Three Kingdoms

When Li Dian met Ding Lingren, Fei Qian in Chang'an was making relevant adjustments and arrangements for female officials in the Han Dynasty.

In the hall of the Hussar General's Mansion, in addition to Fei Qian and Pang Tong Xunyou who were accompanying him, there were about ten women sitting there, forming a rare situation of yin and yang declining. Various powders, rouges and incense The scent of Nang intersects in the festival hall, seeming to make this originally solemn and majestic place become gentle.

Fei Qian looked around slightly and felt a little emotional when he saw the female officials headed by Cai Yan, Wang Ying, Zhen Mi, Xin Xianying and others.

It is not that easy to establish a system of qualified female officials.

You know it's not easy, so you have to work harder.

This system of female officials was not something that came up out of Fei Qian's head, nor was Fei Qian the only one who thought about using the abilities and wisdom of women to build the entire political system.

As early as ancient times, people have been trying.

Among those people was Zhou Gong.

In formal occasions, these ladies are still very reserved and only speak when asked. They are not like a gathering of hundreds of ducks at all.

Fei Qian smiled and showed the demeanor of a hussar general. At the beginning of the meeting, he exchanged some daily greetings with these ladies, just like he treated other ordinary scholars.

We asked about life, about reading, what we have been busy with recently, whether we have gone to Qinglong Temple, etc...

This made the slightly nervous ladies gradually relax and become less frightened.

Most of these ladies are the daughters of noble families near the river east of Chang'an. They have all read books, and they are not too bad. Because there was no suitable opportunity before, they seemed to have been quiet for a while compared to other scholars, but now, the right time has come.

The Qinglong Temple Forum is like some summit forums in later generations. Of course, it is not a funny forum, but a real collision of wisdom and theoretical discussion.

Only with a theoretical foundation can we have a practical direction.

Otherwise, if you just think of many things by scratching your head without considering the subsequent consequences, then the original well-intentioned feeding may turn into poisoning.

As the old saying goes, everything has two sides, and as a leader, if you only think of good things...

hehe.

In later generations, some extreme female boxers often say that it is the legacy of feudalism and all kinds of oppression. It seems that during the long years of the Chinese feudal dynasty, women could only stay at home and never go out. Mai seems to be completely isolated from the court...

However, it is not.

Since ancient times, women have actually participated extensively in national government affairs. For example, Fuhao, according to oracle bone inscriptions, was not only the queen of Shang King Wuding, but also a female general who was good at conquering and fighting, and even a priestess who presided over national sacrificial ceremonies.

By the time of the Zhou Dynasty, there was already a relatively formal female official system, and the female official positions recorded in "Zhou Rites" were not all concubines of the king, nor did they only hold some of the power of the harem, but also A considerable number of female officials, such as female historians, have clear positions and responsibilities, which are completely different from concubines.

Before the unification of the Qin Dynasty, most of the time was spent in wars. This led to China gradually forming a pattern in which men dominated outside and women dominated inside, or it was called "men fighting and women farming." The men outside are fighting on the battlefield, and their bodies are covered in yellow sand and horse leather, while the women inside are raising orphans and taking care of their parents. After all, in the Cold War Age, not all women were good wives or Mulan. This division of labor determined by innate characteristics can still be seen even in later peacetimes among some marginal mountain ethnic minorities. Although they There is no need to fight anymore.

Therefore, although the Qin Dynasty did not expand the female official system of the Zhou Dynasty, and there was even no female official name for a long time, which made people mistakenly think that the Qin Dynasty did not have female officials, in fact, the power of the Queen Mother of the Qin Dynasty and the extension of related powers have always been It lasted until the Han Dynasty.

The frequency of wars, coupled with the lack of medical technology and other technologies, caused heavy casualties from kings and generals to people at dawn, and it was even possible for them to die directly in young adults. It is precisely because of this, "The Queen Mother From the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, the "listening to government system" became a default strategy for governing the country.

It's a pity that the allure of power is too great. Even in later generations, some bureaucrats who have a high degree of education and a certain amount of knowledge will still blatantly say that they can represent a certain agency, and even forget that there should be other agencies before. The word "people" is not to mention the Queen Mother's gang during the Qin and Han Dynasties. In order to ensure their own authority, the Queen Mother and her relatives deposed the emperor, colluded with the ministers, and controlled the government. In the middle and late Han Dynasty, the system of the Queen Mother and her relatives began to go to extremes. It also began to flourish and decline, and was gradually disliked and guarded against by people.

It was the female official system in the Tang Dynasty that also went to extremes, leading to its prosperity and decline.

The Tang Dynasty was the peak of the status of female officials.

At least that's what Fei Qian thinks.

The system of female officials in the Tang Dynasty generally inherited the system of the Sui Dynasty and was supplemented and improved. In addition to being responsible for the regular management of palace affairs and participating in national sacrificial ceremonies, female officials in the Tang Dynasty were sometimes assigned by the emperor to perform other tasks, such as acting as the emperor's envoys to offer condolences, offering condolences, etc. Their responsibilities were clearer and more extensive than those in the Sui Dynasty. . The emergence of Empress Wu Zetian also encouraged women to participate in politics. During this period, the number of women participating in politics and their great influence were very rare among the entire Chinese dynasties.

During the Yuan and Song Dynasties, perhaps because of Wu Zetian, the suppression was more serious.

During the Ming Dynasty, there was another rise of female officials. The Ming Dynasty followed the "Six Ranks" system of female officials in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, attached great importance to the construction of a team of female officials, and had a set of strict regulations regarding the appointment, appointment and performance of female officials. After all, Zhu Yuanzhang came from the common people, but since Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, emperors gradually began to reuse eunuchs. By the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the administration of the harem was mostly controlled by eunuchs, and the power of female officials existed in name only.

As for the Qing Dynasty, which may be favored by certain women because of their braids...

It's terrible. In fact, it should be regarded as the most brutal dynasty that oppressed women, especially Han women.

It was better in the Song Dynasty. After all, the little girl Li Qingzhao could still drink everywhere, and it would be fine if she drank until she didn't know where to go. She could also write lyrics and sing songs. If she had changed to the Qing Dynasty, she might have to end up in a pig cage?

Therefore, overall, the heyday of female officials in the Chinese Dynasty was during the Han and Tang Dynasties. These two dynasties also followed two different routes, one was the queen mother system and the other was the palace official system.

But now, Fei Qian wants neither.

The reason is simple, both of these are very pitfalls.

The key is that after the trap is over, it will also affect the subsequent court structure.

As for the system of the queen mother's relatives in the Han Dynasty, the emperors and ministers of the subsequent dynasties reached a consensus on waterproofing and fireproofing the queen mother. Even so, it still could not stop the queen mother from stretching out her claws to cause destruction, especially Cixi.

In order to protect her own status, the Queen Mother just messed around, even at the expense of destroying the original political ecology...

Then Wu Zetian, who became the queen from the Empress Dowager, developed the prosperous palace official system, which directly replaced the original three provinces and six ministries, and used palace officials to control foreign ministers. Although it was Wu Zetian's corresponding method to consolidate his power. , but the consequences of their various extreme behaviors were borne by other women. So after the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty began to think about giving women small shoes, which they wore for hundreds of years.

Therefore, Fei Qian feels that these two institutional structures are not very good and both have certain hidden dangers.

For Fei Qian, female officials were a useful supplement to the political ecology, a powerful chess piece in dividing the gentry system, and an important component in expanding the inheritance of Chinese culture.

As times change, policies must change accordingly.

During the Warring States Period, kings and generals were on the front line. Wars were frequent and death was common. At the same time, there were relatively few officials in the central court, so the queen mother system was inevitably born. On the one hand, the Queen Mother had to endure the pain of losing her husband and shoulder the heavy responsibility of raising her children. On the other hand, she had to try her best to prevent the entire system from collapsing and the country from declining.

Later, with the expansion of the central court, the overall environment was relatively stable. The cake between the Queen Mother and the Prime Minister, the relatives and the three princes did not expand, and it became all kinds of ugly when they competed with each other...

Not only the imperial power, but actually the power of the prime minister, and even all kinds of authority, as long as they can bring benefits, there will naturally be competition. These competitions are not only open races, but also secretly throwing sand. Some throw sand, some stuff nails in, others pretend to be positive but are not helping, they are full of tricks.

"There is a record in Zhou Li Tianguan that the emperor's queen is the same as the emperor, and the wife after the queen is like the three princes to the king. Therefore, the female officials are in charge of women's studies, so as to teach their women the six arts of governing virtues like a scholar. ” Fei Qian said slowly, “Such as sacrifices, guests, funerals and other major events of life and death, as well as daily duties such as pulp, wine, glutinous rice, glutinous rice, silk, and glutinous rice, etc., all can be held by female officials, either as chiefs or in charge. , can be a sergeant or a corporal..."

Fei Qian set the tone first.

No one had any opinions.

Because this is not Fei Qian’s baseless originality. At the Qinglong Temple, isn't it exactly Zheng Xuan who is talking about the three rites? In the Zhou rites, there is already a theoretical basis for these contents, so naturally no one has any objections to Fei Qian's words.

This is the general outline.

It is also the basis of the entire female official system.

Scholars, both men and women can be scholars, and they can be both upright and supportive.

After Fei Qian finished speaking, the first group of ladies in the hall exchanged glances with some excitement.

This means that they have a wider space, not just limited to one place, but may even become chief officers like men!

Even though it was just Fei Qian's dictation at the moment and it was not completely written down, it was enough to make them feel as if a broad stage was unfolding, and they were about to step onto this stage to dance!

This is a necessity.

With the expansion of Feiqian's political system and the increasing population of the three auxiliaries of Chang'an, especially the tombs around Chang'an City, the affairs related to people's livelihood have become increasingly onerous, and of course the number of officials required has also increased.

If it is just to maintain basic rule, then the current officials are barely enough. But what Fei Qian wants is not just enough, but greater development, so he must refine his responsibilities and carry out more work. Social division of labor.

This social division of labor naturally includes the division of labor among officials.

These people's livelihood affairs positions are not only held by men. Women can also do a good job, and sometimes they may even be more detailed and thoughtful than men.

Letting qualified women join the ranks of officials to supplement various management needs under the social division of labor has become an inevitable choice for Fei Qian at the moment.

Fei Qian spoke very slowly.

People around me also listened very carefully.

Because what Fei Qian said is the general tone and is very important.

"Women are not as powerful as men, so strength is their job and there is no need to force them to be the same as men." Fei Qian said slowly, "However, a woman's wisdom is the same as that of a man. Therefore, since wisdom is the most important task, they share the same duties and responsibilities." 』

Fei Qian paused again and looked around.

Everyone nodded in approval.

Fortunately, in the current era of big men, there is nothing similar to the kind of lady who can't see any men breathing in the same area, which will make her feel the stench and even suffocate...

Fei Qian also continued: "Everyone has his own aspirations and talents. From now on, ladies are willing to be good at farming, those who are good at work, and those who are good at writing. For this reason, you can choose what you want." You also need to compete on the same stage as men, and take the test in the same field, and the standards will be the same. 』

Previously, whether it was Cai Yan who served as the Zhiyin Supervisor or Zhen Mi who served as the Dahan Chamber of Commerce, they were directly appointed by Fei Qian, but now, the follow-up channels will be formalized.

After all, whoever eats crabs first will naturally get a discount, otherwise who would dare to eat crabs next?

And those who shrink back when others stand up, and then scream unfairly after others eat the crab, have they ever thought about the courage and effort that others put in before eating the crab?

No one had any objections to this point. Even Pang Tong chuckled and said: "If there is a woman who is willing to imitate the good woman and win a decisive victory on the battlefield, there is nothing wrong..."

"Things on the battlefield are not as good as literature. The matter of life and death is no trivial matter..." Xun You on the other side also said, "The martial arts hall has set up a female barracks and is recruiting strong girls for training... If you are interested in the battlefield, or You can try it first..."

The new women's camp in the martial arts hall was established not long ago.

This is the supporting system of female officials.

If there are female officers, of course there must be female soldiers.

After all, not all female officials are like Zhen Mi or Wang Shu, or they can be accompanied by a team of domestic private soldiers, or they have some martial arts skills. Therefore, after a female official officially takes office, it is necessary to equip female guards, or Be prepared in advance.

On the other hand, it is also a useful supplement to the army.

In fact, female soldiers will be promoted in the army in future generations, not only in battlefield care, but also in many other aspects to make up for deficiencies. Because of their characteristics, women are more careful and approachable than male soldiers, and have advantages in many aspects such as organizing people.

During the Warring States Period, Mozi included records of organizing strong women in his city defense strategy.

In Shang Yang's reform, there was also the system of strong women's army.

Therefore, Fei Qian asked someone to set up a female barracks at Jiangwutang Military Academy, which was not an earth-shattering initiative.

Female generals on the battlefield, fighting for thousands of miles, most of the ladies present can just listen to it, most of them have no intention of fighting, so after listening to Pang Tong and Xun You's additions, they didn't have too many opinions, they just said Consider the standards Fei Qian mentioned before and the related matters of "same duties and same responsibilities".

Zhen Mi pondered for a while and then said softly, her voice was thin and soft, just like a cat stretching out its white paws to press something, "May I ask my lord, what are the test items for the selection of this female officer?" 』

"Tested by female officials..." Fei Qian said with a smile, "Same as men, the most important thing is ability, and positions are determined based on talent. As the saying goes, people with the same duties and responsibilities naturally have the same experience. 』

One thing, often with different perspectives, brings different feelings. But in any case, Fei Qian was the first to point out that female officials do not put appearance first, but ability.

Of course, like most scholars, or even in later generations, people with outstanding appearance will often receive some preferential treatment innately. This is a problem that cannot be completely eliminated, nor can it be completely avoided.

For example, the same two dishes have the same price. One is beautifully and meticulously presented, pleasing to the eye, and the other is piled on top of each other in a mess, even though the ingredients on the two plates are the same from raw materials to cooking techniques. Yes, just the difference in presentation, I'm afraid the sales volume will be very different.

Therefore, Fei Qian said that focusing on talents first is considered very good.

After all, the same is true on the man's side, and there is a black bun sitting beside him as proof. Historically, Pang Tong was a hairless chicken. When he was not famous yet, he was often criticized.

Pang Tong couldn't help but turn to him when he saw the eyes of the girls. He felt a little embarrassed, coughed, and pinched his beard...

In fact, Pang Tong understood that Fei Qian had some hidden intentions, but it was just not convenient for him to say them out.

For example, during exams, it used to be a competition between men. Whoever fell behind would mostly lament that their skills were inferior to others, or they would mutter about whether there was some shady story or something like that. But now if there are women with the same skills, Taiwanese sports, and then women compare them to articles, poems, strategies, etc. Those men who fall behind will inevitably be laughed at. To a certain extent, this is also for those men who are trying to equalize. a stimulus.

This is one of them.

The second aspect is to promote the speed of discussion in Qinglong Temple.

This time at Qinglong Temple, more people participated than in the previous one, and when there were more people, their thoughts became complicated.

Even though Fei Qian had done a lot of work in advance and was constantly adjusting and standardizing during the process, the human heart is always extremely complex and will twist in some inexplicable directions from time to time, and Fei Qian at this time The high-profile launch of female officials is actually to indicate that if the male scholars in Qinglong Temple continue to be unable to unite and continue to be chaotic and arguing, then their original positions may be occupied by female officials...

It depends on whether these scholars are in a hurry or not?

As for the third aspect...

Obviously, this aspect has already shown results.