Harry Potter’s Morning Light

  Chapter 1752 Queen of Hell (twenty-three)

  Washinakats once proposed to provide corn and 80 **** skins to immigrant settlers every year when they formed their alliance. This is insignificant compared to the benefits of setting up a trading point, but it is part of the "ceremony".

  At the time, the greatest enemy of the Washinakats was the Pecots, and they only traded with the Dutch. Before the 1630s, the Dutch's main trading point was not in the Connecticut River Valley, but in Fort Orange, New Netherlands, and the Mohawks traded with them. However, in the winter of 1634, the Mohawks suddenly stopped coming. Given that the fur trade was the only income of the colony, this was undoubtedly an economic disaster.

The Dutch thought it was the French who made trouble. In order to save their old customers, the Dutch sent 22-year-old Van den Bogart to the Mohawk territory under the leadership of two companions and five Mohawk guides. Visit them.

When they almost reached the shore of Lake Monada, the team found an important Mohawk village, but the young Van den Bogart told one of the chiefs of the tribe that he was only here to "visit", so there was no Carrying gifts, the angry leader drove this "talent" away.

The French not only intermarried with the Indians, they also set up "spokespersons" in the Indian tribes. These "spokespersons" are usually young boys under the age of 20. They want to live with the Indians and learn their language, Culture, thereby establishing a more stable connection between the French and the Indians, this is the rule of the "Father of New France" Samuel de Champlain.

The Indians in the east are very different from those in the west. In the east, the water webs composed of creeks, rivers and lakes are as dense as spider webs. The Indians travel, hunt, and fight by canoeing, which has a smooth appearance. The stability is also very good. French traders quickly learned to use this kind of transportation and meandered along the waterways in North America.

  The bottom of this kind of boat is flat, with great buoyancy, and the hull is very light. Rowers can easily navigate the deep and fast river with wide and flat oars.

  The cedar wood for shipbuilding is everywhere, and it is easy to repair. This canoe played a central role in the fur trade in the north. But for these **** skin traders, the most terrifying thing is not the rushing rivers and steep waterfalls, but the Indians hiding in the forest and water.

  Not all Indians are peace-loving, and there are frequent wars between tribes. The Europeans changed the way of warfare in the process of trading with the Indians, so the Iroquois sometimes attacked these caravans, even if the caravan's guide was from their hostile tribes, the caravans would be attacked.

The Europeans will be fine. The big deal is to lose part of the goods. The guide will be tortured very badly if caught. Such an attack is usually called the "beaver war." Part of the reason why the war is so named is the Iroquois. People need to obtain **** resources, and part of the reason is their culture. When many members of the clan pass away or are killed, it is their way to re-enhance their strength by launching war. Captives will not be executed, but treated as slaves. Or take it back and replace the deceased tribe.

The Indian tribes who were defeated by the Iroquois and did not become captives and slaves fled to Lake Michigan and Lake Superior. The local Sioux, Cree, and Miami people had no contact with Europeans and did not understand the fur trade. In their perception, beavers are hunted and eaten just like other animals. The European artifacts in the hands of these fugitive Indians made them feel very novel, so these fugitives from different tribes formed a new tribe "Ottawa people", Ottawa means trader, they are middlemen in the trade of **** skins , Their place of residence became Ottawa. They replaced their old knives and kettles with good **** skins, and exchanged these good **** skins for European goods.

But just like the history of currency development, Indians also have a "hard currency" similar to gold and silver, that is, shell beads. Its value is differentiated by size. Not only did the "talent" not bring gifts, he also "Money" without Indians. Van in the Netherlands, like Feng in Germany and Della in Spain, means "come from" and is not a symbol of nobility, but the 22-year-old Van den Bogart is indeed not an ordinary person, otherwise he would not be young. Without experience, he became the team leader to "visit" the Mohawk.

The five guides were busy guarding against the other Indians and were not in the mood to remind him that his two subordinates did not know whether they really did not understand the rules or cheated the young master. Seeing that the young master was going back empty-handed, the elders came out to adjust. Saying "They are willing to be friends with the Dutch", an old man put his palm on Van den Bogart's chest and found that his heartbeat was steady, so he announced that the Dutch were not afraid. At this time, the Indian talent gave Van den Bogart a beaver. Leather coats, the two sides began to bargain.

  Deception can be found everywhere, is there any reason for the Dutch to send one?

While chatting around the bonfire, the Indian chiefs wanted to price a large **** skin, four palm-wide shell beads and four palm-wide fabrics. Van den Bogart said he had no right to decide this kind of thing. He had to ask "the chief ", that is, the opinion of the Governor of New Netherlands.

At this time, the chief who was going to rush the "talent" jumped up. "You Dutch are rascals. The French will not only give gifts when trading, but also willing to give out more shell beads or provide better goods in exchange for our fur. !"

Perhaps the governor had taught it before the young master left. This was the way the Indians were asking prices, so they retorted, "Don’t lie, the French are always out of stock or don’t give enough shell beads. Other tribes have already abandoned the French and We traded."

   "Then what do you say?" the Indian asked.

   "I will come to see you next spring with the results. Until I will come, you cannot trade fur with other people." Van den Bogart said.

  The Indians agreed to this condition, so Van den Bogart took the Indian's request to see the governor.

  The Dutch agreed to this condition, and they quickly resumed trading with the Mohawks, but in the winter of 1635, the Mohawks stopped coming.

  After a year of tempering, Van den Bogart is already a businessman who can stand alone. This time he went out to meet the Mohawk, and he still remembered to bring a "present".

  However, this time I went, the situation was completely different from the last time.

  The once prosperous tribe was lifeless. There were no guards at the door, and the sky was full of crows and foxes.

  The fox is a white fox, but maybe because it ate the prey, it was full of blood. He didn't hide when someone came.

  This situation is unusual no matter how you look at it. Van den Bogart, his companions, and the guides all took up arms and guards, and finally they found a dying old man in a half-down tent.

  It was the Iroquois who came. They took people from the tribe to supplement the population, but this time they died not because of the war, but because of the smallpox epidemic in the tribe.

  Later, when a guide was helping the old man clean up his wounds, he found that his body had acne, and the guide immediately wailed in terror.

  Due to many uncontrollable factors, the Dutch used the Connecticut River Valley as a backup trading point. At the same time, Massachusetts and Plymouth began to immigrate to the river valley. Although the Governor of Massachusetts Bay did not agree to the conditions of the Wassinarts like Plymouth, the people began to migrate spontaneously. They took a fancy to the land in the river valley and planned to develop it into farmland, which was similar to those who planned to build fortifications here. The Dutch had conflicts.

  In the summer of 1636, a Boston merchant was said to have been killed by the Peckets. The Massachusetts authorities sent troops to destroy the crops and aroused resistance from the Peckets.

After the Pecots were defeated, some decided to abandon their land and escape. Their land was occupied by the Mohicans, while the captives were divided up. Some were sent to other tribes as slaves, and some were sent to the West Indies. , The number of Pecots dropped sharply, and the Dutch were also squeezed out of this trading spot.

As the British colonies gradually formed a line along the coast, the French fur business became more and more difficult. Champlain always hoped that New France would become a smoothly functioning and versatile colony, but they were still Trapped in some northern areas near Ottawa, the southern French could not compete with the British. All they could do was explore new sources of fur to the west through expeditions.

  There were still many American bison at that time. The Indians discovered a way to hunt bison. The eyes of this behemoth were long towards the sides. This is the characteristic of many herbivores, and the eyes of sheep are also long on both sides. The eyes of predator animals such as lions, tigers, wolves, and humans are facing forward, so bisons can easily look to the sides to gain a wider field of vision. When they run or are frightened, their heads are always low. , Which makes them easily affected by the group. Other people are running and they will run by themselves, so as long as the cattle are driven to the edge of the cliff, the cattle that can’t see the front will collectively fall off the cliff. You can get a huge number of bison.

With the heavy taxes generated by the wars in the Old World, the French no longer have the money to buy leather clothing. In addition to the war between France and many European countries, those countries that were eager to Paris luxury goods have also closed their doors. As a result, France has a tendency to treat fur. The demand for the product has dropped sharply, but traders are still buying in large numbers, which has caused a lot of fur to rot in the warehouse and be bitten by rats.

  The naval battle between the Netherlands and Britain broke out in 1665. The fuse was a British navy that occupied New Amsterdam in North America by the Dutch. At that time, British warships moored in Brooklyn aimed their cannons at the fortress of New Amsterdam. At that time, King Charles II of England granted land including New Netherlands to his brother James, Duke of York. In return, James had to hand in four **** skins every year. These troops were to ensure that this promise was fulfilled.

British commander Richard Nix announced to the Dutch in the city that as long as the other party surrendered and promised to accept British rule, the life, property and freedom of the surrender would be protected. Director-General Peter Steverson directly tore and persuade the surrender. Book, preparing to assemble the army, Van den Bogart, who was 22 years old, persuaded him.

   Obviously, continuing to do fur business now is not as good as it used to make money. “There are more hunting dogs, and rabbits cannot escape.” The Dutch do not have a strong immigration plan. The key is that the British put forward the condition that Suriname could be exchanged for New Netherlands and Amsterdam. That was the land lost by the Dutch in the First Anglo-Dutch War. The sugar trade in Suriname was extremely valuable, and that area belonged to South America. , Did not have much effect on Britain’s North American expansion, while New York was of great significance to them.

  These outsiders don’t know that Massachusetts, New Haven, Plymouth, and Connecticut have formed a “loose aggregate” that promises eternal friendship, offensive and defensive together, and mutual assistance and negotiation.

  The Duke of York is bound to expand after occupying New Amsterdam. New Haven is actually not a suitable place for the fur trade. It is the place of the Dutch and the Swedes.

For decades, New England has been discussing a mythical lake-Lake Iroquois, which is a **** version of Eldorado. It is said that it is the source of a certain river. In order to find this lake, many Massachusetts people migrated to New Haven. Text.

  The Dutch surrendered New Amsterdam and acquired a more valuable piece of land in Suriname. At this time, New Amsterdam was already a multi-ethnic city. These people came for profit and were extremely hypocritical and would not resist desperately. The British did not want a ruin and promised that the conditions of the British would be beneficial to the Dutch. After they withdrew, they could invite the Dutch to send troops.

After many considerations, the Director-General gave up resistance. The British occupied New Amsterdam without blood. To commemorate the Duke of York, New Amsterdam was renamed New York (newYork). Although the Dutch left, they still left traces. New York’s Queens was It is decorated with Dutch tulips and English roses. Brooklyn, Harlem, and Broadway are also named after Dutch.

  The war made life tight for the French, but the British lived well, and the demand for **** hats and leather jackets in Hudson Bay skyrocketed. In addition to **** skins, the British have a great demand for deer skins. Charleston ships more than 200,000 deer skins back to the UK every year.

  The location of Charleston is just south of Massachusetts and north of New York. Plymouth is also a British colony. Although there is friction between the fur business and Massachusetts, the offensive and defensive alliance is still unanimous, and all colonies will fight the French.

  If Massachusetts rebels against the noble governor sent by England, then the governor of New York is a British nobleman, and Philip Ingrisch is relatively safe under the protection of the governor of New York.

Elizabeth Cary’s husband is a Charleston shipbuilding expert. Anyone in power will pay attention to the protection of technical talents. If Elizabeth Cary was lured to Salem like John Alden, then Charleston Fortunately, the authorities came forward, but Elizabeth ran to get rid of the wrongs by herself.

  A talent is very important, and political and economic factors must also be considered. In line with the fact that more is worse than less, then the Charleston authorities will be helpless.

  Continuing to wait is undoubtedly waiting for death, Elizabeth Carry escaped from prison.

Their property is in Charleston, and George Corwin’s desire to embezzle their fortune is not as convenient as John Proctor and Philip Ingrisch, but this gives the Massachusetts sheriff an excuse to intervene in Charleston affairs. Reasons It is to catch the fugitive.

Thomas Blatter is a scientist at Harvard. He worked with chemist Robert Boyle. He also measured a comet that struck New England. He listened to and recorded the Salem Witchcraft Trial. the process of.

  Barcelómy Gordney is an old acquaintance of Alden. They have experienced brilliance together, and they have also experienced the bottom of the valley, but how can Alden be blamed for the illness of the child he has never met? Pastor Noyce learned to be rich, benevolent, and benevolent. He actually believed in evil eyes. Those things are ridiculous ideas. Is it the country **** that rude and ignorant people would believe? Who doesn't have any unusual marks on his body? Since when does not crying means guilt?

The veteran captain did not mention Alden’s other accusation that the “spokesperson” did not come back when the “spokesperson” was negotiating the exchange of prisoners in York County. In fact, in Blatter’s record, the witch A large number of allegations in the witchcraft court have nothing to do with witchcraft. On the contrary, it was Judge Corwin’s mother-in-law. Many people accused her of being a witch, but they were equally at large.

  As for Andover, the husband would rather believe the child's words than his wife. Those women might rather fall into the hands of barbarians than continue to fall into the hands of the brothers and sisters.

  The aggressive Iroquois would sometimes be forced by their wives to get out and take slaves to fill the population, but they didn’t know if there were any people who got smallpox in the slaves.

In the summer of 1721, smallpox spread in Boston. In the face of the deadliest disease in the 18th century, people took the measure of isolation. A red flag floated outside the houses of infected people, meaning "God bless this house." ".

Cotton Mather, who was 29 years old, had also entered middle age at that time. In addition to a writer, he had a new professional scientist. He had a slave from West Africa named Onassimus. He told Mather. One way she has seen in her hometown can protect her from disease, and that is to inoculate the infected person's acne.

  Perhaps he still remembers the curse brought by the "Queen of Hell" Martha Carrier thirty years ago, so Mather tried to persuade the Bostonians to vaccinate, but he encountered fierce opposition from the people.

  The Bostonians were very dissatisfied with the African slaves inventing the panacea they had long sought. Someone threw a ignited grenade at Mather’s house. Fortunately, he was not seriously injured.

  At the same time, Bostonians would rather be treated with Indian snake venom antidote, which is essentially the same as the African method. There is only one doctor in Boston who is willing to use the method he said, including himself, his sons and slaves.

  Andover was not hit by the plague after experiencing extreme weather, especially the smallpox. It is believed that it was because the Carrier family were all arrested.

  At least before cowpox was invented, smallpox was deadly to Europeans and Indians.

  Many people will leave a scar after vaccination. Just like Bartholomew Gedney said, who doesn’t have any unusual marks on his body?

So the inverted c written on Martha Carrie’s body is nothing. Maybe she accidentally got it because of her injury. It’s just that she was rampant and hateful. All those who offended her didn’t end well. The one who had a land dispute with her. The neighbour's footsteps and groin had abscesses like the Black Death, and she was fine as soon as she was arrested. And her 22-year-old nephew, who came back from the front line, was seriously injured. The wound was deep enough to insert a four-inch needle. It seemed almost helpless, but as soon as Martha Carrie was arrested, he was fine. .

Carrie’s nephew’s father also died in prison six weeks ago because of witchcraft charges. His mother and sister have been detained. One of his cousins ​​pleaded guilty to avoid disturbing the whole family and avoiding his own family. People throw dirty water at each other.

  But the fear is still spreading. Everyone in my family is in danger, and the whole family is falling apart. It is not limited to the Carrier family. It is estimated that the scene is not what the wounded soldier wants to see.

Andover’s most prominent family is Dan. Francis Dan has been serving as the pastor of Andover since before Samuel Paris was born. At the same time, he also served as the headmaster. Most adults learn to read and write under his education.

  There are very few land disputes in Andover, and the disputes between pastors do not affect the locals. Nevertheless, Andover villagers still have reasons to resent the pastor who has arthritis but refuses to retire.

  He limped a foot and could only handle part of his duties, and Andover had to hire a younger priest.

Thomas Barred is a classmate of Paris Harvard. He is younger and more energetic than Paris. He only got married before he took office in Andover. Before he came, he was still complaining that the dormitory was the same size as the pigsty, and his residence was bigger. a little.

The villagers met his conditions. Even though they spent twice as much money on Barred as Dann, they got a benefit. Dan and his family were targeted. He couldn’t shrug his shoulders as before, don’t care. Those accusations are because Massachusetts has begun to hang the pastor.

  Some people suspect that the devil appears pretending to be a priest. He will pretend to be Paris, Mather, Burroughs, etc. This makes the priests have to wear black hoods when they appear in court, so that the witches can’t tell.

  To inflict torture on others, God will not turn a blind eye to suffering.

  Undecided who will die, we will continue to see you in court.

  　 I heard that Sleeping King is going to build infrastructure in Africa

  　　The principle is that, it also depends on the cooperation of allies. Ordinary people can’t go there, and even the old folks who are used to living in the city will not go. Who is willing to leave the bright streets like art and go to Africa?

  (End of this chapter)