Start 1861: I Just Inherited the Dutch Throne

Since this month, in addition to paying attention to the various summits held in Europe and South America, another thing worthy of attention is the refreshing attack on each other's foreign policy by the two presidential candidates in the federal election at the end of the year.

In addition, major European countries and countries in other regions are also very concerned about the national prime ministerial election held in Brazil at the end of this month, because if the royalists win this election in Brazil, the pattern of Brazil will be broken, and even Brazil will The neutral image in South America and even the world will be broken, and the Netherlands' current dominance in South America will be in crisis due to Pedro II's full power.

Congresses such as Britain, Germany and the United States will not take this opportunity to intervene more heavily in South American affairs, which will increase the pressure on the Netherlands to maintain its power in South America.

Obviously, in this Brazilian election, it is a certainty that all countries will intervene, and they will use all their means.

As for William's implementation, we have to take it seriously.

Many intelligence officials of William IV reported, "It is said that Pedro II has recently met frequently with the ambassadors of Germany, the United Kingdom, France and other European countries to Brazil. Apparently he is making some preparations."

"Hehe, he is preparing a feast, but we don't know who will win. I don't think Fonseca will sit still and wait for death. This guy is famous in Brazil and is as powerful as the emperor Pedro II. His power is Brazil is deeply rooted, don’t worry, Fonseca might give those people some surprises.”

Brazil was ruled for many years by Emperor Pedro II and Prime Minister Fonseca, who ran the Brazilian cabinet government for two decades.

However, with the changes in the international situation, Pedro II relied on the royalists of Portugal and Brazil to support Pedro II. Now that Brazil and European countries such as Britain and Germany are taking anti-Dutch actions, his international support is getting bigger and bigger. Pedro II's support at the international level has narrowed, leaving his government's diplomatic score in jeopardy.

In particular, Pedro II supports his opponent in the Brazilian prime ministerial election that starts this month, causing Fonseca, who has been at the helm of Brazil for 20 years, to be re-elected for a four-year term as prime minister.

In fact, Prime Minister Fonseca once saved such a situation, but the current situation is also inseparable from him.

Brazil is a country with a strong Catholic religious influence, competing with the imperial power, and Fonseca has long been regarded by supporters as "a firm defender of Catholicism and Brazilian independence and freedom."

On July 10, 1881, local time, with the withdrawal of Yin Jie, one of the candidates for Brazilian Prime Minister, the balance of the polls was broken. More Brazilian voters turned to support the Brazilian Labor Party, the opponent of Prime Minister Fonseca of the Social Liberal Party. Colecci, the Labor Party was known for its consistent support of Pedro II's rule.

According to the electoral law of the Brazilian Empire, if no candidate obtains more than 50% of the votes in the election of the Prime Minister, the coalition candidate with the highest votes will enter the second round of voting, and the candidate with the most votes in the second round of voting will win. .

The devastating earthquake in 1880 interrupted the process of Brazil's economic rise, causing more than 200,000 deaths in Brazil. Just counting the economic accounts, the direct losses in the disaster-stricken areas of the Brazilian Empire exceeded 5 million pounds, which may require reconstruction funds. Reach several times this data. Brazil's annual GDP is only 100 million pounds.

Even many supporters of Fonseca will choose not to vote for Fonseca again when they see their homes now in ruins.

This kind of public opinion is promoted even more vigorously by the propaganda machine in the royalist Brazilian media.

“The path to re-election is in jeopardy”

During this period, the economic crisis caused unprecedented disruption to the Brazilian election, and the diplomatic situation was also very unfavorable for Fonseca's letter. , Politically, the support of Pedro II Lake's "friendly" nationality has increased the pressure on Fonseca. This has allowed Fonseca to mediate among the Netherlands, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for a long time, becoming the capital of the three parties. The important countries he was trying to win over suddenly became less important because he was pro-Dutch enough.

On the contrary, after Pedro II may replace him, Brazil has become the darling of international diplomacy again, making Pedro II score diplomatic points.

Of course, if Prime Minister Fonseca is re-elected successfully, the balance currently maintained by Brazil will continue.

This election in the Brazilian Empire will not affect its current Prime Minister Fonseca and the interests of the forces behind it. It will also affect the fate of Brazil. It may even affect whether South America, Europe, Germany, Austria, Britain and other countries can expand smoothly in Latin America. .

When he was elected Prime Minister of Brazil in the last general election (1877), Fonseca promised that Brazil would become one of the top ten economies in the world by 1881, with per capita income reaching the level of Italy.

As a result, the Brazilian Empire achieved it in 1879, but due to the great earthquake, Brazil regressed in 1880. Many people generally believe that if Fonseca was unable to be re-elected for the fourth time, the most direct reason was because of the earthquake in 1880. The big earthquake in the capital Rio de Janeiro

According to data from the Dutch Investment Agency, Brazil's GDP had reached a growth rate of 11% in 1879, but entered negative 20% in 1880. It can be said that this major earthquake caused a serious setback in the Brazilian economy, which has shaken Brazil. The ruling status of Prime Minister Fonseca in the country.

During his tenure, Fonseca made many attempts to promote the Brazilian Empire to join the South American Union, dispatched troops to take over the coastal defenses of the coastal areas previously occupied by Portugal, and opened treaty ports on the borders with members of the Group of 13, including Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia, making Brazil has a prosperous economy on its borders with these countries.

These were opposed by Pedro II, who wanted to focus his efforts on the coastal strip rather than on the land borders.

The different approaches of Fonseca moving closer to the west and Pedro II moving closer to both sides of the East Atlantic made both of their forces appear to be maintaining the international balance of the Brazilian Empire and were "disconnected" from other countries.

Once the royalist Colachi defeats Fonseca and comes to power, the current balance of international relations may change.

This is also what many people in Brazil are currently worried about. Therefore, although they are dissatisfied with the economic impact after the earthquake during Fonseca's 1879 administration, they have to continue to maintain domestic balance.

However, many people feel that Fonseca's five consecutive terms since 1860 seem to be over. However, there are still many staunch supporters of Fonseca. They are all glorious supporters of Brazil's independence from Portugal in many meetings. They appreciate Fonseca's toughness in diplomacy and are very wary of Brazil's fall to Pedro II. The century brought back the Westernization of the "Association" of the Kingdom of Portugal.

Therefore, domestic and international supporters of both parties are participating in the Brazilian election. This Brazilian election actually allows the two candidates of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party of the United States to participate in the debate on relations with Brazil. coming.

Look, how much attention is paid to the Brazilian election.