Genius of the Rules-Style System

Writing a paper with Edward Witten was an interesting process.

They often have disputes over some issues, and each dispute takes a long time.

This is thinking differently.

When Edward Witten looks at problems, he often starts from the basis of leisure theory. He holds a 100% support attitude towards the 'boundary theory of particles', because in the 'boundary theory of particles', the most basic energy unit is the chord. Very similar.

Zhao Yi has always defined the energy unit as a 'source', which is the original meaning. It is not clear what it is specifically, and the existing science cannot verify it. It is just a definition.

Edward Witten believes that the basis of the "particle boundary theory" is "string". He regards the energy unit as a string, or a "three-dimensional universe projection (double)" of the string.

Of course this would not be accepted by Zhao Yi.

Although the 'energy unit' is regarded as the 'projection of the string' and has little impact on the entire theoretical framework, the 'boundary theory of particles' is his theory, and the foundation must be firmly grasped.

If the 'energy unit' is regarded as the 'projection of the string', it is equivalent to saying that the 'boundary theory of particles' is the three-dimensional space research expansion of string theory.

This basis is the focus of the dispute between the two men.

Every controversy ended with Zhao Yi's persistence. Edward Witten always said helplessly, "There will definitely be a day in the future when I will be proven right."

Zhao Yi shook his head indifferently, "String is a unit of multi-dimensional space, and the basis of the two is different." He then said sarcastically, "Unless you are willing to accept it, string is just a unit of energy, not a unit of the multi-dimensional universe. composition."

The latter was the reason for Edward Witten's compromise.

Edward Witten will never admit that the energy unit is a string. He only admits that the energy unit is a part of the string, or something that is a combination of several strings in a characteristic form, or a projection, scene, etc. of the string, no matter what Understood in this way, the string itself will not be an energy unit, because this conclusion will subvert string theory.

String theory is a unified theory covering multi-dimensional space, and strings are the basic units of the multi-dimensional universe.

The energy unit is only the energy that makes up the three-dimensional universe. It is not on the same level in terms of "dimension". If strings are regarded as energy units, superstring theory and M theory will lose their meaning.

In addition to the most basic disputes at the bottom level, the two also have disputes over vague concepts. For example, they will have different views on the description of energy composition or the description of sorting.

Of course.

These do not affect the overall situation.

They have a unified opinion on the most important mathematical structure and logic, that is, the most difficult part is actually the easiest for them.

Although there were many arguments during the process, the two worked together very efficiently. It only took about five days to complete two papers with rigorous logical arguments.

One article is a description and demonstration of the special number "2 to the Nth power" related to mass, and the name is "Special Numbers in Space: 2 to the Nth Power".

This paper mainly demonstrates the particularity of '2 to the Nth power'. Zhao Yi wrote the energy structure of photons, bypassing the value of '2 to the Nth power', while Edward Witten wrote, M Most of the arguments for the quality of theoretical multidimensional space contain '2 to the Nth power'.

In addition, it is the content of mathematical argument.

In the content of mathematical arguments, there are many unusual coincidences in the argument that '2 to the Nth power' is linked to quality. When all the coincidences are put together, people will feel that '2 to the Nth power' is unusual. , the paper concludes with an inference that "'2 to the Nth power' is directly related to the mass of the three-dimensional universe."

The name of the second paper is "Energy Theory: Powerful Analysis". It follows the conclusion of the previous paper and starts with the conclusion that "there are no energy points of '2 to the power of N' in the three-dimensional universe" and "energy points tend to form" 2 to the Nth power'" to demonstrate.

This paper is based on the "Boundary Theory of Particles". After demonstrating that there is no "2 to the Nth power" energy point, special prime numbers are divided.

In the paper, the prime numbers that can form the nearest '2 to the Nth power' are defined as 'two-way prime numbers'.

Subsequently, he wrote forward and inverse bidirectional functions, and explained the wonder of the combination of prime numbers to form "2 to the Nth power" by solving the function and performing reverse arrangement.

Then there is the content of demonstrating the principle of energy ordering and strong interaction.

"Energy Theory: Analysis of the Strong Force" does not completely analyze the strong force, but explains a new explanation of the strong force based on mathematical structure, mathematical logic and energy theory.

This explanation is based on mathematics, and the logic can be said to be airtight, but there are still problems.

For example, the most basic ones are, "There are no '2 to the Nth power' energy points in the three-dimensional universe" and "Energy points tend to form '2 to the Nth power'".

These two contents are the premise of the argument, but they are even somewhat fantasy-like when stated, which is obviously not easy for people to accept.

If you accept these two arguments as premises, the content of the subsequent arguments is a matter of understanding.

Zhao Yi and Edward Witten also discussed this issue. They both felt that the argument was perfect enough, because even if they did not believe in the '2 to the Nth power' problem, others could not provide evidence to refute it, and their argument Perfect analysis of power.

Regarding the argument of '2 to the Nth power', the two came up with a lot of mathematical arguments and coincidences in the process.

Of course it cannot be used as a perfect chain of evidence, but this is what theoretical physics is like. The reason why a theory is a theory is that the purpose of research that cannot be verified temporarily is to explain some unexplainable problems.

Now their research has revealed many surprising mathematical coincidences, which are enough to support the inference about the relationship between '2 to the Nth power' and mass.

Zhao Yi and Edward Witten worked for many days and finally completed all the research and demonstrations.

Both of them felt very tired.

On the day of completion, Zhao Yi slept for a long time. When he woke up, he no longer wanted to think about math problems. Instead, he simply returned to the student dormitory, played games with Fan Lei and Li Renzhe, and went to the playground to play football in the afternoon to enjoy it again. College life.

This life lasted for three days, and on Monday, Zhao Yi went back to the staff dormitory and was surprised to meet Edward Witten.

"you……"

"You haven't left yet?"

After Zhao Yi finished speaking subconsciously, he suddenly felt a little embarrassed. He would definitely tell him when Edward Witten left, but he didn't have any news. Obviously Edward Witten did not leave.

Edward Witten was also a little depressed. He felt that it was almost time for him to leave, but thinking about things in college, he decided to stay for another half month, "I want to stay until May."

"Why……"

Zhao Yi really didn't understand.

Edward Witten said, "We haven't finished our research yet..."

"Isn't it finished?"

"No."

Edward Witten explained, "I think I can still find some inspiration here. In addition, the day after tomorrow, your Dean Zhou Zhengbin also invited me to give an open class in the School of Science. I will go to Shuimu University next week. I and Qiu Chengwen is a good friend."

"All right."

Zhao Yi reluctantly accepted these reasons, but still felt that Edward Witten was not telling the truth.

In fact, he didn't think that the subconscious use of the "Law of Cause and Effect" had told him the answer. Edward Witten was lying, but he was not interested in the reason.

The reason why Edward Witten did not leave was because Princeton University was caught off guard by his sudden departure. Later, he simply found someone to temporarily replace him.

Whether it is teaching work or research work, people have temporarily replaced them.

Although Edward Witten is still a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University, he has really become a professor who only takes a salary. In addition to the research work at hand, including teaching and research group work, others are already doing it. .

Edward Witten felt that it would be awkward to go back suddenly. He would have nothing to do, and he would feel embarrassed when facing people who were helping him with his work. He might as well pretend to be busy.

The message he sent back to the school was, "The latest results of my research with Zhao Yi will be published in "New Advances in Mathematics"!"

"Besides, I'm very busy now and have to continue discussions with Zhao Yi!"

"It will be three weeks at the earliest..."

In order to prevent people from knowing that he was lying, he sent away all the administrators sent by the school, leaving only Camilla who would not leak the secret. Because like Zhao Yi, she felt tired and did not want to continue studying mathematics in the short term. He is actually more free than Zhao Yi.

Two people who were busy with research suddenly became idlers.

Zhao Yi is relatively good. He likes a relaxed environment and is surrounded by his friends and classmates. His life can be said to be leisurely and contented. Even if he goes for a leisurely run on the playground, he will feel very comfortable.

Edward Witten was restrained and would be warmly received wherever he went. After a long time, he became very depressed. He simply didn't go out for two days in a row.

After meeting Zhao Yi, Edward Witten wanted to stay with Zhao Yi. It didn't mean discussing mathematics or anything, but he just felt that there was no place to stay and it would be nice to relax with Zhao Yi.

But Zhao Yi didn't want to stay with an old man, he had his own things to do.

For example, take a class.

"What, are you going to class?" Edward Witten frowned in confusion, "What class are you going to? Who is teaching you? Is it... biology? Medicine?"

He knew that Zhao Yi also did medical research.

"no."

Zhao Yidao said, "It is a mechanical engineering, technical course. There is a teacher named Wang Gang in the Mechanical Department of our school, who teaches very well. I am studying mechanical and power knowledge on my own, so it would be good to attend the class."

"Yeah?"

Edward Witten thought about it and said, "Okay, let's go together. It's been a long time since I experienced the feeling of being a student."

After he finished speaking, he suddenly found that he was looking forward to it.

How many years!

Since graduating with a doctorate at the age of twenty-two, he has always been in the role of a teacher. Even if he is sitting in other people's classes, his status is to evaluate the course, rather than really being a student.

Now that I think about it, it seems very good to take a 'mechanical engineering' class. Moreover, the class is purely in Chinese. It doesn't matter if you don't understand it. You can feel the atmosphere of the class and practice Chinese at the same time?

Edward Witten decisively followed Zhao Yi.

…

The third teaching building, classroom 402.

Professor Wang Gang had just had a haircut, and he looked in the mirror for a long time before coming to the classroom. The Mediterranean Sea in the middle became much brighter, which also made him feel very good.

Wang Gang's mood became better when he saw the overcrowded classroom.

This represents his level!

Teachers of other courses will encounter the problem of students skipping classes. Many students do not come to class at all, and some just slip out of the back door after calling their names, just like punching in.

His courses are relatively few.

This represents the student's recognition of the course and his success in the teaching field.

Wang Gang thought happily, and couldn't help but smile. He immediately felt something was wrong. If the memory is correct, this class was held by two classes together, with a total of one hundred students, but there seemed to be more than one hundred students in the classroom. Bar?

"one hundred and ten?"

"one hundred twenty?"

Wang Gang took a quick glance and roughly estimated the number in his mind. Then he noticed a fat old white man sitting in the last row.

That is……

"Edward Witten!"

Wang Gang suddenly opened his mouth in surprise. He couldn't figure out why Edward Witten would appear in his class. Wasn't he doing research with Zhao Yi?

"Zhao Yi?"

Wang Gang took a closer look and immediately noticed Zhao Yi next to Edward Witten. His face changed color, and the first reaction in his mind was, "Damn Hu Zhibin!"

"It must be him!"

"This guy...in order to take revenge for what happened last time, he not only asked Zhao Yi to come, but also asked Edward Witten to come with him."

"That's a Fields winner, the founder of M theory, and one of the most influential mathematicians in the world!"

"How can we teach this lesson!"

Wang Gang's teeth were almost broken, but he still forced a smile that looked like he was about to cry, and said with some embarrassment, "We have Zhao Yi and Mr. Edward Witten in this class. It's really..."

"What an honor!"

"In the future, when I go out to eat with friends, I can brag that I have taught lessons to two Fields winners!"

"Hahaha……"

There was a burst of laughter in the classroom.

The students also found it very interesting. They didn't know why Edward Witten and Zhao Yi came, and they didn't know that Wang Gang was actually embarrassed. They just found it interesting.

At the same time, some people are thinking, "Zhao Yi will definitely get Fields in the future."

"So today I am in the same class with two Fields winners!"

"You can also brag!"

at the same time.

Hu Zhibin was holding a stack of books in his hands and was about to walk into the office door. He sneezed hard and two of the books in his arms fell to the ground.

The person next to me quickly helped pick it up and asked with concern, "What's wrong? Teacher Hu?"

After Hu Zhibin recovered, he felt strange, but he still jokingly said, "Maybe someone is scolding me!"

The people in the office were immediately amused.