Soviet Union 1991

First update

Regarding the transformation of the Kara-class, Yanayev gave detailed instructions in his plan to Director Makarov. After all, designing a new multi-functional anti-submarine ship takes much more time, money and energy than modifying an old ship. The current Black Sea Fleet does not have so much time to wait. It needs to find a way to quickly improve its anti-submarine warfare capabilities in a short period of time.

Reality forced Yanayev to handle naval construction flexibly.

Remove the front 3 air defense missile systems and install a 130-type twin 130 mm naval gun and 124 "Lion 218" fire control radar. Remove the "headlight" radar and two sets of quad 14 anti-submarine missiles and install a "music stand" and two sets of quadruple 22 anti-ship missiles to increase anti-ship capabilities. The 310 Angara River three-coordinate air search radar on the front mast was removed and replaced with the 710 "top plate" three-coordinate air search radar. The 600 Shuguang three-coordinate air search radar on the rear mast was removed and the 650 "Birch Mushroom" three-coordinate air search radar was modified.

The two Type 762 twin 76mm naval guns and the 105 "top ring" gun sighting radar were dismantled, the "low point" system and the 671 remote control launcher were removed, and two "Kashtan" missile guns were installed at the original gun position. defense system and 337 "heat flash" fire control radars, 11 anti-aircraft missiles guided on the Kashtan, and 630 close-range anti-aircraft guns and 1 "signal flag" radar were dismantled.

Remove the rear 3 air defense missile system, install 6 sets of 8-link 6 air defense missile systems and a 306 "Tombstone" phased array radar, and install 4 sets of 8-link 9 air defense missile systems on both sides of the hangar. A 360-degree "Cross Sword" fire control radar is added to the top of the warehouse.

The original Ka-25 anti-submarine helicopter was removed and replaced with a more advanced Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopter. The "Hercules 2" sonar system was dismantled and the 365 "Star 2" sonar system was modified. It consisted of a 345 "Bronze" low-frequency search attack sonar installed in the bow fairing and a "cow tail" neutral or neutral sonar at the stern. Composed of low frequency variable depth towed array sonar. Added 15 anti-submarine missile systems.

It can be seen from Yanayev's improvement plan that the improved Kara-class anti-submarine ship no longer performs a single anti-submarine mission, but even takes into account both air defense and anti-ship. After such improvements, the Kara-class large anti-submarine ship not only enhanced some of its anti-submarine capabilities, but also added 130 ground-attack naval guns and 22 anti-ship anti-ship missile capabilities. At the same time, its air defense capabilities were revolutionary improved, with 48 6-channel missiles in 6 channels. The air defense missile system enables the Kara-class large anti-submarine ships to have fleet regional air defense capabilities, reaching 50% of the Kirov-class large missile cruisers and 75% of the Glorious-class guided missile cruisers.

The 4-channel 32-9 air defense missile system enables the 1134 to have short-range point air defense capabilities, reaching 50% of the 1155 Dreadnought-class large anti-submarine ship, and the same as the 1154 Dread-class frigate. According to Yanayev's vision, it is entirely possible to serve as the main anti-submarine ship until the 20s of the 21st century.

When Smiryev asked why Yanayev was so familiar with the innovations of ships, Yanayev just said meaningfully, "I like ships more than Nicholas II, but I'm just a little bit older than him." Be more forward-thinking rather than building according to your own preferences.”

Even Captain Makarov explained to Smiryev, "If this is really General Secretary Yanayev's idea, I really doubt whether he has served in the Red Navy before or got someone else's help." What can I say about this improvement method? It is very novel. Compared with the previous Kara-class modifications, I think this will be a new development trend for Soviet Red Navy ships. "

"Integration of air defense, anti-ship and anti-submarine?" Smiryev asked.

"To be precise, it is the trend of modernization and modification." Makarov said, "Because a considerable part of our ships are facing the problem of obsolescence. Except for some ships that can no longer meet the needs of modern operations, the rest can be carried out. Refitting it will keep it in service for a few more years. It’s not just the integration of three defenses, it’s also about updating the electronic equipment.”

Smiryev sighed. He looked at the dense characters in the plan and said with emotion, "If it weren't for the hard-to-recover consequences of the previous arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union, we wouldn't be in such an embarrassing situation. The development of military industry has been suppressed. Moscow’s top brass has tied its hands, and all new armaments need to be reviewed not only by the Ministry of Defense, but also by Yanayev. Many ship development plans are directly rejected on the grounds of military expenditure.”

Smiryev always feels that the navy has not made great progress in recent years, but is in danger of being weakened.

However, Makarov's answer surprised Smiryev. He took the drawing and said, "Through the ship construction plans over the years, I don't think that Moscow's top brass is restricting the development of the navy. On the contrary, I prefer It feels like they are guiding the Soviet Navy to develop in a new direction. It is an era of bipolar confrontation. The decline of the Soviet Union and the rise of American imperialism have made Yanayev feel that now is the time to avoid its edge. Although the conflicts and confrontations in the 1990s were even more intense than in the 1980s. It's worse than that, but Moscow's top management has a good sense of proportion."

"But I don't understand what this has to do with Soviet naval development?"

Makarov raised the design in his hand and replied very calmly, "It is confirmed that the Red Navy will not take too many wrong paths in the development of the navy as it did during the Cold War. The suggestions and plans given by Yanayev are very appropriate."

Indeed, the development of the navy had gone astray during the Cold War. For example, Stalin seemed to be obsessed with cruisers and battleships. In the late 1920s, he advocated the development of cruisers and battleships and the establishment of an ocean-going navy. Moreover, Stalin cold-bloodedly eliminated some small ships and shore-based aviation naval strategic propositions of the Soviet Union at that time. However, Stalin seemed to be too obsessed with battleships and cruisers. He seemed to be unable to see the aircraft carriers that played a major role in World War II and had already entered the stage of naval history. In the late 1940s, he still advocated the development of cruisers and the like, and for this reason, he once removed Kuznetsov, who advocated aircraft carriers at the time. This also led to the fact that even during the Cold War, the Soviet Navy still had a series of things with tonnage comparable to battleships.

However, if Stalin's contribution to the construction of the Soviet Navy was mixed, then Khrushchev was a typical step backwards. As we all know, Khrushchev was a typical nuclear submarine missile faction. He even belittled aircraft carriers as mobile coffins. As a result, reality slapped him hard in the face. In the Cuban Missile Crisis, in the face of this Cold War and conflicts that did not reach a full-scale war, the Soviet Union's nuclear submarines, which were mainly based on strategic nuclear strikes and fighting major wars, had little room to play in the face of the sea and air control of the US aircraft carrier fleet. In that crisis, the Soviet Union lost face, and then the Soviet Union developed aircraft carriers.

Perhaps knowing that the leaders' cognitive bias would lead to difficulties in naval construction, Yanayev is now desperately trying to build an information-based, modernized naval force, and even disregarding the opinions of the Ministry of Defense and the army marshals, re-employing Ogarkov, and even cheating to get the funds for building large aircraft carriers and developing his own naval communication satellite system, just to avoid making the mistakes of the previous leaders.

Yanaev has tried his best to remedy all the mistakes and strive to seize the last opportunity in development.

"You mean that the development of the navy is actually led by General Secretary Yanaev?"

Makarov nodded, "At least from my calculations, I can guess that it is like this. However, due to the change in Soviet strategy in recent years, our Red Navy has entered a dormant period of development."

Director Makarov stood at the dock, the sea breeze blew his gray hair, looking at the warships docked in the port, Director Makarov seemed to see a new fleet slowly rising.

He closed his eyes, thinking in his heart, can he still see that day?

Makarov turned around and said to Smiryev, "Maybe the current Soviet Red Navy is not the strongest fleet, but one day in the future."

At this point, Makarov paused.

"It may become an invincible fleet." To be continued.