Into Unscientific

Chapter 216 Collision! (6.8K)

Zhou Shan's home.

After reaching the intention to join.

Xu Yun's expression suddenly relaxed a lot.

Then he thought about it and said:

"Academician Zhou, when is it convenient for you to report to the company?"

Zhou Shan glanced at Huang Liping who came out of the kitchen, and the husband and wife looked at each other with a tacit understanding, and replied:

"Give me a week. I'll take some time to deal with the matter in Yongcheng, and I'll fly to Luzhou immediately after I'm done."

Huang Liping also nodded with a smile.

In fact, as early as after serving his sentence, Zhou Shan and Huang Liping reached an agreement:

Research will definitely continue, but he will no longer work within the system.

Although Zhou Shan has been in prison for twelve years, he can be regarded as a "stained" scholar.

However, the scientific research circle is well aware of the whole incident, and naturally they will not cut off contact with Zhou Shan just because he has served a prison sentence.

Now some of Zhou Shan’s friends either work for a company or start their own business, and they have offered him an olive branch.

Therefore, the two had prepared to move a long time ago.

Anyway, Huang Liping retired two years ago, and her two children have already married, so it is not a problem to live in another place.

The only one that is more difficult to part with.

Only Huang Liping's interpersonal relationships in Yongcheng over the years are left, such as relatives, old friends, neighbors and so on.

But compared with being with Zhou Shan, these relationships are nothing.

to some extent.

Zhou Shan and Huang Liping are actually somewhat like low-profile versions of Yang Guo and Little Dragon Girl.

Although it is not the soul-stirring and unrequited love of the latter, it shows the purity and loyalty of love to the fullest.

However, although Xu Yun respects and envies this kind of love, he is a single dog after all, and cannot experience and understand it personally.

So at this moment, what he cares more about is Zhou Shan's arrangement:

"One week? No problem. I will go to the company headquarters to hand over your placement later."

In accordance with the previous intentions reached by the two parties.

In addition to providing funds, Huadun Biotechnology also needs to prepare housing, laboratories, and assistants.

Even with the help of HKUST, the head snake in Luzhou, these links will take a certain amount of time to operate.

a week.

It's actually a little short.

For example, the University of Science and Technology invited Academician Li Yadong to Luzhou through a similar agreement, and it took more than two weeks to arrange the residence and laboratory.

It was more than forty days before the team was formally formed to carry out research.

Fortunately, Academician Zhou Shan's name is there, so it should be relatively easy to recruit assistants, and maybe there will be a queue for registration.

And just as Xu Yun was talking with Academician Zhou.

Luzhou hundreds of kilometers away.

HKUST.

Synthetic laboratory.

This moment.

Academician Pan and Zhao Zhengguo were standing on the console with solemn expressions, surrounded by a group of busy researchers.

after awhile.

Zhao Zhengguo looked at the assistant beside him and asked:

"Xiao Liu, how is the preparation of the light source?"

The Xiao Liu that Zhao Zhengguo spoke of was a somewhat thin boy with a pair of gold-rimmed glasses, and his hairline was comparable to a medical student.

I saw Xiao Liu seriously typing on the screen a few times, and solemnly replied:

"Teacher, the ire value of the second-generation light source has reached 97.8%."

Zhao Zhengguo pondered for a moment, then said:

"Then wait a little longer, and report again when the value reaches 99.5%."

Xiao Liu nodded:

"clear."

After receiving the particle information from Xu Yun earlier, Zhao Zhengguo and others immediately carried out theoretical verification.

But with the deepening of the argument, Zhao Zhengguo and others suddenly discovered another situation.

This unknown new particle seems to have some unusual properties vaguely.

well known.

A hyperon is a baryon that is heavier than the nucleus.

They are strange in that they are produced by strong interactions, but decay by weak interactions, and are made of strange quarks.

There will be no free quarks in its interior under normal conditions, because the force between quarks with color charges increases with distance.

Even if you add more energy to try to separate the quarks, this energy will only be used to create new quarks, which will still end up bound in hadrons.

This phenomenon is confined by quarks.

There are three kinds of ∑ hyperons discovered so far, and only one kind of Λ hyperons, but different numbers can be subdivided according to different masses.

What Zhao Zhengguo and the others observed before was the Λ hyperon numbered 4685.

Its decay period is about 2.63×10-10 seconds, and its main decay methods are:

∧°→P+π-

∧°→n+π°.

It is easy to see from this method that there is no CP violation in the decay process of the Λ hyperon.

But according to the formula and simulation results deduced by Xu Yun, the special particle is not like this:

It is highly likely that there is a term that breaks the CP symmetry in the Lagrangian.

And in the field of mathematics, it is extremely close to the data obtained from the experiments of K meson and B meson.

This is very very interesting

Because it involves another concept - neutrinos.

Neutrino is one of the basic particles that make up the nature, and its mass is very small.

It has no charge and only participates in weak interactions. It is called the "invisible man" in the universe.

Hundreds of millions of neutrinos penetrate our body every second, and research results related to neutrinos have won Nobel Prizes many times.

The specific content has been introduced in detail in the "Handbook of Conquering Another World", so I won't go into details here.

At present, the Super-Kamiokande detector at Neon is dedicated to the study of such particles. We also have a laboratory in Daya Bay in China, which is recognized as one of China's most important achievements in basic physics.

The classmates who were shot to death by Houyi in their previous life should know it.

The mystery of the disappearance of neutrinos in the sun was once an unsolved case in the field of physics.

This situation is simply that scientists have discovered that the flow of neutrinos produced by the sun is only about one-third of the theoretical model.

This unsolved case lasted for many years, and later the scientific community learned that there are actually three types of neutrinos.

They will switch between each other, which is called "neutrino oscillation".

The first two conversion modes have been verified by experiments successively, and the third conversion, that is, θ13, has a very small probability of occurrence, so it is also the most difficult to detect.

In the link of θ13, there is an item that destroys the symmetry of CP in the Lagrange quantity, and the value is very close to the mysterious particle.

That is.

Now judging from the characteristics of that mysterious particle, this particle seems to have some properties of neutrinos?

Of course.

Maybe some students who are rarely seen here are a little confused.

Don't worry.

And just keep reading.

At the same time, Zhao Zhengguo and others also discovered.

In addition to the fact that this particle is highly suspected to have a term that breaks the CP symmetry in the Lagrangian, its orbital position is also somewhat wrong.

The particle orbit of 4685Λ hyperon is the standard 4f orbit, which can be described by seven function equations.

According to the Pauli exclusion principle.

The multi-electron wave function must be commutatively antisymmetric.

However, Zhao Zhengguo and others found that after using the adiabatic approximation and the mean field approximation to simplify the total Hamiltonian.

The electronic wave function of the many-body system of the unknown particle does not conform to the central field approximation of the Λ hyperon.

That is to say

This particle appears to be just a weird new particle that looks like a Λ hyperon, but is actually a little different!

But if it is a new particle, another problem arises:

mentioned before.

The four foundations of nature are the strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, electromagnetism, and gravity.

Among them, the gravitational interaction is the weakest among the four basic interactions, but the range of action is the infinite distance.

Call it the long-range force.

Electromagnetic force exists between electric charges, this force is quite strong, and the range of action is infinite distance.

Strong interactions are the forces acting between atomic nuclei, and this interaction is the strongest of the four fundamental forces.

Its action distance is the second shortest among the four basic forces, and it is a short-range force.

The range of action is about 10^-15 power meters.

The last is the weak interaction, commonly known as the weak nuclear force.

It is also a force that exists inside the nucleus, and it is a kind of short-range force.

The range of action is about 10^-18 power meters.

Zhao Zhengguo and his team found a very special situation after calculating according to the energy band theory model:

The distance between that new particle and 4685Λ hyperon is about 10^-17 power meters!

What does this mean?

It means that within this distance, theoretically only particles of the same kind will not collide.

Take our planet Earth for example.

We all know that the moon is a satellite of the earth. (The concept of companion star is not discussed)

So under long-term observation, we have concluded a 'rule':

Small celestial bodies in the universe that can form stable structures with large celestial bodies at close distances must have related satellite systems.

That is to say, only satellites can be stable at the position of the moon, not orangutans like Venus and Jupiter.

in the microscopic realm.

This earth is just the 4685Λ hyperon, and the new particle is just like the moon.

So at the beginning.

Xu Yun regards the new type of particle as the 'satellite' of the Λ hyperon, such as a new Λ hyperon with a slightly smaller mass.

But with the deepening of research, Zhao Zhengguo suddenly discovered that

That new particle is not a satellite of the Λ hyperon at all, it is actually a planet similar to or even larger than the "earth"!

But on the other hand.

It can stay in the orbit of the moon and form a celestial body combination with the earth, but neither side is affected.

This is very, very intriguing.

Therefore, after combining the above highly suspected violation of CP symmetry.

Zhao Zhengguo immediately thought of a concept:

Quantum tunneling!

The so-called quantum tunneling.

It refers to the quantum behavior that microscopic particles such as electrons can penetrate or pass through the potential barrier when the height of the potential barrier is greater than the total energy of the particle.

The most common place for quantum tunneling is the nuclear fusion reaction of the sun.

Because although the gravitational force compresses the matter inside the star relatively densely, it is also the ultimate source of energy for the star to undergo nuclear fusion, glow and generate heat.

But in fact.

The density inside the star is not too high, certainly not to the level of a white dwarf.

Obviously, the density of white dwarfs, that is, the distance between two atoms, is still a long way from nuclear fusion.

Because of the high temperature of the core, the two atoms can collide at a very high relative speed, but the magnitude analysis shows that this relative speed is not enough for the two atoms to cross the Coulomb barrier.

For an atom to sprint past the Coulomb force and into the embrace of another atom, it needs to be hundreds of times hotter than the core of the sun.

This calculation is very easy to do, and related concepts will basically be mentioned in the second year of the master's degree.

That is U~e^2/4πεr, where r is the atomic radius.

The temperature U~KBT corresponding to this potential energy is much higher than the core temperature of the sun.

So before Gamow discovered the tunneling effect.

Scientists even generally agree that the sun's core isn't hot enough for hydrogen to fuse.

Other than that.

Quantum tunneling.

It also happens to be an important concept in the field of quantum encryption studied by Academician Pan.

Actually.

Quantum "black technologies" such as quantum entanglement, quantum correlation, and quantum tunneling are all optimal devices that can realize future quantum cryptography communications.

So you can think about it.

A particle similar to neutrino characteristics, but can be captured and observed, and can achieve the effect of quantum tunneling

Once it can be observed and studied.

How helpful will this be to the study of quantum encryption?

Of course.

Some people may have a misunderstanding, that is, if a new particle is discovered, there is a chance to win a Nobel Prize or something.

But this is actually a relatively common misunderstanding.

To make a metaphor.

These achievements are roughly equivalent to discovering a new bird or fish in reality.

It's easy to get attention.

But if you want to win the prize, you have to discover dinosaurs.

For example, the LHCB has discovered more than 56 new particles so far, and the average number of particles discovered each year basically fluctuates around four to five.

If it is true that Nobel Prizes are issued, ten will be issued every year around the world.

But from a scientific point of view.

A newly discovered particle may give a great impetus to a certain theory or technology.

Think here.

Zhao Zhengguo couldn't help but look at Academician Pan, and said with emotion:

"Xiao Pan, you have brought out a good seed this time. I remember that Xiao Xu is not a doctor yet, right?"

Academician Pan nodded and said with a smile:

"Well, I'm still in the third year of research, but I'm going to study for a Ph.D. next year."

When Zhao Zhengguo heard this, a trace of envy flashed in his eyes.

In fact, the mentor-student relationship in the scientific research circle has always been a very complicated two-way appeal.

in this circle.

Students want to find a good mentor, and the mentor actually hopes to meet some potential seedlings.

Glorious lintel.

This is an idea that Huaxia has had since ancient times, and it is also true in the scientific research circle.

For example, academician Wang Zhenyi is very representative.

In his life, Mr. Wang cultivated three academicians, Chen Zhu, Chen Saijuan, and Chen Guoqiang. The achievement of one academician with four academicians can be called a good talk in the Chinese scientific research circle.

Now Xu Yun doesn't say whether he has the possibility of being an academician.

At least that's how he went on.

A senior professional title must be indispensable, and it is nothing more than a matter of time.

The potential is limitless.

Just as Zhao Zhengguo was thinking.

Xiao Liu who was in charge of the main screen suddenly raised his hand:

"Teacher, the ire value has reached 99.6%!"

When Zhao Zhengguo heard this, his expression straightened immediately, and he and Academician Pan walked to the operating table together.

This time, the particle collision they carried out has a higher specification than the time when the 4685Λ hyperon was discovered.

Many people often have such a habit in their lives:

Love the quick turn of the umbrella in the rain.

And just when the umbrella rotates, clusters of water droplets will fly out along the tangential direction of the edge of the umbrella.

As for synchrotron radiation, it refers to the electromagnetic radiation emitted along the tangential direction when charged particles with a speed close to the speed of light move in a curved line.

That is, those drops of water in the tangential direction.

If you want the water droplets to splash quickly, then the amount of rain that falls is also the requirement of the light source, so naturally it is very high.

The greater the rain.

The more water droplets are splashed out.

Up to now, there are about 47 synchrotron radiation facilities in the world, distributed in 23 countries and regions.

Among them, there are first-generation light sources used by the Yanjing Electron-Positron Collider, the second-generation light source of the Luzhou Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, the third-generation light source of the Modu Synchrotron Radiation, and the 4V Hsinchu synchrotron radiation light source.

For this particle research, Academician Pan spent a lot of favors and seconded the best CCD light source among the second-generation light sources.

This is the light source with the highest radiation intensity among the second-generation light sources in China. It is said that people who are irradiated by this light source will have extremely terrifying human body mutations.

For example, grow six pairs of hands, thereby increasing the code word speed by three times and so on.

The cost of starting a CCD light source is more than 2 million Huaxia coins. It is second only to APS and Italy's Tillest light source among the second-generation light sources in the world, and it is three times that of the commonly used light sources at HKUST.

Of course.

The more expensive the price, the better the radiation effect of the light source will be.

You get what you pay for.

Therefore, after learning that the ire value has reached 99.6%, that is, after the equipment debugging is completed.

Zhao Zhengguo and Academician Pan immediately looked at each other, and nodded in tacit understanding.

Zhao Zhengguo took a deep breath and ordered:

"Power on!"

Following the transmission of the instruction, Xiao Li's index finger, which was lightly placed on the button, suddenly exerted force.

Click——

at the same time.

Twenty meters underground.

A square magnet array with a height of about one meter was activated by the current and began to vibrate like a vibrating egg.

This is the oscillator of the coradiative source, which oscillates the electron beam through a special coding cycle.

A few seconds passed.

call out--

A 1/4 wavelength superconducting prototype cavity consisting of 65 beam lines was opened rapidly, and a bunch of lead nuclei flew out at an extremely fast speed.

And under the support of the multi-curved achromatic lens, they accelerated again in just one hundred thousandth of a second.

Seven ten-thousandths of a second later.

They quickly passed through a superconducting wiggler with a large gap and a high field strength of 2.6T, which is another element of the "splash of rain":

The power to turn the umbrella handle.

Under the action of this 'force'.

'Rain' starts small angle scattering.

influenced by.

In a microcosmic field invisible to the naked eye, some unknown changes have occurred.