Start 1861: I Just Inherited the Dutch Throne

On June 13, 1881, the 13-nation Group announced its support for the Dutch policy towards Britain and expanded sanctions against Britain, which attracted the attention of various countries.

At the same time, the UK also announced that all speakers of the Group of 13 participating in the meeting would be included in the UK’s sanctions list. The UK also banned these governments from using British maritime ports and facilities around the world, such as the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and the Suez Canal etc.

In addition, the UK will regulate imports from these countries to express UK anger.

On the afternoon of June 13, 1881, the Group of Thirteen, angry in Britain, was simultaneously holding talks in Kiel with its four partner countries: the Kingdom of Siam, the Russian Empire, Denmark and Sweden.

During the talks with the Kingdom of Siam, it was also promised that in the next two years, the Group of Thirteen would provide defense support to the Kingdom of Siam in the face of pressure from Britain and France.

The coalition of 100,000 troops composed of the Thirteen-nation Group also announced that it would send a 2,000-man team to Bangkok at the invitation of the Kingdom of Siam to express its support for the defense of the Kingdom of Siam.

The Kingdom of Siam has promised to provide a 10-square-kilometer military base along the coast of Bangkok for the 13-nation coalition for training.

The Group of Thirteen also committed to strengthening economic relations with the Kingdom of Siam and building ties to further deepen diplomatic, economic and political cooperation.

The G13 Secretariat will send a coordinator to coordinate the relationship between the G13 and the Kingdom of Siam.

When facing the Tsarist Russian Empire, the Group of Thirteen and the Tsarist Russian Empire reached an agreement, and both sides would send more personnel to interact with each other.

The Group of 13 has established an office in St. Petersburg, and the Russian Empire will also send diplomats to Kiel, the capital of Ecuador, the headquarters of the Group of Thirteen.

In terms of bilateral military relations, the Russian Empire will maintain military activities with the 13-nation Group. The two parties have agreed to hold more than two large-scale joint military exercises every year, and each invites the other party to participate on their side.

At the same time, the Group of 13 held a meeting with Denmark and Sweden. Finally, the Group of 13 reached an agreement with these two countries similar to the Russian Empire, increasing the political and military interaction between the Group of 13 and these two countries.

With the confirmation of relations with these four countries, many people speculate that the Group of 13 will gradually establish similar relations with other countries.

What common position will the 13-nation Group adopt towards the German-Austrian Alliance at the summit? This has been a major concern since the beginning of the summit.

Germany's growing economic influence and several military victories in Europe have made Germany the focus of the summit.

At 9 a.m. on the 14th, 1881, the 13-nation Group belatedly issued a joint statement on the German-Austrian alliance.

The communique pointed out that the German-Austrian alliance also caused huge concerns. Berlin was accused by the group of using trade policies to suppress other countries, and militarily, the historical behavior of invading Denmark, a partner country of the 13-nation Group, was unacceptable. ,

The Group of 13 expressed great concern over Berlin's bellicose behavior.

The 13-nation Group stated that it would strengthen cooperation with Sweden, Denmark and the Russian Empire surrounding the German-Austrian Alliance to deal with any possible risks from Germany and Austria-Hungary, and accused Germany and Austria of using their military and economic strength to gain a foothold in Europe. It is unacceptable to use force against countries with diplomatic disputes such as Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands and Tsarist Russia.

However, many countries still have concerns about taking a tough stance on comprehensively suppressing Germany and Austria, because Sweden has a good relationship with Germany, as does the Russian Empire. These countries currently seem unwilling to overly anger Germany and Austria-Hungary. , because most of Sweden's steel and timber were exported to Germany, and the food of the Tsarist Russian Empire was also exported to Germany and Austria, and they were closely connected economically. However, the reason why the Tsarist Russian Empire was about to fall out with Germany was mainly because of the influence of the Junker nobles and landowners. With the increase in grain production, it seized the original share of the Tsarist Russian Empire. Officially, the Austro-Hungarian Empire finally compromised with Berlin and joined the alliance because it received Berlin's market guarantee.

However, compared to the Kingdom of Siam, which has little economic exchanges with the two countries, Sweden, Denmark and the Russian Empire do have a lot of transactions.

Therefore, the Group of 13 and the four partner countries are dependent on German-Austrian economic relations to varying degrees.

Baron Kaslen, Speaker of the Dutch House of Commons, said in the European Times that the 13-nation Group is studying specific cooperation methods to combat the economic and military coercion of the United Kingdom and the German-Austrian Alliance. The 13-nation Group will not just say no this time. Lian Hua only issued a communiqué but took concrete actions.

The European Times reported that the G13 + 4 partner country summit held in Kiel will issue a document in addition to the joint communiqué on military and economic coercion by Britain, Germany and Austria, indicating that the G13 will support those affected by the three major Powerful countries militarily and economically coerce countries against them.

The Group of 13 unanimously expressed dissatisfaction with Argentine President Miter's opposition to the expansion of the Group of 13. The secretariat of the organization directly condemned Argentina's interference in internal affairs, "We don't know why the Argentine president is so angry. But one thing I can tell you is that the Group of 13 will put pressure on Argentina to influence the other party. For example, we are studying and judging that we may impose economic sanctions on Argentina. Of course, we are still negotiating, and the results are not yet suitable to be announced to the public. , just a reminder to our Argentinian neighbors.”

At the same time, the Group of 13 also shouted to the Brazilian Empire, "The Group of 13 has undoubtedly offended the Brazilian Empire. The Group of 13 is willing to cooperate with Brazil. We believe that if the Brazilian Empire is willing to cooperate, then Latin America will be able to enter a more prosperous future." situation"

The Group of 13 still showed goodwill from the Commonwealth of America: "The Commonwealth of America is a big country, and we will support the connections between each member country and the United States. Our organization will also flexibly adjust its specific relationship with the United States based on its attitude towards the member states. Development process.

In short, what defines America is that we are not sure whether the other party is an enemy or a friend."

At the same time, the Group of 13 countries is also very dissatisfied with Portugal's unkind language towards the organization. Countries will not show mercy to Portugal.

The Group of 13 announced that it would equal Portugal to the United Kingdom and support the imposition of the same sanctions on Portugal as the United Kingdom.

"Portugal has always been an ally of the United Kingdom. Our Spanish partner country is a victim of Portugal's maintenance of a special relationship with the United Kingdom. Therefore, in order to face the back-stabbing of this British ally for hundreds of years, we choose to strike first." These are the exact words of Baron Caslen, Speaker of the Dutch Parliament.

This made the people in Lisbon extremely dissatisfied.

The G13’s successive foreign policy announcements caught the international community off guard.

As a result, a brewing international relationship is slowly fermenting. However, whether this is a blessing or a curse for the Group of 13 should be answered soon.