Paranormal incident investigation notes

Lu Ming saw that Researcher Hu Xiaozheng in front of him was obviously startled, as if he didn't understand, and repeated the word: "Future?"

"Yes." Lu Ming said: "Just like the explanation of virtual particle pairs, it is actually similar to the world outside the black hole borrowing mass from the black hole. Is it possible that this abnormally increased mass is borrowed from the future? 'Quality?'"

Traditional theory holds that black holes can only enter but not exit. Because at the event horizon, that is, at the edge of the black hole, the black hole's gravity is so strong that its escape velocity even exceeds the speed of light.

The speed of light is the upper limit of speed in the universe. No object with mass can move at the speed of light, let alone exceed it.

Lu Ming highly suspected that he had experienced faster-than-light travel in some previous cases. But he and the scientists at the research office all believed that it was through some mechanism that "bypassed" the upper limit of the speed of light. In other words, although there is indeed faster-than-light travel, the existence of an upper limit to the speed of light still exists.

Based on this, traditional theory holds that black holes can only go in and out. But this violates other physical laws, such as the law of blackbody radiation.

The smaller the black hole, the higher the temperature. There must be black holes in the universe whose temperature exceeds the temperature of the cosmic background radiation. The law of black body radiation holds that temperature must pass from high to low, so a black hole with a higher temperature must also radiate energy into the universe.

But isn’t a black hole only accessible but not accessible? How can we radiate energy if we can only get in and out?

A scientist named Hawking eventually developed a theory called "Hawking Radiation". He believes that black holes can radiate energy to the outside world through the process of Hawking radiation.

This involves the pairs of virtual particles produced by vacuum fluctuations.

The virtual particle pair is "virtual" because it does not actually exist and cannot be observed by people - people can only observe real particles, so once a virtual particle is observed, it is no longer a virtual particle.

The reason why we need to come up with the concept of "virtual particle pairs" is out of mathematical needs. In the mathematical process, it is very useful to perform relevant calculations according to the concept of virtual particles, so it is a convention to use pairs of virtual particles to describe the process.

A virtual particle pair has two particles, one with positive mass and one with negative mass. Around the black hole, virtual particles with negative mass will fall into the black hole, thus causing the black hole's mass to decrease.

After a virtual particle with negative mass falls into a black hole, the virtual particle with positive mass will become a particle that can be observed and escape outward.

As a result, the phenomenon of "black holes also radiate energy outwards" is created, which not only satisfies the law of black body radiation, but does not violate the determination that "black holes can only enter but not exit".

——Nothing comes out of the black hole, only particles with negative mass fall into the black hole.

But this process, in essence, is that "the outside world 'borrows' part of the mass from the black hole through a certain process."

From this, Lu Ming had a guess. If a part of the mass can be borrowed from the outside world through a certain mechanism, is it possible that there is also a mechanism that can "borrow" a part of the mass now and in the future?

Researcher Hu Xiaozheng thought for a while and smiled: "Well, that's a very interesting guess.

Some quantum gravity theories also speculate that time may be discontinuous or even quantum. That is, we may also be able to describe the physical properties of such 'time particles' and predict their behavior through some kind of theory, or even use some kind of means to influence and change them.

Moreover, black holes are the most mysterious and strange objects in the universe. We currently have no theory that can cover the environment inside a black hole. What kind of physical theory does a black hole follow? Is it even possible to produce so-called 'time particles'? We can't be sure of the connection.

From this point of view, your conjecture is also possible. "

Lu Ming nodded. Researcher Hu Xiaozheng then spread his hands: "But it has no value."

"no value?"

"Yes." Researcher Hu Xiaozheng showed no mercy to Lu Ming: "There are countless fantastic ideas about physics appearing in the world every day. I have to admit that many of these fantastic ideas are possible. . But... we have no way to verify it. The development of experimental physics is too backward and cannot keep up with the progress of theoretical physics. It is impossible to verify it in the foreseeable future.

Just like superstring theory, some of the speculations in it need to be verified. Even if we increase the energy of the existing particle collider by 100 times, it will not meet the requirements of the verification environment.

There are so many fantastic ideas, and your guess is just one of them. What value do you think it has? "

Lu Ming thought for a while and nodded in agreement: "That's true. Generally speaking, my conjecture is that 'there is a certain possibility, but it is impossible to confirm or falsify'."

"Yes. However, if we continue to extend this conjecture, it would be quite interesting."

Researcher Hu Xiaozheng said enthusiastically: "If this conjecture is true, then first of all, the particles, or energy, in the future are 'borrowed' to the present, which seems to mean that the phenomenon of going back in time has occurred. This is consistent with the existing theory It’s a violation. However, the possibility of time reversal at the micro level has not been completely denied..."

Lu Ming knew that in fact, the existing physical theories at the bottom of science did not confirm that time could not be turned back.

Just like two small balls colliding and then bouncing away - this process strictly follows the laws of physics. But if this process is photographed and then played backwards, that is, the process is reversed, then the reverse process also follows the laws of physics and does not violate it at all.

Physical theory does not say that going back in time is impossible.

What makes reversing time unfeasible is actually the law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics involves statistical mechanics, which is a theory at a macro level.

But...it does not actually deny the possibility of time reversal at the micro level.

Hu Xiaozheng thought about it and continued slowly: "However, when particles return from the future to the present, it also involves a multi-universe interpretation, which is even more complicated... This explanation involves too many preconditions, and the possibility of it being established is very low. ."

To agree with this conjecture, you must first confirm that the phenomenon of time reversal in the microscopic world does exist, and you must also confirm that the multiverse interpretation is indeed true. You must also confirm some other conjectures. After all are true, the conjecture that particles return from the future to the present can be established.

This obviously reduces the possibility of this conjecture.

After all, if the probability of a bomb appearing on a plane is assumed to be one in two million, the probability of two bombs is reduced to one in two million squared, which is only one in four trillion. .

——This is the origin of the famous joke "How to reduce the probability of a bomb on the plane when flying? The answer is to bring a bomb on the plane yourself first."

Going back to the conjecture at this moment, assuming that the probability of the phenomenon of time reversal in the microscopic world actually exists is one in a thousand, and the probability of the multiverse interpretation being true is also one in a thousand. After these two conjectures are established, "particles return from the future to the present" Only if the conjecture is true, then the probability of it being true drops to less than one in a million.

"The conjecture that 'part of the mass is borrowed from the future now' may have another explanation besides 'time goes back in the future world and particles return from the future to the present.'" Lu Ming said: "Fate?"

"You mean..."

"Suppose now we borrow a part of the mass from the future, resulting in an abnormal increase in mass in the experiment at this moment. But in fact, the future world does not exist at this moment. This moment just determines a fate: at a certain time in the future , some quality must disappear out of thin air.

In this way, overall, mass and energy are still conserved. The only difference is that the rest of the particles that transfer force run in space, while the particles that transfer this force run in time. "

Researcher Hu Xiaozheng scratched his head: "Fermions constitute matter, and bosons transmit force. So this conjecture seems to confirm that time has quantum properties? And the time particle is a boson? This, this...

Hmm, very interesting. "

He could only say one very interesting thing. After all, there is no way to verify it.

"But...I have a new idea."

Hu Xiaozheng sat up straight again in an instant: "This kind of fatalistic expression is likely to be contrary to the uncertainty principle. After all, the bottom layer of the universe is random, and what the future will look like is theoretically unpredictable.

I have a conjecture that does not violate the uncertainty principle. Is it possible that at this moment, the fate of "the abnormal increase in mass, which determines that part of the mass will disappear out of thin air in the future", actually only determines this fate, but does not determine the specific way to "realize" this fate?

Just like, the quality we add at the moment is borrowed from the future. After a certain period of time, after the future arrives, the part of the quality that disappears out of thin air may come from you, it may come from me, it may come from this table, or from this floor. , from this wall…

Where it comes from, we cannot predict now. We will only know after a series of random processes, when it actually happens.

In this way, it does not violate the uncertainty principle, and the possibility of establishing it is greatly increased. "

Lu Ming nodded thoughtfully. Suddenly, he suddenly raised his head and stared straight at Hu Xiaozheng, his eyes full of shock and a little... joy.

He seemed to have thought of something.

Hu Xiaozheng was a little baffled. He touched his face suspiciously, and after confirming that there were no grains of rice on it, he asked, "Chief Lu? What's wrong with you?"

Lu Ming woke up from his deep thoughts. He took a long breath and stood up.

"Thank you, Professor Hu. Your conjecture is very inspiring to me. I have learned a lot."

Hu Xiaozheng said coquettishly: "Oh, really?"

He himself didn't know what the use of the things he said and the conjectures he made were.

Isn't this just casual chatting and guessing? Could this thing be useful?

Lu Ming stretched out his hand and shook hands with Hu Xiaozheng solemnly: "Yes. It is of great use. That's it for today. When I have time, I look forward to chatting with you about these conjectures again."

After saying goodbye, Lu Ming turned and left.

"Wait a minute!"

Hu Xiaozheng stood up and called Lu Ming. Lu Ming turned around, waiting for his words. But Hu Xiaozheng was mumbling, his face was turning red, he wanted to say something, but couldn't.

Finally, he sighed and said angrily: "Uh, it's okay, then, goodbye."

Lu Ming felt a little funny. He knew that Hu Xiaozheng must want to ask him what the use of his previous conjectures was, but due to the confidentiality regulations, he knew that he would definitely refuse him. It was not appropriate for him to ask, so he could only suppress his curiosity. go back.

Lu Ming could tell that this Hu Xiaozheng was a very curious person. With this question in his mind, he might not be able to sleep well in the next few days.

Lu Ming felt a little guilty. After thinking for a while, he said: "Professor Hu, is there anything missing from your research? Equipment, funding, etc. That's it. Our security department has a budget this year. I can try to apply for it. If it can be approved, , we can sponsor a fund for your research. Although it’s not much, it’s still a little bit of our gratitude.”

When he heard that there was sponsorship available, Hu Xiaozheng perked up, and his previous curiosity immediately disappeared: "If there is sponsorship, it would be a big help to me. Chief Lu, you may not know that these days, the most lacking Funding is for basic physics research like ours..."

Lu Ming felt funny in his heart.

Which discipline can be like basic physics research, which requires huge projects at every turn, and building a particle collider requires tens of billions or hundreds of billions of investment? If we really liberalize research, the GDP of all mankind will not be enough to invest. Will there be no shortage of funds?

Of course, the sponsorship Lu Ming promised was only in the order of hundreds of thousands at most, so it couldn't be too much. This amount of money can't handle big things, but small things, such as holding a seminar and reimbursing travel expenses, can be done. Operations Team 2 can still get it.

"Someone will contact you later to confirm the sponsorship."

"Oh, thank you, thank you, thank you so much."

Hu Xiaozheng was full of gratitude. Just chatting casually and guessing about something can attract sponsorship. The more things like this, the better.

After leaving the particle collision laboratory, Lu Ming was not in a hurry to go back, but dialed Lu Qingliang's number again.

After first telling Lu Qingliang about the sponsorship fee and asking him to handle it, Lu Ming added: "Please help me contact the 'Black Hole Hunters' organization. I have some things that I need them to do. And... we may You have to get another sponsorship fee, which may be quite a lot. Be mentally prepared. I will report it to the captain, and you will have to report it to Director Li if necessary."