Heroes of the Resistance Reborn

Ma Bufang, who participated in the "Four Horse Conference", learned the news on his way back. Suddenly he learned that the entire 3rd Brigade and 1st Regiment of the 100th Division, which he relied on for survival, had been completely wiped out by the red bandits. At first, Ma Bufang thought he was just a soldier.

I didn't believe the joke at all. When I confirmed that it was true, I couldn't help but scream. Then I spat out a mouthful of blood and fell off my horse.

Ma Bufang has been praised and criticized throughout history. The praise refers to his ability to lead troops to fight when the Japanese invaders invaded; the criticism refers to the brutality of his rule, especially the massacre of the Red Army's Western Route Army. Of course, this

Praising and criticizing Qi

Although he exists, he is far more derogatory than praised. The first thing about him is that he is extremely scheming. In his political and military career of more than 20 years, whether he is controlling internal affairs or dealing with the central government, he is decisive, thoughtful, and well-organized.

He is very sure of every inch, and uses all means to the best of his ability. Everything he does is very purposeful, and he does not seek the best interests for himself, such as kicking away his uncle and brother, and monopolizing the military and political power of Qingma.

This is the case of controlling clan members and subordinates with equal emphasis on kindness and power; or it is to seize the maximum benefits for one's own "group", such as using Gansu and Qinghai as base areas to infiltrate Xinjiang and Tibet, conquer Tibetan areas, and pursue the Red Army.

Ma Bufang's biggest characteristic is his dissolute and shameless nature, which is very rare among the upper echelons of the Kuomintang. At that time, he once publicly said: "Everyone who gave birth to me was an adulterer." This means that except for his own mother and himself,

Except for the daughter who is born, who is not allowed to commit adultery, everyone else is an object of sexual pleasure. In this way, except for the wives and daughters of his subordinates, he is the sister and niece of his own family.

His brother-in-law and sister-in-law could not escape his clutches. Even his granddaughter was raped by him and gave birth to a son. In order to cover up others' eyes, Ma Bufang killed the baby with his own hands. According to reports from Hui expatriates living in the Middle East to the Taiwan Kuomintang

According to the authorities, no less than 5,000 women, including Han, Hui, Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan, Kazakh (Sak), Sa (Lha) and other ethnic groups, were ravaged by Ma Bufang.

Some people in later generations analyzed that Ma Bufang's bestial behavior was mainly manifested in five aspects: first, relying on political privileges, he raped the wives and daughters of some subordinates, and repeatedly played tricks on military and political dignitaries in the area, as well as the dependents of local tyrants and evil gentry; second, he ignored the rules and regulations.

, violates ethics, seduce some relatives in the inner chamber, to

His own sisters, nieces, cousins, and cousins’ wives and concubines are not spared either. Third, seducing or planning to harm female students in school; fourth, robbing certain women from the private sector, and extending his claws to the wives and daughters of the poor and poor girls;

5. Bribing and occupying some prostitutes in a brothel. According to records, he once occupied a couple of prostitutes in order to occupy them at the same time.

His beautiful sister killed three people in the family. It is also said that he often went to the streets of Xining and Lanzhou to hunt for beauties. After seeing the beauties, he secretly caught her in a sealed truck following him and sent her away.

Back to the Xining mansion. He also raised a group of "nursing sisters" in his mansion. Not only did he keep them every day

He wanted to drink human milk from them personally and indulge in his lustful pleasure. When he attended the Kuomintang Congress in Nanjing, he also went to Shanghai to procure Russian and Japanese prostitutes. In the end, even the head of the Nanjing National Government

The members couldn't stand it anymore and secretly blamed and criticized him.

Although Li Jiansheng had some feelings about his contribution in fighting the Japanese invaders during the Anti-Japanese War, he deeply hated him. In particular, in official history, Ma Bufang committed heinous crimes against the Western Route Army.

A great sin.

It turns out that although Ma Bufang, a politician, has been involved in the army since childhood, he has made little achievements in military command. He only participated in strategic decision-making, but rarely participated in specific battle command, and rarely went to the front line. In the official history of the Western Route Army, he

That is to ask the veteran Ma Yuanhai to take charge. He is more likely to understand the situation at any time and provide supervision.

According to official history, the West Route Army was chased and annihilated by the Ma's Army. They did not even have a chance to eat or rest, let alone rest. Often, as soon as they reached an area where they could rest for a while, Ma Bufang's cavalry rushed over.

The Ma Jiajun took advantage of the rapid maneuverability of this cavalry to defeat the Western Route Army alive. You must know that the total number of people during the expedition was

The West Route Army of the Red Army, which numbered about 21,800 people, lost about 7,000 people after fighting the Ma Jiajun, including 143 cadres at regiment level and above, and more than 20 cadres at army and division level; about 5,600 people were brutally killed after being captured;

About 4,700 people were rescued and returned to Yan'an; about 4,500 people were separated along the way.

Victory or defeat is a common thing for a soldier. If he died in battle, it would be okay, but killing Red Army soldiers with cruel means is an unforgivable crime!

How were the captured Red Army soldiers brutally killed? After Dong Zhentang, commander of the Fifth Red Army, was killed in battle, his head was cut off by the enemy and hung on a pole for public display. Later, Liu Chengde soaked it in alcohol and gave it to Ma Bufang;

After being captured, Sun Yuqing, commander of the Ninth Red Army, was executed with a machete because he would never surrender.

Hacked to death; Xiong Houfa, commander of the 88th Division of the Thirty Army, was seriously injured and was tied to a cannon barrel by Ma Bufang and bombed to death. As for more than 2,400 other male Red Army soldiers, they were buried alive on the spot, and some were nailed to trees.

Some were burned alive. It can be said that they were buried alive, shot, burned, and grilled.

Ma Bufang's various animalistic behaviors such as heart removal, bile removal, and tongue cutting were all performed by Ma Bufang. This cruelty was simply shocking. According to records, it took about two hours to kill these Red Army soldiers. Because the Red Army soldiers had not eaten for several days, they were unable to resist.

, when escorted to the edge of the pit, they were usually not tied up

The Red Army stood by the pit and cut one person at a time. Those who knew how to kill died, but the heads of those who couldn't kill were not removed, or they cut at non-vital areas. As a result, some people fell into the pit and were still alive. Some Red Army soldiers asked for a replacement.

Gun. Ma Bufang's cousin Ma Ying later recalled, "I once shot and killed seven or eight people."

Compared with male soldiers, the experience of female soldiers was even more tragic. Because at that time, the West Route Army had the only women's independent regiment of the former Red Fourth Front Army. In addition to collecting firewood and cooking, these female soldiers also had to fight like male soldiers.

, many lesbians died in the battle

At that time, most of these female warriors were only in their 20s, in their prime. After the Liyuankou battle, the female warriors of the Women's Regiment were captured while fighting guerrillas in the Qilian Mountains, and were taken as trophies by Ma Bufang and Ma Buqing's troops.

, except for partial burial alive

In addition, others were raped, or given to officers at all levels as wives, concubines, and maids, or even resold in many places, where they were tortured and raped. Some people refused to obey, fought to the death with the enemy, and were eventually killed. For example, Nv Xi

Route Army soldier Hu Xiuying and fellow prisoner Yang Guifang were captured and then took advantage of the sentry unnoticed.

Yi slipped out of the gate and fled to the Huangshui River outside the north gate, but was captured by the patrol. The director of the Army Hospital beat them severely and said: "This communist woman has not changed her nature and cannot be used anymore!"

That night, she and forty or fifty soldiers were taken to a mass grave and buried alive.

But this time, because of Li Jiansheng's appearance, although the West Route Army incident still occurred, the losses were far better than in official history.

It turned out that after Li Jiansheng divided his troops that day, he led his troops to annihilate Ma Buluan's entire brigade without leaving a single person alive. Then he immediately attacked Zhangye, where Ma Buluan's brigade was stationed. Because Ma Buluan's troops had been completely wiped out, the station was a

Empty frame, happy that Li Jiansheng's troops harvested a good harvest. The result

, Mabuluan Brigade Headquarters, and the 100th Division Headquarters were all captured by the locust-like Li Jiansheng's troops. Not only did they clear out all the equipment in the warehouse, but they also rescued many captured Red Army soldiers. Although most of the male Red Army soldiers

As in the official history, most of them were killed, but most of the female warriors were saved.

, Li Jiansheng comforted them and accepted them one by one, but he decided to hand them over to the political commissar together. Because it was late November, the weather in the northwest was a bit cold, and although Li Jiansheng's department was fully prepared, the clothes were still not enough.

And this time, Ma Yuanxiang's brigade was annihilated, and Mabuluan's brigade was annihilated.

and the 100th Division Headquarters, and gained a lot. Although there were not many guns and ammunition, there were still quite a lot of horses, sabers and cold-warming clothes. It was essential that Li Jiansheng's troops were well equipped again. In particular, although the cold-weather clothes were still too few, they

In addition to the ones purchased from the private sector, it is barely enough, ensuring that everyone has one.

After clearing Zhangye, Li Jiansheng rushed forward and immediately led his troops to attack Ma Zhongyi's Third Cavalry Brigade. As he rushed forward, Ma Zhongyi's Third Cavalry Brigade had already caught fire with the troops led by Wu Zheng. It turned out that Liu Chengde's regiment was still

They really couldn't withstand the ravages of Wu Zheng's troops. You know, Wu Zheng, Chang Kewu, Zhao Xun and others, who were angered by Li Jiansheng, rushed forward non-stop, even

Most of the time, we traveled day and night. When we were hungry, we would chew some pieces of mutton on horseback; when we were sleepy, we would take a nap on horseback. The journey was not closer than that of Li Jiansheng's troops, but they forced themselves to get ahead. When Liu Chengde's troops were informed,

When they received the news and wanted to organize a resistance, Wu Zheng and others, who had arrived nearby as early as the afternoon of the day before, had rested for a night, and at this time it was time to pull the sacrificial flag with him. What Wu Zheng said

The troops attacked from the front, and Zhao Xun and Chang Kewu divided into left and right flanks to outflank. Originally, the number, quality, and firepower of the soldiers were superior, but in addition, the soldiers all had a fire in their hearts, and the tactics were appropriate. With only one charge, Liu Chengde

This regiment collapsed. The collapsed infantry regiment was a target for the brigade. Wu Zheng and others had long received Li Jiansheng's "No Prisoners"

"The secret order did not shout "Hand in your guns and don't kill", nor did you accept any form of surrender. You just rushed back and forth to scatter and knock down the enemy, and then dispersed and killed them, killing them with knives, shooting guns, and trampling them with horses.

, many infantrymen were trampled to pieces by Wu Zheng's cavalry. A whole regiment, no one was left alive after one morning! Including Liu Chengde himself, he also died in the rebellion!

Liu Chengde was still trying to persuade Dong Zhentang to surrender the night before. He bluntly said that there was no way out for joining the Red Bandit. Seeing that he was a man, he was willing to give him a way out. If he didn't agree again, he would have his head killed. Unexpectedly, Dong Zhentang sprayed him in the face.

Liu Chengde had already decided to be cruel. He would wait two more days for division commander Ma Bufang to come back and report the matter to him, and then he would behead him.

According to official history, in late October 1936, when Li Jiansheng was leading his troops to capture cities and territories in the northwest, more than 20,000 Red Army troops were ordered to cross the Yellow River westward and march into the Hexi Corridor area of ​​Gansu Province to implement the Ningxia campaign plan. In January 1937, Dong Zhentang led the

The Fifth Red Army captured Gaotai County, Gansu Province in one fell swoop. Just as the people of Gaotai were celebrating their victory, the enemy's Ma Bufang and other troops of about 20,000

The remaining people surrounded the high platform. After nine days and nine nights of fierce fighting, due to the outnumbered enemy, we were forced to enter the city and hold on. Under the attack of powerful enemy artillery fire, the high platform finally fell on the 20th. Dong Zhentang and more than 3,000 Red Army soldiers all died heroically.

He was 42 years old. After Dong Zhentang's death, Mao Zedong once said affectionately that a horse's power is known from a distance, and Dong Zhentang was a "resolute revolutionary comrade."

During this time period, similar things happened, but a few months earlier. After Dong Zhentang led more than 2,000 troops to capture Gaotai County, Gansu Province, they were besieged by Ma Bufang's troops. After more than ten days of fierce fighting, they finally ran out of ammunition and food. Dong Zhentang

Most of the troops died heroically, but Dong Zhentang, who had been fighting on the front line, was seriously injured by the Ma Jiajun artillery.

Du fainted and was captured. Liu Chengde was overjoyed when he learned that he had captured a big shot of a red bandit. On the one hand, he sent people to treat Dong Zhentang, and on the other hand, he tried his best to persuade him to surrender. But Dong Zhentang was very stubborn, and his injuries were almost healed, but he surrendered.

There was no let up at all. After a few months, Liu Chengde also lost his patience and waited until the right time to behead him.

But the commander of the Ma's Army never dreamed that he did not wait for Ma Bufang's order, but instead waited for the Red Army's revenge bullet. As a result, his entire regiment was wiped out, and he himself was killed. Wu Zheng led

When the troops took over Liu Chengde's headquarters, they rescued a group of Red Army soldiers, including Dong Zhentang!