I kidnapped an alien civilization

"Didididi" accompanied by a crisp sound, the green indicator light on the outside of the chemical molecular analyzer flashed a few times.

"Master, the composition of the green substance in the waste battery has been analyzed." Xiaohua has already obtained the information from the analyzer.

"Please tell me!" Li Mo's gaze stayed on the remains of the abandoned alien battery on the experimental bench, and he was full of expectations for the results of this "disposable" chemical substance analyzer.

"According to the analysis report, the main components in the battery are high-purity carbon elements and a small amount of lithium ions." Xiaohua replied.

Carbon and Li-ion? Li Mo was taken aback, the answer far exceeded his imagination.

Because carbon itself is not conductive, the electrons inside its nucleus are also very inactive.

According to the principle of batteries, the first condition for the elements to make batteries is to have active ions. Just like the reason why lithium can become the first choice of various batteries is because of its high charge density and stable helium-type double electron layer, which makes lithium easy to polarize other molecules or ions, but itself is not easy to be polarized. Lithium is the most mobile metal among known elements due to the most negative electrode potential.

Carbon is the first element in group IVA in the periodic table of elements, and it is located between the most non-metallic halogen element and the most metallic alkali metal. Its valence electron layer structure is 2s22p2, and it is not easy to lose electrons or gain electrons in chemical reactions, and it is difficult to form ionic bonds.

How could it become the raw material for making batteries?

Li Mo deeply doubts that there is an error in this analyzer, but according to past experience, there will be no functional errors in the products produced by the learning assistance system.

"Are you sure the material inside the battery is carbon?" he asked suspiciously.

"It's very certain, and the purity of this carbon has reached the limit purity of 99.9999%, and the remaining 0.00001% is lithium." Xiaohua replied.

"But carbon is not suitable as a battery at all?" Li Mo asked, unknowingly, he had already regarded Xiao Hua as a knowledgeable partner.

"Humans have a famous philosophical saying that existence is reasonable."

"Since this alien battery uses high-purity carbon as the main material, there must be a reason for it. What we need to do is to figure out the principle." Xiaohua's words are full of philosophy.

Li Mo suddenly had a flash of inspiration, and he slapped himself on the head fiercely.

The properties of matter are not only related to the characteristics of its elements, but more importantly, are affected by its structure. Just like the pinnacle of artificial objects, the computing chip CPU, its composition is only high-purity silicon, just like the sand in the desert, but after being etched by a photolithography machine, it can complete billions of floating-point operations per second .

Similar chemical composition does not mean that their internal structure is also the same.

Carbon is one of the most widely distributed elements on the earth. It can constitute amino acids essential to human life, and it can also constitute a diamond that lasts forever.

So does carbon have a special structure that enables it to have a super-strong ability to store electric current?

The answer is absolutely possible!

"Master, I don't think your behavior of patting your head like this is a safe behavior. According to statistics, every year, 135 people around the world suffer from concussions due to patting their heads like this." At this time, Xiaohua made a crisp voice.

135 people got a concussion because they patted their heads?

Li Mo felt a little funny, is there such an unfortunate person in the world?

But he's not foolish enough to question an AI in terms of data.

"Thank you, Xiaohua." Although he knew that Xiaohua was just an artificial intelligence, such kind care still made Li Mo feel warm.

At this time, Li Mo thought of a new question, and he asked, "I need a microscope that can clearly see the internal structure of atoms. Do you have any recommendations?"

Since the alien batteries contain carbon and lithium inside, it is now necessary to clarify their internal structures so that the differences can be effectively analyzed.

"There is no microscope in the world that can truly see the internal structure of atoms." Xiaohua replied.

Such a microscope does not exist?

Li Mo frowned, and asked suspiciously: "But I once read in a journal that foreign scientists used an electron microscope to see clearly the interior of the atoms of metal elements?"

Xiaohua replied: "Master, your description is that you can see clearly. Only an optical microscope can receive light. At the atomic size, light will be refracted and diffracted, so the internal structure of atoms cannot be seen clearly."

"In order to solve this problem, mankind invented the electron microscope. Except for the scanning tunneling microscope, which does not use accelerators, many of them obtain images by accelerating electron beams or other particles. The difference lies in the level of applied energy and display accuracy. Then carry out computational simulations , regenerating the internal image of the atom."

"Also, in the downstairs laboratory there is a field emission scanning electron microscope that is currently in the leading position in the world, which can perform secondary electron image, reflection electron image observation and image processing of various solid sample surface topography."

"Using it, although the internal structure of carbon atoms cannot be directly observed, it can verify your various conjectures."

Xiaohua may have sensed her master's doubts, so she explained everything in detail. Li Mo felt ashamed, because he held wrong ideas about microscopes, and was educated by an artificial intelligence today.

Since the internal structure of atoms cannot be directly observed, various composition models can only be designed according to the number of atoms and electrons of carbon.

Li Mo thought about it carefully, and he found that the element carbon is actually a very magical element.

Carbon atoms can form covalent bonds with the other four carbon atoms in sp3 hybridized orbitals to form a regular tetrahedron, which becomes a typical atomic crystal. This kind of crystal is diamond. Since the C─C bond in the crystal is very strong, all valence electrons participate in the formation of covalent bonds, and there are no free electrons in the crystal. Therefore, diamond not only has high hardness, high melting point, but also is non-conductive.

When carbon atoms form covalent single bonds with sp2 hybrid orbitals and adjacent three carbon atoms to form a hexagonal planar network structure, and when these network structures are connected into a sheet structure, it forms the softest in nature. ore, graphite.

The same element, due to the different internal structure, creates two substances with completely different properties.

So what kind of structure does the carbon in the battery exist in?

He was full of anticipation for this question.

What needs to be done now is to describe the internal structure of the carbon atom with a mathematical model.