Road to science and technology

After finishing the book "Gravitons", Yue Yuanzhou took some time off. Of course, leisure is relative, it just means that there are a lot less things than during the previous experiment.

There is still something to do now, but it's just not as urgent.

In fact, he was already planning to leave. After all, there was really nothing to miss in this dark universe. It's just that Carl is still using badminton civilization to study death, so he plans to wait.

When the small universe was destroyed, the violent gravitational waves would not reach this location for about five years, so Carl still had time to study it.

Yue Yuanzhou is not in a hurry. It will only take a few years. When the civilization is swallowed by the black hole, he will make plans. Moreover, Feng Lei is still eight thousand light years away.

After Karl finishes his research, he can go fishing for Feng Lei, and then he can leave this universe.

During this period of time, Yue Yuanzhou has not been doing nothing. He has recently been conceiving a theoretical model of a unified theory. After he figured out the graviton, a unified theory is no longer a mirage.

Since Maxwell unified the two interactions of electricity and magnetism, people have embarked on the road to the unification of forces, which revealed that almost all macroscopic objects in our lives behave as electromagnetic forces.

Whether it is friction or thrust, pressure, elasticity, resistance... they are essentially electromagnetic forces.

Even light is an electromagnetic wave and one of the manifestations of electromagnetic force. From electric fields and magnetic fields to lightning and thunder, to slipping when walking, everything is the result of electromagnetic interaction.

In fact, the original form of matter should be very simple, just like the binary permutation and combination programming used by computers to run.

The world we see is actually complex. We cannot see electromagnetic waves, but we can feel light, and light is indeed electromagnetic waves.

This is not a contradiction. We only see a small range of frequencies in light, and the physical objects we see are the reactions of the cells in the eyes to the reflection of light in these bands.

The brain then imagines the object based on the signals received by the eyes.

From this we can know that what we actually see is not the essence of matter, so it also appears in some movies. A person who can see electromagnetic waves usually has all kinds of incredible magical feelings.

So electromagnetic force, this powerful force is in the hands of humans.

In the 1960s, scientists had proposed the electroweak unified theory to unify the weak interaction force and the electromagnetic interaction force. This unified model can explain various phenomena of the weak interaction force and the electromagnetic force interaction respectively. Later experiments proved the correctness of this theory.

In addition to gravity, the three basic forces have been unified. Today's greatest scientist Yang Zhenning and Mills proposed the Yang-Mills equation, which mathematically explained the electromagnetic force and introduced field theory. It delicately used quantum mechanics to explain the connected motions between microscopic particles. Based on it, the standard model of particle physics emerged, unifying the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces at once.

It has long been known that gluons are particles that carry the strong interaction between quarks. Photons are gauge particles that transmit electromagnetic interactions, while W and Z bosons are media particles that mediate weak interactions.

But now Yue Yuanzhou has found the medium particle of gravity, the graviton.

What he is doing now is to understand the relationship between gravity and the other three forces. Yue Yuanzhou believes that incorporating gravity into this relationship does not mean blending the four forces into one force called a unified force.

"Unified power?" Yue Yuanzhou couldn't help but think about this possibility.

At 10~-35 seconds after the Big Bang, the same field of the universe differentiated into four basic forces. This concept drives people to continue to seek a grand unified theory, although the road is difficult.

According to this conjecture, gravity and the other three basic forces should be different manifestations of the same force. If at the beginning of the universe, the first thing generated was gravity instead of the unity of the four basic forces, this would be more accurate. It is conducive to the unification of the four basic forces.

Gravity is the first force generated. According to the principle of symmetry, antigravity is also generated at the same time. Gravity and antigravity are contradictory and unified, and they are equal in the universe.

Then, as time went by, the symmetry of gravity and antigravity in the universe began to be destroyed, and antigravity differentiated into electromagnetic interaction, weak interaction and strong interaction. The three basic interaction forces are all anti-gravity forces, and they are three different expressions of anti-gravity. This is very similar to the unity of the electromagnetic force and the weak interaction force, which are different manifestations of the electroweak force.

From the unity of gravity and anti-gravity, we have obtained the unity of the basic forces of the universe. It can be said that we have found the origin of force.

So it can be seen from here that by blending the four basic forces into a force called great unification, Yue Yuanzhou believes that this should be the ultimate great unification, and he is now considered a primary unifying force.

Yue Yuanzhou feels that this is too difficult. With his current understanding of gravitons, he sees the hope of coordinating gravity and the other three forces. This is the model he is currently studying.

In this model, he can make these four basic forces work in harmony with each other at the same time, but he cannot make them four into one. Should it be gravity or gravity, and should it be electromagnetic force or electromagnetic force.

Of course, it is different from before. According to this model, he can let the four basic forces perform their duties within a certain range to form a force field. Each force in this force field is set by the computer according to the model. operation.

And for the energy supply of this force field, he can use the same energy to support it. If it were in the past, to generate the gravitational effect, he would have to use warp crystals to provide energy, to generate weak nuclear force, he would have to get some decaying matter, and for electromagnetic force, he would have to build an electromagnetic field and so on. But now there is no need at all, because the force field after the operation of this model is a field in which the four basic forces coexist harmoniously and can be controlled.

This force field is of course useful. With this model, Yue Yuanzhou's soul cannon can no longer use the inert neutrino diversion probe. Instead, it can be directly replaced with this force field to perfectly and accurately control countless inert neutrinos. motion trajectories, and can instantly give them a maximum initial velocity.

The same is true for other particles. In other words, if he wants to carry out particle matching now, he does not need to build a super large particle collider, nor does he need to build a collider that is thirty astronomical units long like the previous one. .

With this force field that combines the four basic forces, he can use this force field to accelerate particles to extremely high speeds at any time.

Just when Yue Yuanzhou was leaning on the sofa and tinkering with the model in front of the holographic screen, he suddenly saw Karl walking in, so he raised his head: "Old Karl, don't you want to study your death anymore? By the way, you came just in time. , come and see my latest achievements!”

Now Yue Yuanzhou also felt that the model he was planning to build after discovering gravitons was somewhat different from the real four-in-one model, so when he saw Karl, a great scholar, come in, he asked him to take a look. He wanted to know what Karl thought about this. view.

Karl, who had just entered the square, nodded, then raised his hand and a holographic projection frame was formed in front of him. Inside was the latest information passed over by Yue Yuanzhou, including the book "Gravitons" and the current model. Construction assumptions and functional assumptions achieved by the model.

As Karl walked, the projection screen in front of him moved with him, always maintaining a moderate distance so that he could watch without delaying his walking.

"The research on death is not something that happens overnight, but I didn't expect that your side is progressing quite quickly!"

After Carl finished speaking, he quickly browsed. Before, he had always thought that the research on gravity could not produce results so quickly, especially the grand unified theory. Because he was not very good at this aspect, he went back to study his death. Unexpectedly, just over a year later, Yue Yuanzhou actually figured it out and wrote a book.

Karl looked at it for a long time, and he probably asked after reading it: "Is this the unification of the four basic forces?"

Then he continued to praise: "What a great achievement! This model force field can actually accelerate uncharged neutrons!"