Soviet Union 1991

Third update

Although there are constant mistakes in tactics, it still maintains a slightly superior strategic advantage on major strategic issues. Therefore, even if the CIA suffers repeated defeats in international affairs, the Soviet Union can only maintain a strategic balance and may not be able to comprehensively suppress the United States in international affairs. On the contrary, the United States still has the opportunity to find the right opportunity. When the other party reveals its fatal weakness, Solve all your problems once and for all.

That's why Yanayev did not dare to make mistakes or retreat in any battle. If the United States was defeated, it could come back again. The defeat of the Soviet Union may mean that there will be no chance again.

Leon Panetta, who took up the post of White House Chief of Staff, was somewhat dissatisfied with President Mario's arbitrariness in international affairs. When he was the Director of the Office of Budget, he helped formulate the 1993 fiscal budget and succeeded that year. Resolving the budget crisis of the Mario administration. When he was appointed as the White House chief of staff, it happened that at the end of 1995, the Republican-controlled House and Senate were arguing with the White House and Democrats over budget cuts, which led to a federal government shutdown that lasted until early 1996. Panetta, then President Mario's White House chief of staff and chief of staff, helped broker a bipartisan agreement that allowed the federal government to weather the crisis.

In good conscience, Panetta is strong enough to assist the Mario government in handling various international affairs, but the other party has never let him take action. I don't know whether it is out of distrust, or President Mario just wants Panetta's chief of staff to stay in peace. Do your job well.

But how could the ambitious Panetta let go of such an opportunity? Just when President Mario was distressed because he could not find an opportunity to embarrass the Soviet Union, Panetta brought his own plan to President Mario.

Plans for an international ocean treaty.

Not Enough When President Mario picked up the Panetta Plan, he still felt a little baffled. As a signatory but not a ratifier of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the United States had its own considerations. So far, the opinion of the American economic community tends to be that, This convention regards marine resources as the common wealth of mankind and is actually synonymous with public property. This concept of property is seriously contrary to the liberal economic policies of the United States. Moreover, mainstream voices in the economics community believe that public property does not really play a role in protecting resources.

Secondly, there are government factors. Since the United States still has water disputes with Canada and other countries, some American politicians believe that the treaty will harm U.S. sovereignty. Some Americans believe that the Convention actually dedicates a large part of human space, the ocean, to irresponsible and authoritarian UN members, rogue states and failed states for abuse.

The prevailing concept in the American legal community has always been that international law should not restrict the U.S. Congress and government, especially the United Nations and its affiliated agencies, whose members and entities are not formed in a strict democratic manner. Abide by its relevant provisions will only benefit certain countries, but harm the sovereignty of the United States. The United States therefore did not participate in the Rome Convention establishing the International Criminal Court. The U.S. government also believes that an important item of this Convention is to ensure freedom of navigation on the high seas. However, this right has been satisfied at the previous Convention meeting and does not require a new treaty.

After considering various factors, it is excusable that the U.S. Congress does not approve the United States' accession to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. But at this moment, he wanted to hear what Panetta had to say. After all, he was also the White House Chief of Staff, a figure second only to the President of the United States.

President Mario raised many questions in one breath, "The United States is now a maritime power, with rich maritime resources and powerful naval power, so the market concept of free competition is the direction we are pursuing, so I do not want to be an international maritime capital." It constitutes a restriction on our ocean activities, and President Reagan pointed out several of its flaws when he rejected the convention in 1982. What we cannot tolerate in particular is that not only does the International Ocean Management Authority agree that the United States has the right to modify the jump, but it is also possible for foreign competitors to do so. According to the convention, take the United States or the United States Marine Corporation to court.”

This means that if the United States does not join, it can still go rogue without complying with international conventions.

Panetta retorted, "The United States has actually complied with it. The United States ratified the convention of the 1958 conference, and the Reagan administration also used executive orders to, except for retaining a few clauses, generally be willing to abide by this convention. The so-called harm to the United States Sovereignty, or setting a precedent for the expansion of bureaucratic autocracy in international organizations, is not a sufficient reason.”

"If the convention is implemented, navigation in the waters will be guaranteed. In reality, there are more than a hundred important international waters and straits, and their disputes are also obstacles to American ships and trade. If there can be a unified agreement to regulate it, it will be better than the United States one by one. It is much more efficient to sign bilateral agreements with relevant countries to resolve disputes peacefully. The Convention provides a peaceful means to resolve disputes and is also helpful in resolving issues such as U.S. and Canadian waters. When most countries recognize the Convention, if a country like Iran that is not friendly to us wants to block the Persian Gulf, the United States will resort to the Convention. Only then can we have appeal, rather than using force directly and unilaterally.”

President Mario nodded. He came from a well-known school. This is indeed one of the advantages.

"It has expanded the waters under the jurisdiction of the United States. The Convention's expansion of the exclusive economic zones in Alaska, Hawaii and other places has actually expanded the waters that the United States can administer, which has more benefits than harms to the United States. On the other hand, the Convention's protection of economic zones should It can make large-scale American offshore drilling companies more willing to invest in development. In the past, there was a bottleneck in the development of this industry due to lack of guarantees.”

"And the most important point is that we can better provoke conflicts with countries with maritime sovereignty issues based on the provisions of the International Convention on the Law of the Sea."

Panetta's words made President Mario stunned for a moment, "Soviet Union? Are you referring to the issue of the four northern islands of the United States, or the issue of the Turkish Straits? However, under the current circumstances, both issues are well controlled by the Soviet Union, and the United States has no chance to intervene at all."

"That's just one of our goals. The entire ocean is so big, but which country has disputes over maritime issues and is the surface and potential enemy of the United States?" Panetta asked mysteriously.

"You mean, China?" President Mario was stunned for a moment.

"Yes, China." The White House Chief of Staff raised his mouth, "Adding the more complicated South China Sea issue to the issue of the four northern islands, this is why we joined the International Convention on the Law of the Sea. After all, the Soviet Union and China are the last two stumbling blocks for the United States to dominate the world." (To be continued.)