Start 1861: I Just Inherited the Dutch Throne

Everything in the world cannot be centered around the Netherlands.

On July 1, 1878, the British football team Manchester United, the predecessor of Newton Heath LYR, was established.

On July 2, 1878, General Zuo, the military giant of the ancient Far East country, regained southern Xinjiang.

On July 3, 1878, several places under the rule of the Ottoman Empire such as Bulgaria, Serbia, and Romania in the Balkan Peninsula sought to break away from the rule of the Ottoman Empire and declared independence.

The Ottoman Empire then deployed 100,000 troops on the northern borders of the Ottoman Empire with Bulgaria and Serbia on July 5 to test pressure on Bulgaria and other places, demanding that the idea be abandoned.

However, it was rejected by Bulgaria, Serbia, Romania and other places and established its own royal government with the support of the Tsarist Russian Empire.

However, since Bulgaria, Serbia, and Romania only received the support of the Russian Empire, the timing coincided with the prime ministerial level summit of the member states of the International Court of Justice being held in The Hague, Netherlands, and all countries were invited to attend under the chairmanship of Dutch Prime Minister Gerrit de Vries. A specially held conference on the Balkan Peninsula disputes. The Tsarist Russian Empire could not withstand the Western powers of the British Empire, the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. In the end, the Tsarist Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria took a step back. Bulgaria was divided into three, and the northern part was established. In the Kingdom of Bulgaria, Eastern Rumelia and Macedonia were established in the south, while the other two territories remained unchanged.

However, at the meeting, the powerful countries also hoped to re-establish order in the Balkan Peninsula. In the meeting led by Gerrit de Vries, the interests of Britain, Tsarist Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were balanced. The participating countries also included other European powers and the Ottoman Empire. empire.

After the meeting, the relationship between the Tsarist Empire and the Ottoman Empire, which had been reconciled due to the end of the Crimean War, gradually deteriorated, and the ethnic issues in the Balkan Peninsula were not satisfactorily resolved.

After centuries of rule by the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and several Orthodox Slavic countries such as Romania, Serbia, Macedonia, and Eastern Rumelia were finally recognized by powerful powers after the conference and became independent nation-states.

At the meeting, the meeting began to amend the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano to allow the Ottoman Empire to keep Constantinople. This move was a move by the Western powers in Europe to prevent the Russian Empire from continuing to expand into the Balkans after continuing to suppress the Ottoman Empire.

At the end of this meeting, all participating countries signed the "Hague Treaty". In the original historical time and space, it was the "Berlin Treaty" chaired by Bismarck, the Prime Minister of the German Empire.

In this Treaty of The Hague, Bulgaria was divided into three parts: Bulgaria, Macedonia and Eastern Rumelia, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro were established as states, and Bosnia and Herzegovina was divided into Austria-Hungary.

At the same time, the Ottoman Empire also conducted unknown transactions with the United Kingdom. The Ottoman Empire and the United Kingdom announced on July 8, 1878 that the Ottoman Empire had ceded the rule of Cyprus to the British Empire.

However, this angered the Kingdom of Greece, which announced the expulsion of the Ottoman Empire's ambassador to Greece.

The Tsarist Empire contributed a lot to the Balkans at great cost, but in the end, due to the opposition of Western European powers, Alexander II's "Greater Bulgaria" plan failed after the Treaty of The Hague.

On the contrary, the German Empire, which was originally neutral in the middle, was at the meeting. Bismarck strongly supported the Austro-Hungarian Empire in taking over Bosnia and Herzegovina. This indirectly allowed the Austro-Hungarian Empire to reap the benefits and easily seize the power to manage Bosnia and Herzegovina, but indirectly This improved the relationship between Berlin and Vienna, and the two countries formed allies in the conference, but it also caused the collapse of the Three Reichs Alliance of the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Tsarist Empire, which was already facing collapse but still existed.

On the one hand, Bismarck used the German-Austrian Alliance to win over the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and on the other hand, he used the Second Three Reich Alliance to try to change the injured Alexander II's mind. This made his alliance system more complicated, and also made Tsarist Russia and Germany Relations with Austria were becoming increasingly tense.

For this reason, William IV, who was far away in Melbourne, had to lament that Bismarck was indeed a rare genius in the history of Western diplomacy. He was simply toying with other countries in the field of European diplomacy.

On July 10, 1878, it was originally planned to hold a 10-day Prime Minister (President) level summit organized by the International Court of Justice in The Hague. However, due to the sudden situation in the Balkans, the time was doubled in the end.

At the end of the conference, all member states of the organization agreed to conduct more communication for international law. At the same time, because of its strong political nature, in addition to legal issues, countries have been calling on the United Kingdom and the United Kingdom to resolve disputes over the Strait of Malacca in the Far East in addition to legal issues. The Netherlands will negotiate and resolve the issue.

At the same time, the prime ministers or presidents of various countries asked North and South France to exercise restraint, and asked Napoleon III in Paris and Adolphe Thiers in Lyon to start a dialogue.

At the same time, various countries were also uneasy about the tense situation between the Confederate States of America and the Confederate States of America, and called on Stephen Douglas, President of the Confederate States of America in the north, and Alexander Stephens, President of the Confederate States of America in the south, to jointly maintain peace in North America.

Finally, various countries also called on Greece and the Ottoman Empire to resume dialogue and resolve the dispute. However, Cyprus has now fallen into the hands of the United Kingdom, which makes the problem difficult to solve.

On July 14, 1878, King Emmanuel II of the Kingdom of Italy passed away, and Crown Prince Umberto I of Italy became the new king of the Kingdom of Italy.

Because of the current tense international situation, although Italy's new king Umberto I wanted to hold a state funeral and launched a "state funeral diplomacy" with various countries, the effect was not high. Most of the countries sent ministerial-level officials to participate, and even Italy's new king Ally France's Third Republic, Adolphe Thiers, only sent his country's vice president to participate.

On July 16, 1878, the world's first telephone exchange was established in the Dutch province of South Australia. The Dutch East India Company announced that it would complete the deployment in all provinces of the entire Australian continent in August, and would complete the deployment in all Dutch territories within half a year. telephone exchange arrangement

On July 19, 1878, Thomas Edison of the Dutch East India Company applied for a patent for the record player, which immediately attracted world attention because Edison had become a benchmark for world technology, just like the technology company called Apple in later generations released a new product every time. .

On July 25, 1878, the world's first telephone was launched in the Netherlands and Australia.

On July 27, 1878, Japan, the newly rising Kingdom of the Sun in the Far East, abolished Ryukyu as a county and changed its name to Okinawa.

On July 29, 1878, the Edison Telephone Company was officially established and became a subsidiary of the Dutch East India Company.

On August 1, 1878, Britain launched its second war of invasion in Afghanistan, which was tragic.

On August 9, 1878, British scientist Swann invented the world's second practical light bulb after Edison. However, Edison accused him of infringement because Swann's light bulb was made based on Edison's principles. , the Kingdom of the Netherlands expressed dissatisfaction, and the United Kingdom supported Swann, so the relationship between the United Kingdom and the Netherlands became even worse.

At a time when the world is in chaos, a piece of bad news has attracted the world's attention.

On August 10, 1878, Queen Matilda Zoffe of Greece, the princess of William I of the former Principality of Württemberg, the mother of King William IV of the Netherlands, the former queen of the Netherlands, and the wife of the current King William III of the Kingdom of Greece, died. Born in 1818, she died at the age of 60.

Queen Zofie was the daughter of Catherine Pavlovna, the fourth daughter of Paul I of the Russian Empire, and Anna Pavlovna, the mother of William III, was the sixth daughter of Paul I.

Alexander II's father, Nicholas I, was born after the two female grand duchess. Queen Zoffe (born in July 1818) was also the cousin of the current emperors of Russia, Alexander II (born in April 1818) and William III (born in February 1817).

Moreover, although the Principality of Battenberg was annexed by the German Empire, the family was still retained by the German Empire and continued to serve as the Grand Duke of the Principality, but in name only.

Therefore, after the news of Queen Zoffe's death came out, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, centered on these four places, issued a heavy commemoration.

After the death of King Emmanuel II of Italy, the world's participation in the country's state funeral was low. This time, when Greece announced that it would hold a state funeral, the world actually expressed its participation, saying that the king or president would participate. At the very least, prime ministers or vice presidents from each country will be sent to participate.

Compared with the state funeral of King Emmanuel II of Italy, the response to the state funeral of Emmanuel II was relatively lukewarm. However, it was difficult for the new Italian king Umberto I to use the state funeral of Emmanuel II to build closer relationships with kings and prime ministers of various countries.

The two state funerals caused such a huge contrast in the world's response, forming a strong contrast in itself. The Italian state funeral came from dozens of countries and regions around the world, and only ministers or ministerial levels from 20 countries participated. Except for King Luis I of Portugal, Iman In addition to the son-in-law of Newell II.

What about Queen Zoffie? Everyone can only wait and see.

The unification of Italy was accomplished by Emmanuel II, but this was at the expense of the interests of the Austrian Empire (now the Austro-Hungarian Empire). In particular, the dispute in Venice led to the Italian-Austrian War.

Moreover, Emmanuel II had a bad relationship with the Pope. The Pope incited the Catholic world to isolate Italy, which made Emmanuel II very anxious.

Therefore, Emmanuel II did not have a good relationship with the Catholic world (Southern Europe). Moreover, Italy was too small and had insufficient influence. In the end, although Umberto I of Italy had a good idea, Emmanuel II’s state funeral diplomacy plan was not implemented. not open.