Meet the principal

A genius can remember the address of this website in one second: (Dianping Chinese), the fastest updates! No ads!? Augustine’s question made Reiner laugh.

It wasn't because he wanted to ridicule the other party or anything, but Reiner felt a little emotional that no matter which world he was in, the same problem would appear.

Seeing Reiner's strange expression, Augustine became a little gloomy, and he continued to ask.

"Planets like the moon are made of rocks, and rocks are made of elemental compounds. These elements are essentially microscopic particles. If quantum effects really exist, then these microscopic particles should also be in a state of probability distribution. In other words, Say, if something happens and no one is observing the moon, the microscopic particles that make up the moon will turn back into a probability cloud, and the moon may fall apart the next time you look at it. Can I understand it this way?"

Augustine's theory made several mages present fall into deep thought. Although Reiner said that since some theories are only established under macroscopic low-speed conditions, it is naturally possible that there are theories that are only established under microscopic high-speed conditions, and Quantum theory is obviously only observable in the microscopic realm.

But Augustine’s statement made people pay attention to one thing, that is, macroscopic objects are composed of microscopic particles, so why do microscopic effects not affect the macroscopic world? If there is really such a thing between microscopic and macroscopic The dividing line, what on earth is this?

In fact, after thinking about it, many people have discovered that the dividing line between macro and micro is not clear. People cannot distinguish whether something is macro or micro. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish the criteria mentioned by Reiner.

"For systems composed of single microscopic particles, quantum effects exist, but for macroscopic systems like the moon, quantum effects do not exist, at least in our current observations, they do not exist."

Reiner paused and continued.

"I believe you have noticed that my description of the probability cloud is a wave function. It is precisely because the particles show considerable volatility that it leads to the emergence of various strange phenomena. Therefore, if you really want to find a simple distinction The method, I think, should be the Iagra wave size of the problem we study and the corresponding object. Simply put, it is the category of whether the object shows obvious volatility."

Seeing that some mages had not yet reacted, Reiner explained.

"For example, if we want to study the operation of a planet, the size of the Ingle wave corresponding to this planet is extremely small, so it will naturally not show volatility. But if we study an electron crossing a double slit, then the Ingle wave corresponding to the electron will The wave size is close to that of a double slit, and the electrons exhibit wave properties, so quantum effects need to be taken into account.”

He stood up and simply sketched out some calculation formulas in mid-air.

"To explain Mr. Augustine's question mathematically, we assume that the probability of a particle appearing here is X and follows its wave function probability distribution. Then for a macroscopic object, it contains nearly infinite particles. , then the probability of this macroscopic object appearing here is the product of positive infinity and Therefore, quantum effects on macroscopic objects can be considered non-existent."

After hearing Reiner's explanation, Augustine reluctantly accepted it. He closed his eyes and motioned for Reiner to continue.

"Please wait, Reiner."

At this time, Lord Braggs suddenly spoke, making everyone's nerves tense again.

"I still have a question. If we design a magic array that contains a quantum system, such as an atom that may decay, this system presents two possibilities. One is that the atom decays and releases a particle, and the other is that the atom decays and releases a particle. It does not decay and does not release particles."

Lord Braggs said, and with a move of his finger, a box made of light appeared on the table in front of him.

"If a quantum system releases particles,

Then this particle will trigger a poison gas device, making the box full of poison gas. In the box, there is a kitten. If the poison gas spreads, it will die. "

In the box made of light, a mimic kitten appeared, licking its paws flexibly and innocently.

"The problem is this, the quantum system may release a particle that kills the kitten, or it may not, and the kitten is fine. If we make an observation, the wave function of the quantum system composed of atoms that may decay will change because of the observed behavior. And collapse, the kitten will either die or live, but the question is, what if we don't observe it?"

Lord Braggs' words did not cause any waves at first, but soon Lord Alberton was suddenly startled, his face became solemn, and he said immediately.

"If no observation is made, then whether the atom decays is just a probability expression, and the life and death of the cat is also a probability. According to the assumptions of quantum theory, the cat should be in a superposition state of life and death at this moment, and once it is carried out Observation, the wave function of the quantum system will collapse immediately, and the cat’s life or death will be determined the moment the box is opened!”

"How can this be!!?"

Regens stood up immediately, because this was completely contrary to logical thinking, just like tossing a coin. Although it is also a probability event, people know that the coin that lands can only be one of heads or tails. It was something that had already been decided.

But at this moment, Mr. Braggs' cat showed people such a scene. As long as the box is closed, the cat will be in a quantum superposition state, in a state of superposition of life and death. But once the box is opened, the cat will be in a state of quantum superposition. Life and death will be determined instantly with the collapse of the wave function!

Lord Braggs's hypothesis is extremely cunning, because according to Reiner, quantum effects only exist in the microscopic range, while the life and death of a cat is obviously a macroscopic event. Lord Braggs' cat combines the microscopic quantum system with the macroscopic cat's life and death. Together, it can be said that it is an advanced version of what Augustine just mentioned about whether the moon exists due to observation.

In this hypothesis, Mr. Braggs transferred the quantum effects of the microscopic system to the macroscopic system through clever methods, so that quantum effects also appeared in the macroscopic system.

If you accept quantum theory, then you must accept this half-dead cat. If you do not accept the superposition of life and death in this cat, then you do not accept quantum theory.

At the same time, the macroscopic quantum effects displayed by this cat are also a huge doubt for many of Reiner's explanations.

After everyone understood Lord Braggs' thought experiment, they subconsciously looked at Reiner.

They're looking for an explanation.