Madam, As Much As You Want

As the heart of the aircraft, aero-engines are known as "the jewel in the crown of modern industry" in the field of high-end manufacturing

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It has the characteristics of high research difficulty, high technical content and high industrial return.

It is an important symbol to measure a country's comprehensive scientific and technological level, basic strength of science and technology industry and comprehensive national strength.

At present, the most powerful aero-engine manufacturers are in Western countries.

Well, the world-renowned aero-engine manufacturers are also - basically all Western countries.

The first is the General Electric Aviation Group of the United States.

General Electric (GE) Aviation is the world's leading manufacturer of jet and turboprop engines, components and integrated systems for commercial, military, business and general purpose aircraft!

Worldwide, an aircraft powered by a GE aircraft engine takes off every two seconds.

In 2013, GE Aviation's sales were 22 billion yuan.

32% of them come from civilian engines, 18% from military engines, and 37% from post-engine maintenance services!

There are many directions in the current research and development of aero-engines.

Take the most basic turbine blade.

It is one of the shortest short boards in the field of Dongguo.

At the same time, it is also the most difficult material in the world to prepare!

It is the so-called jewel in the industrial crown.

So where is the pearl of this thing?

Those so-called "experts" on this topic can crack a lot of useless talk.

As we all know, the same knowledge was learned in elementary school.

The more and faster the engine ejects, the greater the thrust generated. Academically speaking, this is called the law of conservation of momentum.

Up to this moment, all aerospace engines are based on this principle, relying on throwing things to generate thrust.

but.

The explosion speed of fuel oil, explosives, and these working fluids is close to the theoretical limit of information transfer between molecules.

If the basic physics is not broken, then in order to increase the thrust, we can only desperately plug more fuel into the engine.

Once there is more fuel, there is not enough air to burn, so an exhaust fan is installed to try to supply air.

This is the basic principle of the engine!

Compresses more air to supply more fuel to burn.

Now, the problem is with this exhaust fan.

The scientific name of the exhaust fan is a high-pressure compressor, which is integrated with the turbine behind it.

This is how the engine works.

First, the fan blows air in first,

Then, the compressor rotates at a high speed, compressing the air into the combustion chamber behind, and the strong airflow generated by the combustion is ejected backward to generate the power to propel the aircraft,

At the same time, it pushes the turbine at the back to rotate, and the rotation of the turbine drives the compressor at the front to rotate, continuing to compress more air.

The power to rotate the compressor comes from the turbine.

The power to rotate the turbine comes from the airflow produced by the combustion of the fuel,

fuel-burning air, compressed from a compressor,

form a triangular loop.

Haha, this love triangle is complicated enough.

Of course, this thing is hard to come by, but it is not impossible for Dongguo to do it.

The difficulty of this thing is not in manufacturing.

Although the engine structure design is also very complicated, the difficulty cannot be compared with the material.

To make an engine, as long as you find a way to get a sample, you can just copy it.

In fact, in the industrial field, this guy has a handsome and serious name: reverse engineering.

Just like writing a paper, the first step is a literature review. In any research and development work, you must first understand similar products and learn from them to upgrade. This is actually a very reasonable approach.

Any country does this.

It was done before, it is done now, and it will be done in the future!

It's just that Dongguo's foundation is weak, and now he has done more.

Of course, for a machine as complex as an engine, if you don't have a good grasp of your own technology, even a cottage can't do it.

For example, a few years ago, the J-6 engine suffered continuous shaft breakage accidents, which once led to the grounding of 60% of the aircraft, which seriously affected the air defense of Dongguo.

It took two years to figure out that this engine was a rough design of a considerable part of the Maozi.

There is a problem with the radius of the rounded corner,

The design of Maozi is between 0.6mm and 0.8mm.

Unfortunately, the tool materials of Dongguo at that time were not good enough, and the wear on both sides of the fillet cutter was too fast, so the radius was reduced by 0.2 mm during processing.

Just because of this 0.2 mm, the stress increases sharply,

That is to say, the original pressure is evenly distributed on the blade, but because this corner is 0.2 mm less, the pressure is concentrated to one point.

In the end, the turbine shaft was broken, resulting in many machine crashes!

How many of these details does an engine need?

And how many such details are needed for the entire military industry?

The complexity of the modern military-industrial system is completely beyond people's imagination!

From a certain point of view, military industry is actually a complete conspiracy!

The competition is about personnel and input!

Any single technology is a cloud, this strict and huge system is the highest technical threshold!

It is precisely because of the harsh requirements under such extreme conditions,

In order to reduce unnecessary connections and gaps, some aircraft engines in the United States have achieved an exaggerated degree!

How do they do it?

The core components are cut out bit by bit from a whole big iron lump!

Quite a loser!

This thing is commonly known as the whole leaf disk.

•••••**••••••

In this way, the blade and the disc are connected together, which is not only stronger, but also reduces the weight by 30%!

As a result, it has gradually become the mainstream of the engine, and the turbines of the fighter jets planned by the United States will all use integral blisks.

However, the craftsmanship of processing this thing is not ordinary, and usually requires high-end machine tools.

Speaking of machine tools, well, sigh...

This thing is also the big shortcoming of Dongguo!

Of course, these high-precision machine tools can still have a direction to work hard.

There is no direction to work hard, but the material!

The test time for steam turbine blade steel usually exceeds 10,000 hours!

But if the temperature is raised to 670 degrees Celsius, the test time is only 400 hours.

Four hundred hours?

Enough for what?

Therefore, in addition to aero-engines, Dongguo's high-power steam turbines and gas turbines are also a pain in the ass!

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Many people are not convinced.

Why is the material so difficult?

In fact, this is still because human technology is too backward. Everything depends on experiments. Only through one experiment can we find the best solution.

The ingredients are similar to those of stir-frying, and the final ingredients are known. The ratio of stewed vermicelli with pork and radish can be counted.

But I don't know the order of adding the pot, the heat, the pretreatment of the ingredients, the fertilizer for growing vegetables, the feed for raising pigs, and what kind of pot and shovel to use.

So many times, when you look at a good dish, you can only drool.

Are Rolls-Royce cars famous?

In fact, they make cars just for fun..

The most powerful technology is aero-engine, and there are only three companies in the world at the same level!

The other two are GM and Pratt & Whitney in the United States.

How seriously are materials limiting technology?

Just take a machine tool as an example.

The machine tool is a tool for cutting metal. The precise mechanical structure is cut out, and only the parts cut out can ensure the accuracy.

Machine tools are to industry what pen and paper are to students.

During high-speed machining, the friction between the spindle and the bearing will cause thermal deformation, causing the spindle to lift and tilt, thus affecting the machining accuracy of the machine tool.

In addition, the tool will inevitably wear when machining the material.

It is precisely because of this influence of machining accuracy that a large number of domestic equipment, even with more sophisticated designs, still lag behind in performance.

With the frantic investment of Yidong Kingdom in recent years, there is almost nothing that cannot be tossed out.

When I was in college, my teacher said that the engine drawings of the F16 were already available..

But what's the use of having it?

No material!

Many technologies have actually been implemented in theory!

Only the material, the huge accumulation of technology, is stuck on the bottleneck!

Most of the so-called core technologies, in the final analysis, are materials!