Reborn Technology Scholar

Chapter 298 Transport Aircraft Review (2/2)

Strategic transport aircraft are divided into three grades, 600-ton class, 400-ton class and 200-ton class!

There is only one 600-ton class transport aircraft, and that is the An-225 ‘Dream’ transport aircraft. The aircraft has a take-off weight of 640 tons and a load capacity of more than 300 tons.

There are two 400-ton strategic transport aircraft, namely the American C-5 'Galaxy' transport aircraft and the An-124. The C-5 'Galaxy' transport aircraft has a maximum take-off weight of 379 tons and a load capacity of 129.3 tons. The An-124' Lu

The maximum take-off weight of the Silan' transport aircraft is 405 tons, and the load capacity reaches 150 tons.

China's Y-9 transport aircraft cannot actually be called a strategic transport aircraft. Its maximum take-off weight is only 65 tons and its load capacity is only 20 tons. It is a medium-sized medium-range transport aircraft with a load capacity of 20 tons.

China's real strategic transport aircraft is actually only the Y-20. The Y-20 has a maximum take-off weight of 220 tons and a load capacity of 60 tons. This transport aircraft made its first test flight in 2013 and is not yet in service.

The Y-20 also had an ill-fated fate. As early as 1993, XAC began the preliminary demonstration of a large transport aircraft and invested 3 billion in preparations. In 1997, XAC proposed to the military a plan to develop a large military transport aircraft. In 2001, it proposed the construction of a large transport aircraft.

XAC's strategic plan is to develop and produce 200-ton large aircraft as its goal, significantly improve aviation manufacturing technology and processing capabilities, and achieve a major leap in the development and production of 100-ton to 200-ton aircraft.

From the premise demonstration in 1993 to the successful first flight in 2013, the development time of the Y-20 took a full 20 years, with more than 30 billion yuan invested in research and development, and the aerospace engine had to be from Russia.

Nowadays, the Y-30 transport aircraft that Qin Yuanqing has come up with is still 200 tons, but its load capacity has been greatly increased. It is almost twice as big as the Y-20, and its range is also twice as long. It is also a model with independent property rights.

The transport aircraft, including a series of core technologies such as aero engines, are all owned by China.

If strategic transport aircraft were not divided into 200-ton class, 400-ton class, and 600-ton class, it would actually be most appropriate for the Y-30 to be classified into the 300-ton class, rather than the 200-ton class with the Y-20.

The aircraft engine successfully passed the review, and next came the structural part of the Y-30 transport aircraft, which Qin Yuanqing personally participated in.

"The Y-30 adopts the conventional layout of a large transport aircraft. The wing is a cantilevered upper single wing with a leading edge sweep angle of 25 degrees. The NASA winglet is 2.90 meters high. The cantilevered T-shaped tail has the connection point between the vertical stabilizer and the fuselage facing forward.

There is a small dorsal fin extending, the embedded rudder is divided into upper and lower sections, and the elevator is divided into two sections. The vertical tail has a special design, and there is a tunnel-shaped space inside, which allows a maintenance personnel to climb through to perform overhead operations.

Maintenance of the horizontal tail. Hydraulically retractable front three-point landing gear, reliable gravity emergency free release. The front landing gear has two wheels, and the main landing gear has 6 wheels. The front landing gear is retracted forward into the fuselage, and the main landing gear rotates 90°

It is retracted into the fairings on both sides of the fuselage and can be used on paved or unpaved runways. The landing gear is equipped with a carbon brake device." Qin Yuanqing pointed to the aircraft model, then turned on the computer, and a very clear three-dimensional diagram appeared on the computer.

and animation simulation.

Compared with aircraft design in the 20th century, which relied on manual drawing, or computer-assisted and manual drawing as the mainstay, industrial software has been developed to this day, and both structural mechanics calculations and drawings have been greatly reduced.

workload and improved research and development progress.

Why in the past, the data involved in aircraft design were just a few train skins? It was because there were too many drawings and data involved, but now it is different. A few train skins data may be 1g or 2g drawings when worked on the computer.

.

"If necessary, the Y-30 can make a short-term emergency landing on unmaintained roads. It is precisely for this reason that the design index of the landing gear is very high, extraordinarily strong and earthquake-resistant! In addition to the traditional shock-absorbing struts of the main landing gear

In addition to the hydro-pneumatic shock absorber, it also adopts a front and rear double strut configuration. Each pillar is equipped with three main wheels. When landing, the three main wheels of the rear longer shock absorber strut land first. When the pressure reaches 90 degrees, the front shock absorber

The three main wheels of the earthquake props will land again." Qin Yuanqing said.

Others gasped, not expecting Y-30 to have such considerations.

Strategic transport aircraft are different from civilian passenger aircraft. Civilian large passenger aircraft pursue safety, comfort, and economy, while strategic transport aircraft require durability and meet the special environmental requirements of the battlefield.

The reason why the Il-76 and C-17 Global Overlord are famous all over the world is because these two strategic transport aircraft are very durable. Even if there is no runway, they can land in deserts and grasslands in emergency situations.

On the battlefield, there is often no time to properly build a runway, nor are there the conditions.

In fact, compared with the original C-17 Globemaster, the current Y-30 transport aircraft has a fuselage structure that uses a large amount of alloy materials and review materials. The weight of the aircraft is reduced by 30%, but the structural strength of the aircraft is

It's much higher.

This is the advantage of latecomers. With the development of the times, materials have made rapid progress, leading to the application of new materials, which can improve the performance of the fuselage. For example, the performance of the landing gear has improved a lot. It is based on this that we can significantly improve the performance of the fuselage.

Increase load capacity.

After Qin Yuanqing finished his introduction, the experts asked questions one by one. For some simple questions, Qin Yuanqing directly ignored them and let them check the calculations by themselves. For some valuable questions, Qin Yuanqing answered them one by one.

The entire fuselage structure review lasted for a whole day, with Qin Yuanqing taking the lead, and Harbin Institute of Technology, and Beihang University as the auxiliaries.

What follows is the review of the avionics system. There are three medium-sized LCD monitors in the cabin that are spliced ​​together to form a large LCD monitor. After being synthesized with a special algorithm, the three monitors can jointly display large dynamic images. It can be said that this is also the era.

The advantage of development is that at this time, after all, display technology is far from what it was in the 1980s and 1990s. Today’s display technology is much more advanced.

Through the integration of computers, one can monitor the dynamics of the aircraft in real time, including engine status, flight speed, etc., and will be alerted as soon as there is a problem in any part. And there is one difference, that is, the Beidou navigation system has been introduced.

, you can use Beidou for navigation.

For example, the shared integrated processor on the Y-20 has a computing speed of 100 billion times per second, which is also a very big reform and innovation.

Some people may think that 100 billion times/second is very low, but you must know that this is for military use. All process standards for military computer chips are higher than those for civilian use, and they even use sapphire substrates. They must be resistant to high temperatures, low temperatures, and sudden temperature changes, as well as

radiation.

Military computers have an obvious feature, which is durability. Ordinary civilian computers cannot compare with military computers.

Otherwise, when the aircraft is flying at a very fast speed at an altitude of 10,000 meters, its avionics system suddenly crashes, which is simply very fatal.

In this aspect, it can be said that it adopts China's most advanced avionics system design. The avionics system alone is much higher than that of fourth-generation aircraft.

In this regard, many experts have put forward conservative opinions. For example, regarding the use of monitors, they feel that mature military monitors can be used. Monitors like the Y-30 are brand-new technologies and cannot be guaranteed in application.

However, Qin Yuanqing argued that if everything was conservative, many new technologies would not be applied or verified, and they would not even have the courage to try, so how to promote the development of technology.

Finally, there is the transportation design. The huge space allows the Y-30 to carry two 96 main battle tanks at the same time for battlefield delivery. It can also carry 250 infantry at the same time, and can directly carry out the troop projection of two companies.

Moreover, the Y-30 adheres to the characteristics of the C-17 Global Dominator. It can transport and unload materials in the rear cabin at the same time. Various air-lifted vehicles can be driven directly into the cabin. There are parachute hatches on both sides of the tail of the fuselage.

, there are two water landing emergency exits on the top of the tail fuselage and on the top of the fuselage in front of the wings.

There is one thing that Y-30 is better than Y-20, that is, the engine power is greater, but the fuel consumption is about the same. The original engine's fuel consumption was too high, twice that of Y-20. But now it is reduced through new technology

In addition to fuel consumption, the usage cost of Y-30 is slightly higher than that of Y-20.

The cost of use is also a cost that transport aircraft must consider.

"According to our budget, the cost of each Y-30 is 800 million yuan, which is about 130 million U.S. dollars!" Regarding the cost of the Y-30, an estimate was also given.

The Y-30 uses many new materials, such as titanium alloys, such as nickel alloys, and many review materials, making the cost of the Y-30 very high. Of course, compared with the cost per aircraft of the American C-17 'Global Dominator'

US$250 million is still a lot cheaper.

American products are good, but one aspect is very bad, that is, they are expensive. No matter what product they are, they are always much more expensive.

And some products will not be sold to you even if you have money!

This cost is actually similar to that of the Y-20, because the Y-20 uses the D-30kp2 engine. According to the 2010 Russian Saturn Engine Company procurement contract, there are 224 D-30kp2 engines, totaling US$657 million, with an average of

The engine costs 3 million US dollars. The Y-20 needs to be equipped with four D-30kp2 engines, which means that the engine alone costs 12 million US dollars.

However, the Y-30 aero engine can be produced by itself, which can virtually reduce the cost.

Otherwise, according to American standards, the cost of the Y-30 is estimated to be 300 to 350 million US dollars!

The RMB is currently in a stage of continuous appreciation. Last year, the average exchange rate was 6.144 RMB per U.S. dollar. In the first half of this year, the exchange rate stayed at 5.98 RMB.

However, because China is accelerating its progress towards mid-to-high-end manufacturing, China's exports once again hit a record high, reaching 350 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 30%, setting a new historical record. China's imported crude oil alone now exceeds

200 billion US dollars.

It can be said that the cost of the Y-30 is definitely quite gratifying and is within the acceptable range of the Air Force. And everyone knows that with mass production, the cost will drop significantly. After all, once some things are mass-produced, the price

Naturally, it has also been reduced.