Three Kingdoms

Chang'an.

Fei Qian was a little surprised when he received the news that Cao Cao was conducting a large-scale crackdown on officials and spies.

Pigeon Express, the mission will be fulfilled.

It's a pity that those eyeliners can't be packed up at once and sent back to Chang'an by express delivery...

In history, Cao Cao seems to have never done such a thing.

I don’t know if such a change should be considered a good thing or a bad thing.

But in any case, the actions of hunting down spies under Cao Cao's rule did bring certain dangers to Fei Qian's informants sent to Cao Cao.

"I have ordered that those who have not been exposed should hide for a period of time and do not act rashly," Fei Qian told Pang Tong, "I guess what the Prime Minister did is just a gust of wind and cannot last long... In addition, let Changshan Taiyuan, Tongguan Hangu , Wuguan Wancheng is ready to mobilize some capable soldiers. If necessary, small troops can be dispatched to respond. Well, just in the name of patrolling and hunting..."

Pang Tong nodded and took note.

There is only so much Fei Qian can do for these guys now.

"By the way, Derun," Fei Qian was silent for a while, hesitating a little, but he still turned to Kan Ze and said, "If someone is really arrested, most of them will be transferred to Xu County and thrown into prison for strict interrogation." ...If he is lax and involves too much, so that others are in danger...On the one hand, the relevant people must be notified in time, and on the other hand..."

Kanze understood and responded: "I should inform you of the action and make people ready." 』

Fei Qian nodded slightly.

Such an order may cause some people to die, but it will also protect the survival of some people.

Fei Qian has to think about issues like this almost every day, and sometimes has to give up some, including some of his own original cognitions and emotions.

Directly send troops to support Cao Cao's rule?

Like Saving G.I.?

Even Mi Gou knows that that thing is a movie. In later generations, millions of insects died in the United States, and they didn’t even move an eyebrow. How could they still expect that what was shown in the movie was true?

Of course I will do it to save people.

But there is a degree.

It's like the humane spirit that existed in ancient China.

"If both father and son are in the army, the father will return home; if both brothers are in the army, the older brother will return home; if an only son has no brothers, he will return home to be raised." "Wars still have to be fought by people, and it doesn't mean that everyone goes home for the sake of so-called "humanitarianism." This was said by Wei Wuji, recorded in historical records, and later often used by Chinese generals in other eras.

China has always had this spirit, but it is not as loud as the United States. In fact, speaking of it, isn't this better than the United States pretending to send all three brothers to the battlefield knowing that they are all serving in the army? The so-called adaptation of real events means that the fact that the three brothers went to the battlefield is real. As for the following ones, they are adapted.

So I have to admire that in some respects, the United States has long suppressed China in the spiritual battlefield. And after being beaten all over their bodies, some people in China even developed Stockholm Syndrome...

Fei Qian believes that this is due to a lack of education.

In addition, some people will intentionally or unintentionally overgeneralize, grasp a little problem and magnify it infinitely, and then confuse the facts by telling some facts instead of facts...

Just like saving these people, naturally they will do it, but there will always be people saying why not send a plane? After the plane was dispatched, some people said that my husband, my father, and I have such-and-such positions, and I have to take priority. Why should a commoner and a pariah be in front of me...

Officials are always a very important part of politics.

Human civilization is always progressing in its continuous development, and China is no exception. In this process, outstanding talents are an indispensable part of the development process, so a good talent training and selection system is particularly important.

Cultivation involves the education system.

Selection is naturally related to the bureaucracy.

The education system affects the bureaucracy, and the bureaucracy affects the education system. Therefore, in later generations, many times it seems that it is a matter of academic circles, beasts, teachers' ethics, or books, but in fact it involves more than just the education system.

What Fei Qian wants to do now is build a system.

The bureaucratic system also includes the education system.

China has a long history and culture. In order to ensure that outstanding talents can continue to contribute to the construction of the country, all dynasties have been constantly exploring and improving the talent selection system.

From the early hereditary system and the imperial examination system to the imperial examination system in the Han Dynasty, to the nine-rank Zhongzheng system in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and later the imperial examination system in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, they are all the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese ancestors.

It's like scolding the previous steamed buns when you're full after eating the last steamed bun. Without the exploration and research of generations of ancestors, who would know what model should be used to select talents?

Fei Qian wanted to implement the imperial examination system earlier. Because the imperial examination system was proven to be effective and had a huge influence on China, it was a talent selection system that was continued to be used even in later generations.

To enlighten the people, it is easy to shout slogans but difficult to implement them in practice.

To a certain extent, the imperial examination opened up people's wisdom to a certain extent.

Knowledge was originally monopolized and has always been attempted to be monopolized.

King Wen of Zhou killed the witches and allowed the knowledge to "open up the people's wisdom" from the witches and reach the hands of the nobles.

Then the aristocrats of the Spring and Autumn Period tried to monopolize knowledge, and then Qin Shihuang came on stage and beat the old aristocrats of the Six Kingdoms until they could no longer take care of themselves, thus causing knowledge to move from the aristocrats to more aristocratic families...

Fei Qian believes that if nothing unexpected happens, the expansion of knowledge, that is, "opening up people's wisdom", will develop repeatedly and evolve and spread in this way. Not only are the currently controlled classes constantly trying to monopolize, and they are constantly greedy to absorb excess profits, but they are also demanded by a wider range. At an irreconcilable moment, a huge conflict breaks out, and the original monopoly class is killed. It was overthrown, hung on a street lamp, and then expanded to a wider area, and then gradually a new one grew out of the ruins, a new monopoly class that was more numerous than the previous group.

This is the process of "opening up people's wisdom" confirmed by Fei Qian.

And this process is irreversible. That is similar to entropy increase.

Because humans are curious.

So in later generations, those who have monopoly on knowledge and control the media will simply use junk information, boring videos, and the push of big data to occupy the time that humans should originally acquire knowledge through curiosity to delay this "entropy increase." process".

But some people will still wake up. Not everyone is willing to lie flat, even if they say they want to lie flat, or even spread out...

Fei Qian asked Kan Ze to do something, and then asked Pang Tong to convene a meeting with some core people.

At least, among the people surrounding Fei Qian at the moment, no one was lying flat.

"After the spring plowing, the imperial examination must be implemented in every county. ” Fei Qian said slowly, “Only if the county-level imperial examination system is established, this can last long. 』

Fei Qian first made a general request, and then explained: "The reason why the former Qin Dynasty defeated the six countries was that military titles were its most important factor." All the people of Qin were striving to be the first, but only the princes of the Six Kingdoms were striving to be the first. 』

Those who win the hearts and minds of the people win the world. The system of the Qin Dynasty at that time was the realistic OnLine version of the upgraded version of monster fighting for all.

After pushing down small monsters, then elite monsters, and then knocking down six big bosses, Qin Shihuang once wanted to find the next target of the Xiongnu, but unfortunately he failed to successfully transfer the battlefield...

In different stages of history, the individual rulers are different, and the concept of "people", or the scope of its understanding, is always shaking and changing.

Just like the so-called "growing up under the red flag" in later generations, some officials will naturally blurt out words such as "untouchable" and "difficult people".

When you find one cockroach in your home, it often means there are more than one. Killing a cockroach is not difficult, but getting rid of them from your home becomes much more difficult.

What Fei Qian can do is to talk more thoroughly with these top think tanks at the beginning, and then make the protective net stronger, and then leave some methods that can be reinforced, prevented, and repaired. , as for what it will ultimately be like thousands of years later, Fei Qian doesn’t know.

"During the Pre-Qin Dynasty, we used Guanzhong, Sichuan and Shu to support the army and fought against the six kingdoms. The people did not get millet and wine, and the king did not get new clothes..." Fei Qian said slowly, "Now Hangu is used to occupy Shandong. Not to mention you, Even the people can drink wine and get clothes for the New Year. May I ask, why? 』

Xun You said: "It's because of the difference in yield per mu." Guanzi said, "A farmer needs to cultivate a hundred acres all year round, and the harvest from a hundred acres is only twenty minutes." The land of Qilu is richer than Qin. If this is the case, what's more, there was no Zhengguo Canal in the pre-Qin period. ? 』

Pang Tong on the other side also said: "The Qin Dynasty opened the Zhengguo Canal and irrigated more than 40,000 hectares of land, harvesting every acre of it. It was considered a grand event and was written about." However, now there are tens of thousands of hectares in Guanzhong, Longyou in the east of the river, and tens of thousands of hectares in Sichuan, Shu and Hanzhong. This is the difference between upper and lower. 』

Fei Qian nodded slowly.

The rest generally agreed.

There is no specific documentation on the ancient Chinese yield per mu, so it is impossible to know, but it is certainly not much. Firstly, the food cultivation system has not yet been established, and secondly, the production tools are still very low.

There are only rough descriptions in ancient times. For example, there is a record in "Mencius": "A man has a hundred acres, and a hundred acres of dung. The upper farmer feeds nine people, the last farmer feeds eight people, the middle farmer feeds seven people, the middle farmer feeds six people, and the lower farmer feeds six people." Five people. 』

There are almost identical records in the Book of Rites, indicating that during the Spring and Autumn Period, this yield standard was probably widely recognized. Calculated based on a medium-sized field, the yield was approximately 80 to 110 kilograms.

Of course, this is tare weight.

If the harvest in ancient China was shelled, 20%-30% of the weight would be lost.

The standard recorded by Mencius was in Qilu, a place with relatively flat terrain and convenient irrigation. At that time, the Qin State was Xirong, which was mostly nomadic and had no Zheng Guo Canal. Bronze vessels were mainly used as weapons. Most farmers can only use wooden sticks, shovels, etc...

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chinese agriculture underwent revolutionary changes, mainly reflected in the comprehensive development of iron cattle farming and irrigation agriculture. During this period, many major irrigation projects were built in various countries, such as the Hangou dug by the Wu State, the Chuangou dug by King Wei Hui of the Wei State, the Twelve Zhangshui Canals built under the leadership of Ximen Bao of the Wei State, Dujiangyan in Shu County of Qin State, Qin State Zheng Guo Canal in Guoguanzhong, Ling Canal in Lingnan in Qin Dynasty, Shaopi Project in Chu State, etc. The development of iron cattle farming and irrigation agriculture has greatly improved agricultural productivity, which is directly reflected in the increase in average grain output.

By the early Han Dynasty, it was basically one stone per acre, or even one and a half stones.

Fei Qian asked: "If this is the case, how can the land increase its yield?" 』

"Haha, this is the four things of planting, fertilizing, irrigating, and plowing that can increase it, and the four things of cultivating, weeding, harvesting, and plowing can detract from it. ” Zao Zhi was of course very familiar with this, and he said with a crackle.

Fei Qian nodded again, and then asked: "So, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when various countries built water conservancy projects and developed agriculture and mulberry trees, was it for the people?" To fight? During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, the art of water conservancy and farming and mulberry cultivation have been mastered. How can you attach great importance to it? Or why should you take it lightly? 』

Everyone started thinking.

The answer to this question is not that there is none, but that it is difficult to answer.

After all, the slogans were loud before.

"Therefore, the country must not forget the war." Fighting in heaven and earth, fighting inside and outside, it is all. ” Fei Qian said slowly, “Only when we know that there is a war, can we focus on agriculture, mulberry and water conservancy. Only when we know the advantages and disadvantages can we work together to move forward. 』

"The Duke of Zhoutian and Jingtian was almost private in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The methods of the former Qin Dynasty could defeat the armies of the six kingdoms, but they were defeated by the people of the six kingdoms. Therefore, it is easy to win the army, but it is not easy to rebel against the people. ” Fei Qian looked at everyone, “So this is why time has changed and circumstances have changed, and what it means to keep pace with the times. People in ancient times cultivated by slash and burn, but now oxen plow and iron plow, how can they be the same? In ancient times, the people were in poverty. There was no land left, and the officials should do nothing to avoid chaos. Nowadays, the people can have a surplus, food and clothing, and they think about honor and disgrace. This is the trend of the times and cannot be stopped. In ancient times, when people were cultivating with swords and plows, they had nothing to wear and nothing to eat. Is it true that no one in the world wants to be like this? 』

"The imperial examination is also what the people want. If you go against it, you will die, but if you go with it, you will survive." ” Fei Qian concluded, “Since the beginning of the Han Dynasty, if farmers have their fields, the country will be peaceful and the people will be safe, the world will be at peace, the rule of Wen and Jing will be restored, and the Guangwu Zhongxing will be like this. Now that Guanzhong is victorious over Shandong, it is not because the people of Guanzhong have the ability to be first. It is just because the people of Guanzhong are vying to be first, while in Shandong, only the sons of aristocratic families are vying to be first..."

It is difficult for Fei Qian to popularize a clear theory of productivity and production relations to these people in the Han Dynasty. After all, when Fei Qian was receiving education, it took him a long time to barely understand related issues such as the force and reaction force of productivity and production relations. , then how can we expect people like Han Han, who have no relevant concepts at all, to be able to suddenly understand and draw parallels after just two or three words?

Therefore, Fei Qian can only extend it from the most basic, that is, what these people can directly observe, to the imperial examination system, and the imperial examination system was indeed gradually born due to the development of productive forces...

The imperial examination is the political pursuit of a large number of children from poor families.

A poor family is not really poor, but a small landowner.

The historical imperial examination system came into being in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the emergence of a system must have certain conditions. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the landlord economy developed rapidly. In the process from war to stability, the society was stable, the economy was prosperous, and the country was prosperous. In such an environment, , the small landowners' basic life was satisfied, and they began to yearn for politics.

In order to ensure that one's own interests are not arbitrarily deprived of by upper-level political groups, political representatives will inevitably be produced and asked to give political interests...

This is often seen even in later generations.

Well, this refers to the United States.

The meaning expressed by Fei Qian is not complicated. It is that the times are developing and no one wants to go back to the ancient times and live the hard life.

The same goes for officials.

After becoming an official, who still thinks that he is a member of the "people" and is willing to go back and become a member of the "people"? Except for those few great men and a small number of officials with high faith values, I believe that most of the officials would not be willing to be beaten to death.

Feiqian is no exception.

This is also true for Pang Tong, Xun You, Sima Yi, etc.

Sometimes you will live if you take a step forward, but you will die if you take a step back.

Xiong Da has already explained everything with his body.

Chinese people are good at summarizing.

The big man only has three legs: Qingliu, his wife, and the eunuch. If one of his legs fails, the big man will become crooked and fall down.

The rulers of the Sui and Tang Dynasties saw the lessons learned from the past and felt that it was necessary to have many feet to be stable. Therefore, a large number of small landowners began to yearn for political power and began to pursue a more detailed and stable life. With the joint efforts of the top and bottom, the imperial examination The examination system came into being.

Those original monopolies were put on the street.

Because the emergence of the imperial examination system broke the previous sectarian view, some people, even if they were born in poverty, could still obtain political status by relying on their true talents and knowledge, and it was no longer the case that the aristocratic children could dominate the world with one hand.

The interview system of this system allows children from poor families to see the future and have hope in their hearts, so that they will not despair. At the same time, the officials who have passed the examination have certain talents. Even if they are from a humble background, they can stand up through their own efforts. The unfairness will be relatively reduced, and the accumulated resentment among the people will also be reduced, thus providing a better environment for the people. The overall stability of society brings certain benefits.

In the eyes of rulers, if they want to stabilize society, prevent people from rioting, and threaten their dominance, they must come up with a way that can convince everyone. This is the case with the imperial examination system.

Fei Qian wanted to prevent the Wei and Jin crises from happening again in China, not by killing Sima Yi, but by establishing a novel talent selection method, that is, the imperial examination.

The guiding force of the imperial examination is undoubtedly huge, so Confucianism also relies on the imperial examination to continue to prosper.

What Fei Qian has to do now is to unify his thoughts and let these people spread this thought on his behalf before the imperial examination begins. He also needs to incorporate agriculture, industry, and related ideas at the very beginning of the imperial examination. Industrial examination methods and relevant systems should be formulated to prevent the imperial examination from jumping on one leg and going astray.

"In March, Gongda was in charge of Youfufeng, and Zijing was in charge of the imperial examinations in the counties of Longxi, Longyou." Fei Qian assigned tasks, "Zhongda was in the north of Shangjun in the east of Hedong, and Ziyu went to Hanzhong." As for Shangdang Taiyuan, Liang Dao is still in charge, and Sichuan and Shu let Yuan Zhi arrange it..."

"Everyone," Fei Qian said with a serious face, "I am here to supervise the imperial examination system, which is of course a very important task. However, it is also your important responsibility to gather the bosses from all over the counties and villages to make them know the wonders of the imperial examination and comply with the principles of heaven and earth... 』