Einstein's equations must have positive energy.

What does that mean?

Positive energy means the existence of energy, not anti-energy. Just like there are apples on the table, its number is always a positive number, and there cannot be '-1' apples.

These may sound like nonsense, but when it comes to mathematical thinking, they are very valuable. When it comes to understanding the laws of the universe, there is only positive energy, no negative energy, and there is never an ideal zero state, that is, a steady state. This means that space and time have always been unstable.

Therefore, eternity that people see is moving.

Qiu Chengwen's proof of Einstein's gravity field equation is very valuable in the field of theoretical physics research. The famous "black hole physicist" Steven Hawking has had face-to-face discussions with Qiu Chengwen about Einstein's equation. problem, because the proof of 'equation positive energy' is directly related to the black hole argument.

Now Zhao Yi also needs similar theoretical content. He came to Qiu Chengwen mainly to communicate. He could expand his understanding of Einstein's equations and talk about cosmology.

While walking on the road, the two of them had already started discussing.

This is mutual communication.

Qiu Chengwen's research on Einstein's equations has been fruitful, but Einstein's equations are very complex. There are not only the problems of 'properties of analytical solutions', but there are also many other problems.

Zhao Yi also has his own understanding of Einstein's equations, and his understanding is related to particle mathematics research. He also hopes that Qiu Chengwen's understanding can bring him some inspiration.

Theoretical physicists are not one plus one. To be precise, there is no definite answer. Every top theoretical physicist will have a unique view on complex problems.

Or to put it another way, everyone has different ways of thinking and different views on things.

The two communicated all the way.

When he arrived in the office, Qiu Chengwen directly calculated on the whiteboard, while Zhao Yi stood aside and watched, occasionally saying a sentence to express his opinions. Soon the roles were switched and became Zhao Yi writing on the whiteboard. While writing and drawing, Qiu Chengwen was beside him and talking about his opinions.

Several mathematics professors and teachers who were following him also listened with interest, but then they simply stopped listening.

Because my thinking can't keep up.

Zhao Yi and Qiu Chengwen were just like discussing a problem. You have an opinion and I have an opinion, but the content involves very complicated mathematics and logic. If you can't keep up a little bit, you won't understand it later.

Several others could only shake their heads and smile bitterly.

Zhao Yi kept frowning and talked seriously with Qiu Chengwen. While talking, he was thinking about his own problems. Another important reason why he came to Qiu Chengwen was——

Research, the road ahead is blocked!

Zhao Yi collaborated with Edward Witten to study the boundary problem of multi-dimensional space, and his research has reached the limit. He elaborated on the energy distribution of particles outside, demonstrated the problem of supersymmetry, and introduced the concept of mass into the boundary theory of particles. .

After that, it should be merged with the research of Edward Witten, and the two of them could clarify the mathematical problems of the Higgs field together, both internally and externally.

But……

Edward Witten's research has not made any progress. Although he always says that he has made "significant discoveries" and "has very good ideas," the boundary mass logic involved has not been really implemented, and even There is no basic framework.

Zhao Yi can only study his own particle boundary theory and continue to improve the mass-energy structure theory.

At the same time, his research ideas were greatly influenced by Edward Witten. The positioning of the source of mass has always been "thrown out in high-dimensional space". The positioning of the source of mass directly affects research.

Now that he finds that the road ahead is blocked, he needs to find another way, such as redefining the source of mass, or simply ignoring the source of mass and simply studying the energy structure.

However, quality issues still cannot be ignored.

Even if the source of mass is not demonstrated, it is still necessary to supplement the explanation of mass, or the impact of mass on space, that is, the analysis of the gravitational effect.

During the discussion between Zhao Yi and Qiu Chengwen, they had been thinking about these issues, and at the same time absorbed what Qiu Chengwen said, "I think the effects of quality and strength are inseparable."

"Like Einstein's gravitational field equations, both momentum and energy can cause space-time distortion, not just mass."

"But at the same time, these can also be classified as mass: as long as it causes space-time distortion, it can be understood as mass."

"That's why there is the conversion of mass and energy, and there is Einstein's mass-energy equation..."

Qiu Chengwen is indeed enthusiastic about Zhao Yi. In the process of explaining his understanding, he also said a "private item", "Look at this equation, which I discovered in my early years."

He wrote a complex equation on the whiteboard, and then explained each part, "This is a wonderful equation, it has almost closed-loop logic, and careful analysis can reveal that mass and energy complement each other, but it's a pity... "

"What's a pity?"

Zhao Yi subconsciously asked a question, and then explained to himself, "It is impossible for all mass to be composed of energy and force, and particles do not have an absolutely static steady state, so it is wrong."

"That's right!"

Qiu Chengwen gave a thumbs up to Zhao Yi. He really admired him. The equation just now was so complicated that it would take a long time to understand it, let alone find out the problem. He sighed, "There is no such thing in the world." For a perfect thing, I have always believed that its perfection is the greatest failure.”

"Not necessarily..."

Zhao Yi stared at the equation and thought carefully, "Maybe there will be discoveries if we continue to study."

"It's impossible, I can't do it anyway." Qiu Chengwen said with a bitter smile, "This was discovered more than 20 years ago. Now that I can write it down directly, it shows that there has been research, but..."

He shook his head continuously.

"Just record it. You are more talented than me, and you might be able to research something." Qiu Chengwen smiled expectantly.

"Thanks."

Zhao Yi nodded seriously, pointed to his head and said, "I've written it down."

…

Qiu Chengwen does research on theoretical physics and has unique views on Einstein's equations and cosmology.

Zhao Yi felt that he had gained a lot.

In addition to the gains from some theoretical perspectives, the 'perfect logic equation' that Qiu Chengwen finally gave is indeed something worth thinking about carefully. It is not about thinking about the equation carefully, but the 'perfect logic' proposed by Qiu Chengwen.

"There is no perfect thing in the world, and its perfection is the greatest failure?"

"What a philosophy..."

The subject of theoretical physics itself seems to have a philosophical color. The more Zhao Yi thinks about this sentence, the more he feels it is very correct. When it comes to his own particle boundary theory, the explanation of energy is also imperfect. It is precisely because of the pursuit of perfection. Only through the process can the theory be perfected step by step.

After returning to Yanhua University, Zhao Yi quickly wrote down the contents. His memory was good enough, but it was safer to write it down, otherwise he would be depressed if he forgot it in the future.

College life is boring.

Among the group of people in the dormitory, Li Renzhe has been studying hard. His goal is to complete the postgraduate entrance examination. The most basic thing is to "pass the line" before Zhao Yi can become a tutor for postgraduate study.

Although Zhao Yi has not yet determined that he will become a tutor after his senior year, Li Renzhe has confirmed it for him.

Fan Lei went to country D to receive the award.

Zhao Yi is the only one left in the trio. He spends most of his time doing research, but research requires inspiration. Instead of just sitting in a room and working hard, he still lives a normal life and has time to think.

On this day, Zhao Yi went to the laboratory of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and paid attention to the progress of small projects in the laboratory.

All major projects in the laboratory have been completed, and they have not applied for other projects for the time being. However, Zhang Wei, Liu Chengjie, and Yan Yi are all working on their own projects, small projects with hundreds of thousands or hundreds of thousands of funds, and they are practicing their skills to increase scientific research in the laboratory. The performance is also good, because Zhao Yi is a researcher in the laboratory, he will share in the projects done by others, and he will occasionally care about it.

A few small projects are progressing quite smoothly. If there are any that are not going well, Zhao Yi will pay attention to them and see if he can make some comments.

Zhao Yi browsed the data related to the experiment and suddenly noticed that Liu Chengjie had a sullen face. He asked a little confused, "Brother Liu, what's wrong? Are you in a bad mood?"

"fine."

Liu Chengjie forced a smile.

Zhao Yi didn't pay too much attention and continued to look at the experimental data records. After a while, Liu Chengjie came out of the laboratory. Zhang Wei immediately walked over quickly and whispered with gossip in his eyes, "Do you know what happened? ?”

"What's wrong? Are you talking about Brother Liu?"

"Um."

Zhang Wei nodded heavily, glanced at the door again, and continued, "His confession was rejected."

"Sister Yan?"

"right."

Zhao Yi suddenly asked with interest, "How did you know?"

"Yan Yi told me," Zhang Wei said, "She said she has no feelings for Liu Chengjie. But, I think she might like..."

"Who do you like?"

"I like..." Zhang Wei prolonged her tone and said an unexpected name, "Fan Lei."

"Fan Lei?"

Zhao Yi opened his mouth in surprise, "Is there too much of an age difference? Fan Lei is as old as me."

Zhang Wei glared at him, her tone suddenly weakened, and she muttered in a low voice, "I can understand how she feels." After she said that, she immediately took him over and continued, "I guess it's impossible with Fan Lei. Liu Chengjie actually It’s pretty good, and it suits Yan Yi very well, but they are both in the same laboratory..."

She talked a lot in succession.

Zhao Yi listened patiently, nodded along, and occasionally interjected to express his opinions. When Liu Chengjie opened the door and came in, Zhang Wei immediately turned around and said seriously, "This project is almost completed, and we can start preparations for the later stages."

"Well, the project report must be written well, and the thesis must also be paid attention to."

The two exchanged a few words.

After Zhang Wei walked away, Zhao Yi thought carefully and suddenly felt something was wrong, "Yan Yi likes Fan Lei? Can she understand her feelings?"

"meaning is……"

Zhao Yi thought with some surprise, then took out the phone screen to take a picture of his face, and said with emotion, "Man, he is so handsome, but sometimes he is also very troubled!"