Scholar’s Advanced Technological System

In the frontier research field of theoretical physics, for an unpredictable chaotic system, the more common practice is to throw a particle into the path.

The system was observed indirectly by observation of the particles.

In fact, Lu Zhou proposed this experimental idea, largely due to his earlier work experience in ern.

If the whole system in which the plasma is located is regarded as a billiard table in a black box, and the plasma is used as a billiard on the table, then there is nothing better than "playing a shot out" in a fixed direction. The situation on the clearing table.

As for the particles that are used as "white balls", there is no more suitable than 氦3.

First of all, its atomic diameter is small enough, three consists of two protons and one neutron, which is close to the atomic mass of helium, and the nuclear structure is more stable! Not only is it possible to avoid indistinguishable multi-atomic collisions in the sense of probability, but it is also easier to pass through the plasma.

In order to reach the temperature at which the fusion reaction occurs between 氦3 and 氘, at least one hundred times of the existing temperature and electromagnetic field can be satisfied, so even if it is finally used on a star-like device, it is basically negligible to participate in fusion. React this situation.

So, using 氦3 to do this experiment is a perfect fit!

Considering the number of particles in the entire plasma system, the perturbation of a 氦3 atom to the entire system is almost negligible. After all, throwing an atom into the whole system can be much smaller than inserting a probe!

The 氦3 atoms passing through the plasma collide with the particles in the system, and the electromagnetic waves generated in the collision act as "sounds", which are heard by the observation device connected to the outside of the device. Based on these data, the macroscopic inside the plasma can be analyzed. Microscopic parameters.

After that, the 氦3 atoms passing through the plasma will collide with the target material, and the impact data will be fed back while detaching from the entire system.

As long as the plasma is emitted as the "detector" of the 氦3 atom, and then the electromagnetic wave data generated by the collision and the impact data collected on the target material are collected, Lu Zhou is confident that it can be indirectly analyzed by mathematical methods. 3 Disturbance in the plasma system, which indirectly reverses the various properties of the system itself.

If you say this too abstract, you can make a simple analogy.

We measure the refractive index of water. If the water itself is directly studied, the whole experiment is undoubtedly complicated. However, if a beam of light is injected into the water and the refractive index is calculated by observing the change in the angle between the light and the interface, the whole experiment becomes much simpler.

Lu Zhou's experimental idea is to use the 氦3 particles as the light that enters the plasma!

"...we only need to set up a large palm-shaped target material on the first wall of the imitation star to capture the 氦3 particles emitted from the atomic gun, which can be generated by recording the collision of 氦3 with 氚 atoms in the emission cycle. The electromagnetic wave signal, and the data of the carrying energy and the impact angular momentum when the final 撞击3 hits the target, indirectly analyze the data carried by the plasma under the high temperature pressure state!"

"I will not say if this can be done," stared at Lu Zhou, Professor Lazelson said seriously. "Are you sure you have the data and processed them? If we launch n particles, the variables involved It will be more than n n powers! Also consider that the plasma itself is disturbed by the magnetic field..."

When the variables of a physical model are large enough, it will be a calculation that the supercomputer cannot do.

However, Professor Lazerson’s words did not intimidate Lu Zhou.

In a positive tone, Lu Zhou answered Professor Lazelson’s question: “Others know that I am not sure, but I have more than 90% confidence.”

There are two concepts to building a mathematical model and solving a mathematical model. Although this variable looks very large, in fact, those things that require super-calculations are a headache.

If you only build a theoretical model, Lu Zhou is quite confident about his ability.

There was a slight hesitation in his eyes, and Professor Lazerson still could not believe the decision.

In theory, this idea seems to work, but the premise is that Lu Zhou can complete the theoretical model that he promised, based on the electromagnetic waves excited by the three atoms.

If the collected data cannot be used effectively, even if they succeed in the end, it will only be a waste of effort.

Data that cannot be used is better than the "noise" in the experiment.

"...give me a reason to believe that you can do it."

"Goldbach guessed enough?"

Professor Lazelson categorically said: "Not enough! It only shows that you are an expert in the field of number theory, and it means nothing to me!"

“What is the theoretical model of the electrochemical interface structure?” Seeing Professor Razerson subconsciously intends to refute, Lu Zhou immediately rushed in front of him and said, “I know what you want to say, which proves at most that I am in computational chemistry and theoretical chemistry. Strength does not explain the same research for plasma, right?"

Professor Lazelson did not speak, but his eyes have already explained his thoughts.

Lu Zhou did not feel discouraged and continued.

"But what I want to tell you is that the things I have studied are, in the final analysis, the processing of data, and the size of the data I have processed is not much smaller than the amount of data we are about to face!"

This time, Professor Lazelson did not speak, but fell silent and seemed to be thinking.

Seeing that he did not speak, Lu Zhou continued to say next to him.

"Believe me, it sounds difficult, but it is not difficult to solve! All we have done is to insert a probe called 氦3 into the plasma. The only thing that sounds ridiculous is that it The volume is only one atom."

"If we succeeded..."

After a moment of pause, Lu Zhou stared at his eyes and said seriously, "This is undoubtedly a Nobel Prize-winning invention."

The Nobel Prize is not just a reward for great theoretical discoveries, it is also worthy of rewarding major inventions that change human civilization.

For example, just this year, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, announced in October 17th, was awarded to the three scholars who invented the cryo-electron microscope, because biologists really watered a lot of papers based on their inventions.

As Mr. Qiu Lao's sentence, if you can establish a certain observation method, directly observe the macroscopic and microscopic parameters of the plasma system under high temperature pressure, and the driving effect on the whole plasma physics is huge.

Moreover, this technology will undoubtedly promote the development of the entire controllable nuclear fusion project!

"This sounds..."

The glasses on the bridge of the nose were removed, and Professor Lazerson took the glasses from his pocket with a trembling finger, constantly rubbing against the lens.

The more the lens shines, the more the pupils in the lens become more and more excited.

However, he has been unable to make this idea.

After waiting for nearly ten minutes, Lu Zhou looked at the watch.

Just as Lu Zhou’s shoulders were loose and he was about to give up persuasion and turn to other people to cooperate, Professor Lazelson suddenly put on his glasses again.

When he looked at Lu Zhou again, there was no contempt in the murky sight.

replaced by……

Excited!

"...this sounds interesting, it seems!"

Upon hearing this sentence, Lu Zhou finally sighed with a smile on his face and extended his right hand.

“I am very happy to hear this answer.”

All in all, the answer he got was not "it sounds unrealistic."

......

Convince Professor Lazelson to save a lot of trouble.

Princeton's Plasma Physics Laboratory has world-class standards and has research protocols related to controllable nuclear fusion research units in many countries around the world. Both resources and talents have considerable advantages.

This is not what other research institutions do not have.

If Professor Lazerson is still unwilling, Lu Zhou can only send a letter to the Max Planck Institute, and try to go to the Max Planck Institute of Plasma Physics to study the path of visiting scholars.

As for the money to create a laboratory that is comparable to pppl in research and development capabilities...

And regardless of the scientific research resources that are difficult to buy with money, in short, hundreds of millions of dollars is definitely not enough.

After a cooperative research agreement was reached with Professor Lazelson, in order to facilitate the discussion, Lu Zhou referred to the recommendations of other experts in the institute and named the technology in the middle of the scorpion as “he3 atom probe”.

The name of the project team is more concise and only three characters.

"he-3"

In the next few days, Lu Zhou basically went back and forth between the Institute of Advanced Studies and the Plasma Physics Laboratory, either reading the literature related to plasma research, or Professor Razerson and "he-3". The plasma physics experts and engineers of the project team sat together to exchange views on specific experimental designs.

Obviously, the theoretical research has come to an end, and it has not made Lu Zhou more leisurely. The new work that followed has made him more busy.

Just as Lu Zhou was busy with the "he-3" project, he unwittingly went to the publication of the new edition of the "Year of Mathematics".

The paper he contributed to in the Yearbook of Mathematics also officially met with his peers in the field of partial differential equations.

For the publication of the results of this stage, Lu Zhou did not pay too much attention to the reaction of the mathematics community.

At least in his opinion, this is not a particularly outstanding research result, at most, it only adds a brick to the research of the predecessors.

However, sometimes fate is so wonderful.

What makes Lu Zhou unexpected is that the development of things is exactly the opposite of what he expected.

This stone that he threw himself into the lake did not sink down. Instead, he floated on the calm lake...