Super Chief
Chapter 76: An Englishman on a firm footing
But the tragic English immigrants met a very good Indian tribe leader, the leader's name is Poitan, he is the chief of the Poitan Alliance.
After the Powatans were expelled from Monongahela by the Cherokees, they came to the eastern coastal area to form the Powatan Alliance to fight against the increasingly powerful Cherokees.
At this time, the first group of English immigrants from across the ocean came to the territory controlled by the Poitan League.
Although it was not long after the establishment in Jamestown, because of communication problems, the first batch of English immigrants and the Poitan Alliance fought a battle. The history is called "the first British-Poitan battle", but that battle speaks of it. It's almost like a child's play house. The English immigrants were beaten up by the powerful Poitans, and many people died. In the end, they relied on the cannon built in Jamestown to frighten the Poitans. The two sides negotiated a peace.
It may be that Chief Powatan felt a little sorry for these poor Vasitschus, so Chief Powatan began to take care of the colonists who were small in number, and relatively poor, and who could continue to produce good things. So before the death of Chief Poitan in 1618, the English immigrants living in Jamestown were relatively happy.
But when Chief Powatan died and his brother Opachanakanyu took the power of the Powatan Alliance, this policy was changed.
When Chief Powatan was in power, Opachanakanyu was the first warrior of the Powatan Alliance. He had his own village, but he always opposed cooperating with the colonists. In fact, for the first time the British-Bowatan The battle of Tan was led by this guy.
After the death of Chief Powatan, Opachanakanyu did not become the chief, but one of his brothers came to the throne. This was the successor chosen by Chief Powatan, but his brother only occupied the name of the chief. The true power of the alliance fell into the hands of Opachanakanyu.
In the twelve years after the establishment of Jamestown by the English colonists until the death of Chief Poitan, because of the poitan alliance’s gentle policy towards the colonists, there were more and more colonists.
Even in the two or three years after the death of Chief Powatan, Opachana Kanyu, who controlled the power of the Powatan Alliance, had been in peace with the English colonists, and even another war broke out between the Powatan Alliance and the Cherokee. At that time, Opachanakanyu also asked the English colonists to send people to help.
At that time, Opachanakanyu's request was approved by the colonial parliament, but it is a pity that the British colonists did not send people to the war in the end, which made Opachanakanyu very upset.
Especially at that time, Virginia tobacco was extremely popular in Europe, which caused the colonists of Ingles to start growing tobacco in Virginia. However, tobacco is a crop that consumes a lot of soil power. At that time, there was no chemical fertilizer. The breeding industry in the Virginia colony was underdeveloped, and there was not enough animal manure to make fertilizer. Therefore, the land where tobacco was grown became barren and unusable after a few years of planting. Now, new land can only be reclaimed. But the colonists occupied such a large area. In order to open up new land, the colonists continued to move to the interior, making Opachanakanyu even more intolerable.
The fuse that eventually led to Opachana Kanyu's final decision to attack the English immigrants in Jamestown again came from one of his right-hand men.
Opachanakanu’s assistant is named Nimattanyu, and he has been acting as a messenger between Opachanakanyu and the colonists. One day in the spring of 1622, Nimat Tannew came to the house of a colonist named Morgan. He saw some good things. He suggested to Morgan to go to the royal court of the Union. If he could sell it for a good price, Morgan followed him. Went, but never came back.
A few days later Nimattanyu came to the colony again and told the colonist that Mr. Morgan was dead. Everyone saw that this guy was wearing Morgan's hat and felt that he was very suspicious, so they had to take him to the judge for a trial, but Nimattanyu was still alive, and someone shot him during the dispute. Before he died, Nimattanyu asked to bury him secretly here, lest Opachanakanyu knew about it and caused trouble.
But these colonists are not good people, and they didn't care about killing an Indian. In the end, the fact that Nimattanyu was killed by the colonists was still known by Opachanakanyu.
The angry Opachanakanyu made a plan to slay the colonists in the spring of 1622. Along the James River, they would kill the colonists when they saw it. Once the plan is drawn up, people will notify the tribes and prepare to act in unison at the appointed time.
But the news leaked, and the English colonists were prepared. But even with preparations, there are colonies everywhere along the James River, and the colonists are scattered, and it is difficult to notify them all at once.
On March 22, 1622, the Poitan Alliance launched a surprise attack on the various colonies. James Town was not breached due to guards, but other small colonies could not be prevented. The Indians rushed in and killed people at the end of the day. , More than 400 colonists were killed, accounting for one-third of the colony’s population in Virginia.
The sudden attack on this day caused a serious injury to the Virginia colony, because the majority of the dead were adult men. Among the remaining people, women and children, the elderly and the weak accounted for two-thirds. For a while, many people were in panic. Planning to escape back to the UK. However, what the English informants did not expect was that after the Poitan Alliance attacked for a day, Opachanakanyu did not continue the attack, but returned to his home.
It turns out that Opachanakanyu made the judgment according to the custom of wars between Indians. In the past, when the Indian tribes fought to such a degree, the losing party can only afford to hide. Will move to another place, Opachanakanyu thinks that the British will do the same, and will be on the ship and leave within two months.
It is true that some colonists plan to withdraw to Europe, but more people want to stick to it.
They first concentrated the scattered colonists in several large colonies for defense. The second is to organize militias to avenge the massacre. However, the colony was not manpowered enough. Only one-third of the existing people were men who were able to fight, so they resorted to guerrilla warfare to find opportunities to retaliate against the Indians, including destroying their crops and fishing nets.
This guerrilla tactic was very successful, and the harassing Opachanakanyu had a headache, so he had to ask for peace talks. Through other Indian tribes, the two sides reached a peaceful intention, and Opachanakanyu relaxed his vigilance and believed that from now on, the world was peaceful. Now, bring people to sign a peace agreement with the colonists.
What Opachanakanyu did not expect was that the signing of the peace agreement this time turned out to be a banquet.
At the ceremony celebrating the signing of the peace agreement, the colonists brought out their wine. The Indians who knew this thing drank happily, and soon disappeared. It turned out that the colonists poisoned the wine. At this time, the colonists initiated In the sudden attack, more than 200 Indians were poisoned and more than 50 people were killed~www.wuxiaspot.com~ But Opachanakanyu did not drink and escaped in chaos. The colonists then wiped out the Indian settlements, and the Powatans would naturally fight back.
The Poitans had an advantage in numbers, but the English immigrants had muskets, so the war lasted until 1628, known as the "Second British-Poitan Battle" in history.
At this time, Opachanakanyu understood that the British would not be able to drive away, so he had to admit the reality. So the British colonists continued to migrate inland to Virginia, constantly occupying the active territory of the Indians.
By 1642, even Opachana Kanyu became a landlord. He leased a piece of land to the colonists. The rent was fifty baskets of corn every year...
In this way, the English immigrants firmly established themselves in Virginia and began to extend their tentacles to the Appalachian Mountains further west, until they met the Cherokees living in the Appalachian Mountains.
However, although the English colonists at this time had just fought with the Poitans and suffered serious losses, the English immigrants at this time were still afraid to offend the more powerful Cherokees. The most important thing is that because the English colonists and the Poitans are enemies, based on the principle that the enemy's enemy is a friend, the powerful Cherokee and the English colonists have become close friends.
The English colonists learned from the Cherokee that their most noble Kabru sacrificial line lived at the foot of the Great Smoky Mountains, so they found it here.
This is why the Gaoshu tribe has three or four groups of English colonists coming to trade every year...
PS: Although these two chapters are about the English colonists and the Poitan Alliance, they are related to the follow-up content, so please don’t tell me that Lao Mo’s writing is crooked...
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