I make a popular science video and all the emperors learn from it!

【Popular science continues】

【2. Modern means of transportation】

【3. Train】

【The development of trains has gone through four stages of development, namely: steam locomotives, electric locomotives, diesel locomotives, and high-speed trains~】

【The first stage:】

【A steam locomotive is a type of train locomotive that uses a steam engine to convert the chemical energy of the fuel (usually coal) into thermal energy and then into mechanical energy to make the locomotive run.-】

【The first locomotives that appeared in the 19th century were steam-driven】

【By the end of World War II, steam locomotives were still the most common type of locomotive】

【The first steam locomotive was built by Chinese George Stephenson】

【In 1814, the first steam locomotive he developed, the"Bratzer", was successfully tested.】

【On September 27, 1825, Stephenson personally drove the"Traveler" steam locomotive he designed and manufactured in collaboration with others to test run on the newly laid railway and achieved success.】

【The application of steam engines in the transportation industry has brought mankind into the"train age" and rapidly expanded the scope of human activities】

【The steam locomotive speed record was set by the 4-6-2 Mallard of the United States.】

【On July 3, 1938, Mallard No. 4668 towed six carriages and set a speed record of 126 miles per hour (203 kilometers per hour) on a slightly downhill section.】

【It is generally believed that this is the speed limit of steam locomotives】

【Composition structure:】

【A steam locomotive consists of a boiler, a steam turbine, a frame, a running section, a tender, etc.】

【boiler】

【Parts that burn fuel and generate steam, including firebox, pot body and smoke box】

【The fire box consists of two parts: an inner fire box and an outer fire box. The bottom of the inner fire box is the hearth, and there is an ash box under the hearth for storing ashes.】

【There are different numbers of large and small smoke tubes arranged in the pot body. The large smoke tube is equipped with a superheated tube for drying and heating the steam.】

【Boiler water is stored between the inner and outer fireboxes and inside the pot body. The pot water covers the top plate of the inner firebox and the large and small smoke pipes, forming a steam space on the evaporation surface of the pot water.】

【The smoke box is located at the front of the pot and contains ventilation devices such as a chimney, exhaust nozzles, reflectors, and spark nets.】

【The fuel is put into the hearth and is mixed and burned in the fire box with the air entering from the gray box damper to generate heat energy. The heat energy passes through the inner fire box plate and large and small smoke tubes, and is transferred to the surrounding pot water and the steam in the superheated tube. The flue gas enters the smoke tube. box and discharged through the chimney. High-pressure and high-temperature steam enters the turbine from the steam drum at the highest point of the boiler through steam passages such as the regulating valve, drying pipe, superheating pipe and main steam pipe.】

【motor】

【A component that converts the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy. The steam turbine and its mechanical parts include steam chamber, cylinder, piston (also known as piston), crosshead, rocker, connecting rod, valve actuation device and other components.】

【...】

【Frame】

【Boilers, turbines and other components are fixedly mounted on the frame, and the weight is transmitted from the axle box to the wheels through the spring suspension device, which is supported by the rails. The moving wheel converts the mechanical energy from the mechanical part into the running work of the locomotive on the track.】

【Walking Department】

【The running part of a steam locomotive includes a spring suspension device, a wheel set, a guide wheel, a follower wheel, an axle box, a guide wheel bogie, a follower wheel bogie and a traction device.】

【There are three types of wheel pairs: guide wheel, moving wheel and slave wheel. The small wheelset installed on the front bogie of the locomotive is called a guide wheelset. When the locomotive moves forward, it guides the locomotive in front so that the locomotive can pass the curve smoothly.】

【The large pair of wheels in the middle of the locomotive that can generate traction is called a running wheel. The pair of small wheels on the rear bogie of the locomotive are called slave wheels. In addition to bearing part of the weight, they also serve as guide wheels when the locomotive is running in reverse.】

【The axle box is similar to the sliding bearing axle box of the vehicle. It mainly functions as lubrication to prevent the axle from overheating when running at high speed. The main function of the spring device is to moderate the vibration during operation and reduce the impact of the wheels on the line. In addition, it can evenly distribute the weight of the upper part of the frame to each wheel set.】

【tender】

【Vehicles carrying coal, water, grease and storage tools, etc., hung behind the locomotive cab】

【The coal water truck consists of two parts: a coal trough and a water tank.】

【High-power locomotives, due to the large amount of coal burned per unit time, are equipped with coal pushers and coal conveyors on the coal water trucks to evenly spray coal to all parts of the hearth.】

【Please watch a video of a steam locomotive in action below. 】

As the video begins.

The steam locomotive parked on the track emitted huge black smoke and made noise.

Start slowly accelerating on the track

【......】

The ancients were watching the video attentively.

It used to be their favorite session.

But this time the steam locomotive scared them when it started moving!

"monster! There are monsters living there!"

"While black smoke was coming out, it was like a ghost crying and a wolf howling! This car is unknown!"

"This thing is so scary!"

"..."

Even if there is an explanation of the light curtain.

The ancients still couldn't understand how this thing moved without being pulled by humans or animals, and without going downhill!! ?

And the appearance is so scary!

Not only did a large amount of black smoke come out, but the sound was also like a ghost crying and a wolf howling, which was unbearable!

0 Asking for flowers 0

Han Dynasty.

Liu Bang was so frightened that he almost sat down on the ground.

"His Majesty!"

"Go quickly and help Your Majesty."(To read Baoshuang novels, go to Feilu Novel Network!)

Liu Bang was supported by someone, and he was still a little shocked.

He shouted in surprise:"What is this?"

"It's so terrifying to move!"

He originally wanted to admire the steam locomotive, but he didn't expect the huge noise when it moved, combined with the thick black smoke, which shocked him.

It was like a person who was watching TV attentively, and suddenly an Ah Piao appeared on the screen.!

After a while,

Liu Bang murmured:"This thing is scary, but it is so huge, and its speed of movement is not inferior to that of a carriage. If it can be used by me, it will be a great thing for the big man.""

He began to frown and ponder.

How to build this big thing?

I have no clue....

Three Kingdoms period.

Cao Cao was surprised and began to look carefully at the steam locomotive in the video.

"What a good thing, you can tell at a glance that this thing is extraordinary"[]

"If it can be used to transport food and grass, it can feed tens of thousands of troops at a time!"

"Moreover, this thing has copper skin and iron bones, so there is no need to worry about others daring to plunder food and grass."

Cao Cao was envious and suddenly felt a little disappointed.

This thing can only be seen.

He can't make it.

But fortunately, the other two countries are even less likely to make this thing.

Thinking of this, Cao Cao feels a lot more at ease.

It's okay if he can't make it, and neither can others. Everyone stares.

Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang's pupils shrank

"How much cargo can this car carry?! ?"

Comparing the trucks I saw earlier with steam locomotives, it's a big deal!

Large trucks can transport dozens of tons of grain at a time.

But compared with a steam locomotive with so many carriages, the latter is probably not as good as the former. Dozens of times!

Zhu Yuanzhang was so numb.

There are too many good things from future generations.

No wonder it can be so prosperous

【Popular science continues】

【To understand steam locomotives, you must first understand the working principle of steam engines】

【...and】.