The Rise of the European Emperor

The excellent performance of the single-cylinder diesel engine has aroused the great interest of Da Vinci and the college students of the Department of Mechanical Engineering. But this is not a good thing, and its adverse effect is that the research and development progress of the steam engine has stagnated.

Because of the ultra-high speed of the diesel engine, the teachers and students of the Department of Mechanical Engineering disliked the steam engine with a speed of only 50 rpm. After all, there is no harm without contrast. Then, most of the college students in the mechanical department went to study single-cylinder diesel engines. No one cared about the steam engine for a while, which made Marin very depressed when he heard the news.

Marin also knows the superiority of the diesel engine, but the supply of diesel is seriously insufficient! Until the technology develops to a certain level, especially the drilling technology, the supply of diesel oil cannot be sufficient.

You know, those oil fields in later generations are often hundreds of meters deep, or even thousands of meters deep. However, the current technology can drill at a depth of more than 100 meters at most, and it is simply impossible to supply enough diesel oil. Especially some rock formations, without the high-strength drill bits of later generations, it is impossible to drill through.

So, what if you can make a single-cylinder diesel engine? Without oil, the diesel engine is a pile of scrap iron...

Unlike the steam engine, this thing burns coal. And Marin, who controls the Ruhr area and the Newcastle coalfields, has coal in his hands. Moreover, all over the world, the difficulty of obtaining coal is also very low.

Therefore, even if it is known that the diesel engine is better, the steam engine is the easiest to promote and use. For this reason, Marin had to adjust his strategy and began to stimulate Da Vinci and his students to develop steam engines.

Marin promises that the reward for achieving major research results in steam engines is 10 times that of diesel engines. The specific standard is that the diesel engine research results start with 10 gold coins, and the steam engine research results start with 100 gold coins!

10 gold coins is less than the annual salary of ordinary people (12.16 gold coins), although it is a lot, it is not too much. And 100 gold coins are equivalent to more than 8.2 times the annual salary of ordinary people. Assuming that ordinary people have a basic monthly salary of 3,000 in later generations, 12 gold coins are equivalent to 36,000. And 100 gold coins are almost equivalent to 300,000 soft sister coins...

300,000 yuan will be rewarded for a phased general research achievement. This standard, in future generations, those professors will also be tempted...

And Marin even promised - whoever can successfully board the steam engine, or successfully create a practical steam engine train, will be rewarded with 1,000 gold coins to start with, and there is no upper limit...

In other words, Marin's rewards for steam ships and steam locomotives start at 3 million, which can be described as very generous...

As for the diesel engine with higher technical content, Marin cut the reward by 10 times. The ordinary reward is only about 30,000 yuan in later generations. For engineering and technical personnel with high salaries, it is really not attractive...

After being stimulated by this method, it turned out that most of the undergraduates in the mechanical department went to study steam engines. But there are also a small number of pure scholar college students who don't care about rewards, and they are determined to continue to develop diesel engines. In this regard, Marin is not disappointed. After all, someday, diesels will go mainstream. At present, the proportion of most people studying steam engines and a small number of people studying diesel engines is exactly what Marin wants to see most.

However, Marin was not reconciled to the fact that the diesel engine with excellent performance could not be applied on a large scale. Then, he suddenly thought of biodiesel technology, which is very popular in the 21st century.

The so-called biodiesel is the combination of vegetable oil and alcohols (mainly methanol,

It can also be ethanol) high-temperature esterification reaction in an alkaline environment to obtain biodiesel whose combustion performance is very similar to that of diesel.

Biodiesel is environmentally friendly, does not contain sulfur, and does not pollute the air. It is a key research direction in the 21st century. However, because the price of vegetable oil in later generations is more expensive and the cost is higher than that of ordinary diesel, it has been difficult to make a major breakthrough.

Marin remembered watching an agricultural program that introduced a plant called Jatropha curcas. The oil extracted from the fruit can be easily processed into biodiesel, and the quality is quite good, even better than domestic No. 0 diesel.

It is said that this Jatropha curcas is native to the tropical regions of southern North America. The fruit is poisonous and can cause dizziness, vomiting, and diarrhea after eating. However, its fruit has a high oil yield and is suitable for processing into biodiesel.

In fact, Jatropha curcas is the American version of tung oil, its characteristics are very similar to tung oil, and the oil extracted from the fruit is somewhat similar to tung oil.

Moreover, tung oil can actually be made into biodiesel. Marin read the report in his previous life, it seems that tung oil and methanol were used for the esterification reaction, and the reaction was carried out in a strong alkali environment of potassium hydroxide for N hours...

However, Jatropha curcas is emphasized on TV, but tung oil tree is not introduced. It can be seen that Jatropha curcas must have the superiority as a source of biodiesel raw materials.

In fact, tung oil processed into biodiesel is not much worse than Jatropha curcas. But the problem is that tung trees have high requirements on the environment and only grow well in southern China.

Oil barrels were introduced in later generations in the United States, Paraguay and Argentina in South America, but as a result, the oil barrels did not grow well in the southern part of the United States, and the quality of the tung oil produced was poor. In the South American environment, the quality of tung oil produced in Paraguay is not bad, but it is not as good as that produced in China.

The reason why jatropha was promoted by television is because of its strong adaptability. It was introduced in the TV program that Jatropha curcas does not have high requirements on the soil environment, is also very resistant to diseases and insect pests, and has strong adaptability. I am afraid that this is the main reason why it is vigorously promoted.

Anyway, Marin remembered that the oil extracted from the fruit of Jatropha curcas undergoes esterification reaction with methanol or ethanol under KOH and high temperature environment. As for the reaction hours, what the ratio is, and how to remove the lye later, he doesn't know. After all, he is not a professional chemical worker.

However, knowing this, the following will be easy to handle. Anyway, as long as the raw materials are sufficient, try a few more times, or even hundreds or thousands of times, you can always try out the ratio and reaction time, as well as the subsequent purification methods.

Anyway, Da Vinci has now taught a group of chemical engineering students. When there are more chemical students in the future, we will separate a group to study this, and we will always find a way.

According to the TV program in the previous life, the oil extracted from the fruit of Jatropha curcas in one mu of land can produce 500 kilograms of biodiesel, which is half a ton.

If he planted his 10,000 mu of jatropha curcas, the annual output of diesel would be 5,000 tons! However, a 12-horsepower single-cylinder diesel engine only consumes two or three liters of diesel per hour. Even if it does not stop for a moment, it only consumes about 26,000 liters in a year. And the zero diesel density looks like 0.85 kg per liter. In other words, a 12-horsepower diesel engine runs at full power throughout the year, and only consumes about 22 tons of diesel. But in fact, a general single-cylinder diesel engine consumes three to five tons of diesel a year.

Calculated in this way, the biodiesel produced from 10,000 mu of Jatropha curcas can supply thousands of diesel engines for one year. If you expand biodiesel production 100-fold...

Although in the future, the cost of biodiesel is relatively high, which is not very cost-effective. But for Marin in this era, availability is the most important question. As for the cost, it is secondary.

Even Marin came up with an exaggerated scene of using walking tractors to attack the enemy's formation. Of course, first of all, he has to have a professional mechanic team to put the single-cylinder diesel engine on the car and make a bad agricultural car similar to the "four different images" of later generations. Then, wrap it with an iron sheet, and it can be used as a ground turtle tank...

Thinking of this, Marin's saliva was about to stay. Even the "four different images" used by later generations of agriculture, in this era, is enough to destroy any enemy's battle formation...

However, after waking up, Marin understood that if he wanted to create a "chariot" like the "four different images", he must first cultivate a qualified mechanical model. As for Da Vinci and his mechanical students, in future generations, they are far inferior to even a mechanical apprentice. So, there is a long way to go...

However, if the "four unlikenesses" are researched and the production of biodiesel is sufficient, it is estimated that the whole world will be shrouded in the shadow of the North Sea tractor chariot. When thousands of tractors run into you, I ask you if you are afraid?

...

Of course, that's just a rosy prospect for the future. First of all, in order to realize that kind of bright future, Marin needs to send someone to find Jatropha curcas. Although I know that in the southern part of North America, it is very difficult to find Ke Temeow.

Then, even if a jatropha tree is found, it will take several years to plant it to bear fruit. Then squeeze out the oil of the fruit, and then use it for chemical students to conduct esterification research... In short, it will take a long, long time, it is estimated to take decades, and maybe Marin will not be able to see it alive...

But in any case, Jatropha curcas has brought Marin a bright prospect for biodiesel, as well as a better prospect for traction mechanisms to dominate the world in the future. Therefore, no matter how much it costs, Marin intends to find it...

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