Great Country Academician

Hearing Xu Chuan's words, the other three people in the office all looked over.

The efficiency of boiling water is indeed not the highest among many power generation methods.

For example, supercritical carbon dioxide cycle technology and metals with large heat capacity can actually be used to generate electricity, and their efficiency is higher than that of boiling water.

But relatively speaking, those technologies have their own shortcomings, such as immature supercritical carbon dioxide cycle technology, high heat capacity metal liquefaction temperature and so on.

But water is different. It has a large heat capacity ratio, is easy to obtain, non-toxic, suitable for operating temperature and pressure, stable chemical properties, and moderate density. It is almost impossible to find a product that can replace it.

Generally speaking, the most cost-effective way for humans to use energy at present is to rely on thermal energy conversion (doing work, boiling water) without any problems.

Noticing the gazes of the three, Xu Chuan smiled and said, "Actually, I don't need to tell you, you all have the answer in your heart."

Academician Hou Chengping smiled, and said, "I have indeed considered it. In theory, that power generation method should be very suitable for controllable nuclear fusion."

"However, at present, compared with the mature heat engine, because it has withdrawn from the mainstream view of the public before, it lags far behind in technology."

All present here are academicians and top experts in the field of nuclear energy. The three of them naturally knew about the technology not expressed in Xu Chuan's words.

In fact, before today's exchange, Hou Chengping and Wang Yongnian had discussed and exchanged things in this regard.

At present, apart from solar power generation, it can be said that all large-scale power generation methods basically convert different energy sources into kinetic energy through various methods, and then drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity.

Apart from this route, do humans have any other power generation methods in the field of power generation?

The answer is yes.

As early as the nineteenth century, after Faraday proposed magnetohydrodynamics, the theory of magnetohydrogen generation was put forward.

Moreover, the theory of magnetic fluid power generation was not only proposed early, in fact, it was applied quite early.

In 1959, the United States successfully developed a test device for 11.5 kW magnetic fluid power generation.

In the mid-1960s, the United States applied it to the military and built a magnetic fluid power generation device for laser weapon pulse power supply and wind tunnel test power supply.

Including the disintegrated Hongsu and the small island countries, they have included magnetic fluid power generation in the national key energy research projects, and have achieved remarkable results.

In 1971, Hongsu built a magnetic fluid-steam combined cycle test power station with an installed capacity of 75,000 kilowatts, of which the magnetic fluid motor capacity was 25,000 kilowatts.

Later, the world's first 500,000-kilowatt magnetic fluid and steam combined power plant was also established in Hongsu.

The fuel used in this power station is natural gas, which can provide both electricity and heat. Compared with general thermal power stations, it can save more than 20% of fuel.

Despite this, MHD generators have not caught on worldwide.

At present, only a few countries have built magnetic fluid power plants.

This is because the conditions of magnetic fluid power generation are too harsh compared with traditional thermal power generation.

The so-called magnetic fluid power generation technology refers to the direct heating of fuel (oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear energy, etc.) .

Then when these plasmas flow at high speed in the magnetic field, they will cut the magnetic field lines, which will further generate induced electromotive force.

This technology converts thermal energy directly into electric current without going through a mechanical conversion link, so it is called direct power generation, also known as plasma power generation technology.

At present, the mainstream of magnetic fluid power generation technology used in various countries is to burn coal and gas, and the required temperature is very high, which needs to reach about 3000 ℃.

It is quite difficult to achieve this temperature with coal or gas.

Because of technical reasons, coupled with general economic benefits, it is not as good as traditional thermal power generation with technological progress, so it has gradually withdrawn from the public's field of vision.

However, magnetic fluid technology has always been a hot focus of research in various countries.

The reason is simple, magnetic fluid technology can be applied in military, aerospace, aviation, controllable nuclear fusion and other fields.

Hearing what academician Hou Chengping said about the shortcomings of MHD technology, Xu Chuan nodded with a smile, and said, "Indeed, it is undeniable that MHD technology once withdrew from the mainstream power generation technology."

"But it's also undeniable that in the first place it wasn't really intended for conventional fossil fuel combustion power generation."

"Even if it is nuclear fission, it cannot be adapted to magnetic fluid power generation technology."

"Because it is too harsh for the temperature of power generation."

"The high temperature of more than 3,000 degrees and the ionization of fuel to form plasma are almost impossible or very difficult for most heat engines."

"However, for controlled fusion, it's quite easy."

"Whether it is the helium ash exported from the divertor, or the heat we guided from the first wall, the temperature can easily reach more than 3,000 degrees."

"Fundamentally speaking, the technology of magnetic fluid power generation has been proposed since the beginning, and it is compatible with controllable nuclear fusion."

On the opposite side, Hou Chengping nodded in agreement, and said: "Indeed, it is very difficult to use other fuels to heat the temperature above 3,000 degrees. Controlled nuclear fusion naturally has an advantage in this regard. "

Xu Chuan smiled, and continued: "In addition to magnetic fluid power generation, we can also equip the tail with an 'ultra-supercritical heat engine generator' and a 'supercritical heat engine generator'."

As he spoke, he got up and dragged out a blackboard from a corner of the office.

After taking out a white chalk from the chalk box, he drew on the blackboard.

Starting from the demonstration reactor, leading the thermal energy out, first passing through the magnetic fluid power generation technology along the pipeline, and then continuing to derive it, passing through the 'ultra-supercritical heat engine generator' and 'supercritical heat engine generator' zones, drawing A structure similar to a production line, or a geothermal pipeline in the north was established.

In the office, the three of Hou Chengping got up and walked behind him, looking at the structure diagram on the blackboard.

Although the structure diagram is quite crude and not very standardized, this structure diagram clearly expresses the meaning inside.

Looking at the structural diagram drawn by Xu Chuan, Academician Hou Chengping smiled and praised: "Interesting, it seems that Academician Xu has already figured out how to use controllable nuclear fusion to generate electricity."

The combination of magnetic fluid power generation technology and heat engine technology to perfectly utilize the heat guided by controllable nuclear fusion has long been considered by him and Academician Wang Yongnian.

After all, for the heat generated by a controllable nuclear fusion reactor, even a magnetic fluid generator cannot consume all the heat at once.

In this case, it is possible to deploy a conventional heat engine behind the magnetic fluid generator set and continue to utilize the participating heat energy.

On the side, Academician Wang Yongnian did not speak. He looked at the sketches on the blackboard with interest in his eyes and fell into thought.

On the sketch on the blackboard, he saw something new, which was more advanced than the combined generator set he originally conceived with Hou Chengping.

The so-called 'ultra-supercritical heat engine generator' and 'supercritical heat engine generator' refer to units in which the parameters of the working medium in the boiler reach or exceed the critical pressure.

Generally speaking, the working medium in the power generation boiler is water, the critical pressure of water is 22.129MPa, and the critical temperature is 374.15°C.

At 1 standard atmospheric pressure, the boiling point of water from liquid to gas is 100°C. If you want to increase the temperature of water vapor, you must increase the pressure to increase the boiling point temperature.

At a pressure of 22.115 MPa and a temperature of 374.15°C, the density of water vapor is the same as that of liquid water, reaching a critical state; when both the temperature and pressure exceed the critical value, water will be in a supercritical state.

Using supercritical water vapor to generate electricity is called supercritical power generation technology, and ultra-supercritical power generation is a higher stage than supercritical power generation technology.

At present, there is no international unified standard for the division of ultra-supercritical and supercritical.

However, in the national "863 Plan" project "ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generation technology", the ultra-supercritical parameters are set to pressure ≥ 25 MPa and temperature ≥ 580 °C.

Looking at the structure diagram on the blackboard, Wang Yongnian looked at Xu Chuan with twinkling eyes, and said, "Using the residual heat of the magnetic fluid unit, first supply heat to the ultra-supercritical unit; liters, and then come to heat the supercritical unit.”

"A subcritical heat engine can be added later if needed."

"In this way, we can achieve a near-perfect use of controllable fusion heat energy. This set of plans is simply perfect, much better than the combination unit we conceived before!"

"I didn't expect Academician Xu to have such deep research on traditional heat engine technology."

At this moment, he really admired the young man in front of him.

With his year-round experience in the design of nuclear fission power generating units, he naturally figured out the corresponding core quickly after the structure diagram was pointed out.

But for him, heat engine power generation technology is one of the most familiar fields.

However, in the field he is most familiar with, he was easily surpassed by others, and he made a better and more perfect plan. How can he not be convinced?

PS: The second update, there will be another chapter to add tonight, ask for a monthly ticket reward ヾ(≧▽≦*)o