The Rise of the European Emperor

When it was time to actually extract the ether, Marin realized that he was worrying too much. why? Because ether is slightly soluble in water...

And Marin worried about the sulfuric acid and alcohol that became the magazine, both of which are water soluble. Therefore, wash with water several times, and the content of sulfuric acid and alcohol can be ignored. Of course, there is also a loss of ether. After all, it is still slightly soluble in water. But that's nothing compared to getting high-quality ether.

However, Marin also thought that this method of multiple washings is only suitable for the extraction of medical ether. After all, that's for people. If it is used in chemical industry, there are no strict requirements at all. After washing with water at most once, it can be used in chemical production.

After obtaining the high-purity ether that has been washed with Marin for many times, Da Vinci, a scientific madman, immediately went to do anesthesia experiments. But after a while, Da Vinci came back angrily:

"Grand Duke, you lied to me, this thing has no anesthesia effect at all. I covered the sheep's mouth and nose with a damp cloth dipped in ether, but it didn't have anesthesia!"

Marin thought for a while, and suddenly slapped his head—Nima, was fooled by the brain-dead drama. In fact, the dizziness of ether covering his mouth and nose should be an exaggerated effect of screenwriters who do not understand chemistry. In fact, ether anesthesia takes several minutes to take effect. But screenwriters who were born in the liberal arts don't understand it, thinking that ether will work as soon as it is used. Just like the people who are shot on TV, in the TV series, after being shot, the actor who pretends to be a dead body immediately burps. In fact, on the battlefield, people who are shot, as long as they are not shot in the head, often die for a long time, until the blood flow is almost the same, and the blood pressure is too low to cause the heart to stop beating, and then they will fart. Few were killed on the spot. Most of those killed in battle were seriously injured and dying for a long time, and then bleed to death in incomparable pain...

Da Vinci listened to Marin's words and went to destroy the sheep again. A few minutes later, Da Vinci came over excitedly and said:

"I'm really in a coma, my hands are sore from covering..."

Marin rolled his eyes when he heard it - Nima, covering his mouth and nose completely for a few minutes can also lead to death or coma due to hypoxia...

However, Da Vinci is not a fool, and naturally he will not really suffocate the sheep. According to Marin, he covered the sheep's mouth and nose with a damp cloth dipped in ether. The wet cloth will not suffocate the sheep, and it will still allow a bit of air to breathe.

Casually, Da Vinci greeted the butcher to kill the sheep, and sure enough the sheep didn't feel it...

Then, Da Vinci wanted to reach out to humans...

"Don't, Ada, life is at stake, you can't try it! Let's go to the prison and find a few murderers who have been sentenced to death for testing, and don't use good people for testing. Be careful, strictly record the amount of drugs, thousands of Don't overdo it. Otherwise, it will endanger people's health! Also,

Please record the adverse reactions of the human body after the event under different dosages to avoid excessive use of ether in the future. "

"Don't worry, I'm a professional!" Da Vinci confidently went to an important prison on the seaside of Beihai Kingdom where death row prisoners were held, and began to destroy the murderers in the prison...

...

After Leonardo da Vinci left, Marin also had nothing to do. Da Vinci didn't take away all the ether, after all, Marin made a lot this time, a big bucket. Da Vinci took half a barrel and left half a barrel for Marin.

Marin looks at the chemicals in the lab:

"Ether...Ether is a good thing!"

Marin suddenly remembered that artemisinin in later generations seemed to be made from ether. Because, ether is the strongest extractant in the chemical industry.

However, Marin does not intend to use ether instead of alcohol to extract artemisinin. why? Because ether is poisonous! Artemisinin is a life-saving drug, if there is ether left... the ghost knows whether the medicine is poisonous... Marin is not a chemical major, and he is afraid that ether will remain in the preparation of artemisinin from ether. Therefore, he would rather use alcohol than ether. Anyway, alcohol is actually cheaper. Of course, this is for Marin. Because, he used a laboratory method, and ether was prepared by reacting concentrated sulfuric acid and alcohol. Obviously, alcohol costs less...

Next, Marin used ether as an extractant to play a chemical experiment...

Although he was a liberal arts student in his last life, Marin also likes chemical experiments. The preparation and application of ether is just the knowledge category of middle school chemistry. If the content of college chemistry, he still does not understand.

Marin poured some oil into the ether and found that the oil was dissolved in the ether. If poured into water, it should float on the water. It can be poured into ether and it will dissolve directly.

Then, Marin found another piece of rosin, which soon dissolved in ether. Then he found another piece of beeswax, which also dissolved...

"Beeswax...dissolves...I seem to have grasped something..." Marin thought...

Seeing the concentrated sulfuric acid in a glass bottle on the side, Marin remembered what it was...

It turned out that Marin remembered a recipe for smokeless gunpowder...

In the previous life, as a high school science master... No, I was a master of biology... Marin still knew a lot about middle school chemistry.

Similarly, as a World War I and World War II fan among military fans, he has also read many articles introducing World War I and World War II. Among them, there are articles introducing gunpowder at that time.

For example, smokeless powder is a very important part. Smokeless gunpowder is very important in the history of warfare. Its appearance has made the caliber of firearms continue to shrink, from a large-caliber black powder rifle of about 20 mm to a medium-caliber era of seven or eight mm. Later, a small-caliber rifle of 5.00 millimeters appeared...

Of course, for modern 5:00 caliber small-caliber rifles, the propellant of the bullet is generally a double-base or three-base propellant. That one is a bit complicated, but the first single-base smokeless powder propellant made by the French is very simple in technology.

How easy is it? It is to dissolve dangerous nitrocellulose in ether, and then add some paraffin as a stabilizer. Then, when the ethanol evaporates, what remains is the famous "B gunpowder"...

Nitrocellulose itself is very dangerous, easy to explode, and its performance is very unstable. Therefore, stabilizers must be added before they can be used as gunpowder propellants.

It should be pointed out that propellant and explosive are two concepts. Explosives generally use gunpowder with a high detonation velocity, such as TNT, which has a detonation velocity of 6920 m/s, and nitroglycerin, which has a detonation velocity of up to 7700 m/s. Guizi's Shiase Gunpowder (that is, picric acid) has an explosive speed of 7350 m/s. As for black powder, it is said that the detonation speed is only 500 m/s...

In fact, the explosion speed of nitrocellulose is also very powerful, 6300 m/s. However, nitrocellulose is too unsafe to use directly. But after adding the stabilizer, it can be used, but the explosion speed has dropped to about 2000 m/s, which is reduced to the level of propellant. But if you don't deal with it, you can't apply it, or it will explode as soon as it is transported. Before blowing up the enemy, kill yourself first...

Therefore, the treated nitrocellulose cannot be used as a bomb. For example, warheads for missiles, shells and grenades. It's not that it can't be used as a warhead, but it's not powerful enough. People use explosives with an explosive speed of six or seven kilometers per second. You use propellants as explosives... It's better to wash and sleep early, anyway, you can save a dog's life...