The Rise of the European Emperor

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It should be pointed out that the fire oil in ancient China is not pure oil, but a product extracted from oil, which burns more fiercely than oil. If pure oil is used, the combustion will not be strong enough to achieve sufficient killing effect.

Of course, in terms of burning intensity, gasoline must be the most powerful among oils. In later generations, there are special gasoline bombs. Even, this kind of gasoline bomb can deal with tanks during World War II.

In addition, it needs to be emphasized that the local method of distilling gasoline is very dangerous. Why? The danger is that while distilling gasoline, there will be a by-product liquefied petroleum gas.

Liquefied petroleum gas is more volatile than gasoline, and when it reaches a certain concentration in the air, it will explode when it encounters an open flame, which is extremely dangerous.

However, Marin thought of a way to put the heating area of ​​the tin griddle inside the house, and the part of the pipeline that collects gasoline was cut through the wall and placed outside the house. In this way, even if liquefied petroleum gas, a by-product of refining gasoline, escapes into the air, it is so large outside the house that it will quickly dissipate.

If the vent is placed inside the house, it's dead. Because the space in the house is small, and the liquefied petroleum gas reaches a certain concentration, it will definitely explode when it encounters an open flame heated. Marin, a traveler, didn't want to die, so he modified the tin griddle and placed the exhaust port outside the house, allowing the liquefied petroleum gas to dissipate in the vast space. Of course, it also made the people in the palace smell an unpleasant smell that day.

In fact, letting liquefied petroleum gas escape between heaven and earth is a very wasteful thing. Because liquefied petroleum gas is a very good gas fuel. It can even be used to make steel.

But the problem is that the output of Marin's refining this time is very small, and it is not worth it to set up a pipeline system to collect liquefied petroleum gas. Therefore, Marin simply let the liquefied petroleum gas as a by-product escape between heaven and earth.

Smelling the faint smell of liquefied petroleum gas in the air, Marin said regretfully:

"Liquefied petroleum gas, a bottle of hundreds of dollars a bottle in the previous life, what a waste..."

However, he did not regret letting the liquefied gas escape. why? Because collecting liquefied petroleum gas requires very long pipelines and some special equipment. And if the pipeline is short, if it is ignited immediately, the combustion of liquefied petroleum gas will go back to the gasoline collection area against the short pipeline and ignite the gasoline. Therefore, Marin simply let the liquefied petroleum gas escape outside without wanting to be too troublesome and the output was too small. At the same time, the gasoline collection container is actually placed outside. In this way, the safety of the people in the house can be fully guaranteed. Even if there is a deflagration, it will happen outdoors. You know, Marin is standing in the house directing his subordinates to operate. If there is an explosion or something, he, a time traveler, will go to heaven, and this book can be ended hastily...

...

Although he is not a major in chemistry, Marin still found a picture of a petroleum fractionation tower from his memory of chemistry in middle school. This is a picture of a normal temperature fractionation tower. In this picture, it is clearly marked that liquefied petroleum gas is collected at the top of the tower, while the collection temperature of gasoline is 0140 degrees; paraffin oil is 140180 degrees; kerosene is 180250 degrees; diesel oil It is 250-350 degrees; above 350 degrees, it belongs to the heavy oil range. In addition to asphalt, heavy oil can also be used as fuel. For example, warship steam turbine boilers generally burn heavy oil; lubricating oil is 380,500 degrees... As for those that are not vaporized above 500 degrees, it is the waste of petroleum asphalt. However, asphalt can also be paved...

Of course, this is just a schematic diagram of the simplest normal temperature fractionation tower. The actual oil refining is very complicated. In addition to atmospheric fractional distillation, there is also vacuum fractional distillation. However, if the light gasoline fraction is obtained, it seems that the octane number is not high enough, and catalytic reforming, such as hydrocracking, is required. However, those are too complicated for Marin to understand. He only knows the process of atmospheric fractionation.

Although it is said that the octane number of the gasoline fractionated by the local method may not be high enough.

However, the Marin doesn't need too much octane either. Because, he made this kind of rudimentary soil gasoline, in fact, to carry out fire attacks in wars. If it is a fire attack, this kind of earthen gasoline is definitely enough...

...

Moreover, even if it is the simplest atmospheric fractionation tower, Marin will never be able to do it. With his middle school chemistry level, it is absolutely impossible to control the temperature of each outlet. A tower has seven or eight outlets, and the temperature of each outlet must be controlled within a certain range... This is too difficult... But if the temperature is not well controlled, the fractionation tower will be useless. Because, if there is a deviation in temperature, it is easy to cause the mixing of different fractions and further fractionation...

Moreover, in the low temperature region, the boundary of fractionation temperature is not obvious. For example, light oil within 170 degrees can be processed by catalytic reforming to become high-octane gasoline. So, between gasoline and paraffin oil, paraffin oil and kerosene, the line seems not so clear.

...

So, Marin thought about it, and carried out a second refinement of the remaining oil. However, this time, the refining temperature was increased to 200 degrees. In order to control the temperature, Malin specially monitors the temperature with a mercury thermometer to avoid excessive temperature.

Why is it necessary to prevent overheating? Because Marin used tin...

The melting point of tin is 231 degrees. If the temperature is too high, the container of tin pot will melt, so why not refine it? To refine oil in a higher temperature range, utensils made of copper or iron must be used...

Then, at a high temperature of 200 degrees, Marin made another barrel of mixed oil containing heavy gasoline, paraffin oil and kerosene.

This kind of oil is not as flammable as gasoline, but if it is mixed with gasoline, the firepower is also very fierce. Anyway, Marin just wanted to burn down the wooden city gate of Edinburgh, Scotland, and didn't need gasoline of such high purity.

So, Marin took out half of this mixed oil and mixed it with the previous light gasoline. When mixing, Malinte took the oil in the upper half of the barrel of mixed oil. Because, the lighter the oil, it will float on the upper layer, and the burning ability is stronger. Afterwards, a test was carried out, and it was found that it still burns very fiercely, which can be regarded as a very powerful fire attack oil.

As for the remaining mixed oil in the second half of the barrel, it is estimated that kerosene is the majority. So, Marin asked a craftsman for help and made a simple kerosene lamp. The wick is a thin strip of double-layer felt, and the oil lamp is also equipped with a barbed knob for turning the wick made by the watchmaker with the help of it. The lamp head is stuck on a glass bottle, and a simple glass cover is placed on it to prevent the light of the kerosene lamp from being easily blown out by the wind.

In his previous life, Marin spent his childhood in the countryside. At that time, the power supply in the countryside was very unstable, and there were always intermittent power outages. Therefore, every household in the countryside is equipped with kerosene lamps. Therefore, Marin is very familiar with kerosene lamps, and it is easy to get one. After all, he has a lot of craftsmen under him.

Light gasoline is too volatile and can easily cause deflagration, so it is not suitable as lamp oil. The barrel of mixed oil that Marin got was only part of the non-volatile heavy gasoline, and most of it floated on the upper layer, and it was also mixed with kerosene mixed gasoline for fire attack. The remaining half barrel of oil is mostly composed of kerosene and paraffin oil, which is very suitable for lamp oil. And kerosene lamps are much better than the popular candles and torches. At least, after adding the lampshade, you don't have to worry about being blown out by the wind or sneezing...

In addition, in order to further confuse the outside world, Marin decided to add some fuel to the barrel of mixed gasoline to cover other people's eyes.

Therefore, Marin added red pigment to the mixed gasoline to make the mixed gasoline look bright red like blood. Can you imagine that such red oil is extracted from black oil?

In addition, Marin also added gelatin boiled from fish skin to it, making the mixed gasoline look very viscous. Red and viscous mixed gasoline, if the uninformed can guess the origin, it will be called a ghost.

Of course, the volatile smell of gasoline may be noticeable. So, Marin added some seasonings to mask the smell, making the smell unpleasant. In this way, it is difficult for ordinary people to smell the smell of gasoline...

In the end, Marin asked someone to use a speedboat to send one of the barrels of semi-mixed gasoline to Newcastle so that the Fourth Army could use it to burn down the gates of Edinburgh. As for the remaining half barrel, Marin thought about it and decided to take it to Italy to see if there was any chance of using it...

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