Three Kingdoms

As the news of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui's debate in the manor spread, more and more people began to gather at Qinglong Temple.

Some even rushed to Sima Manor, but were stopped by soldiers who had been prepared.

After all, a debate between two elders doesn't require too many listeners.

That's right, there are some things that don't need to be verified by the so-called "public opinion" as to whether they are right or wrong. Sometimes "public opinion" may not be correct, just like many people in later generations who promote so-called "public opinion" on the Internet. These people use false and fabricated intercepted clips to deceive the public and stir up disputes, and then the people behind the scenes are free.

Whether the theories of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui are correct also does not require other people to verify them.

The speed of the two people's argument has gradually slowed down from the fierce confrontation at the beginning. It seems that it is because of fatigue or the need to search for deeper things, so sometimes there will be silence between them, and then after a while Someone said something, and then the other person didn't answer immediately. He was silent for a while, and then said something again...

The sun gradually began to tilt towards the west, and the clouds began to increase at some point.

Guoyuan, who was recording in the audience, was already a little numb.

On the one hand it was surprise, on the other hand it was fear.

It's very simple. In the later stages of the debate between Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, if some of the remarks made were spread out, many of them were "rebellious and unethical". When ordinary people talked about it, the lighter ones were blocked, and the more serious ones were to disband the group, and the more serious ones were There is a risk of having your water meter checked.

gods.

Son of Heaven.

Sheji.

Family.

No matter which topic it is, it is a heavyweight bomb that can blow the people around it to pieces.

As far as the text itself is concerned, it is actually just a few strokes, dotted horizontally and vertically, but the text composed of just these symbols contains too many things behind it, whether it expresses meaning, expresses emotion, slanders, or praises. Either there is a needle hidden in the fabric, or there is a violation of the law, all of which may offend those in power and lead to death. In fact, if we use a more modern term, literary prison is actually "ideological struggle."

In the future, multimedia should be added.

The mouthpiece always belongs to the ruling class.

Literary prison has existed in all dynasties.

In fact, many literary prisons are struggles.

When Su Dongpo was the governor of Huzhou, he was caught by his political enemies because of an insignificant "Huzhou Thank You", which was nothing more than asking the emperor to say hello and talking about what he had done as the governor. He exerted himself so much that he almost got people killed in prison. Of course, the most regrettable thing is that because love started with words, Mrs. Su Shi panicked and burned many of Mr. Dongpo's manuscripts. This is really a pity.

Therefore, Fei Qian had to watch on the sidelines and hide part of the content.

This will make people feel a little helpless, but it is really not suitable to throw out all these contents at the moment.

In other words, it is not suitable for the time being.

Guoyuan is also well-read, and he will naturally not say that he doesn’t know what to say about the allusions spoken by Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui. His memory is also good, and his literary talent is also good, so he not only recorded what the two said content, and also described the expressions of the two of them, and wrote them down...

The dark clouds in the sky gathered quickly, and it seemed like it would rain soon.

Hua Tuo arrived and saluted Fei Qian in the corridor.

Hua Tuo was originally going to the countryside for medical treatment. He was caught up not far from Chang'an Medical Center and returned again.

"Have you brought all the necessary medicines?" If it's not all there, send someone to the Hundred Medical Center to get it as soon as possible. Fei Qian stood outside the hall, looking at the two old people in the hall, and said to Hua Tuo.

Fei Qian was indeed a little worried.

"Bring them all." Hua Tuo gestured to the medicine box behind him, then stood next to Fei Qian, looking at the two people in the hall with his head stretched out. After a moment, he frowned, "How long have they been arguing?" 』

"It started yesterday. Fei Qian said.

"yesterday? ! "Hua Tuo's eyes widened and he looked a little nervous, "That would be troublesome..."

Hua Tuo thought that the two continued to argue for two days and one night. In that case, there would be great danger.

Staying up late is actually very harmful to humans.

Since the time of ancient evolution, humans have not been equipped to stay up late.

On the contrary, human beings need adequate sleep for physical functions to restore energy or repair some damage caused by daytime operations.

Young people cannot stay up late often, and older people are even less suitable to stay up late. Therefore, those who frequently talk about good fortune and only ask employees to stay up late to work without mentioning various subsidies for overtime pay are almost equivalent to chronic poisoning and seeking wealth and death.

Fei Qian added: "The two of us had a rest last night. 』

Hua Tuo was obviously relieved after hearing this, "It's not bad, it's not bad..."

However, Hua Tuo's expression did not relax completely because of this. He was still nervously looking back and forth on the faces of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui.

"Can you give them a break?" Hua Tuo said, "They are all very tired now. I'm worried... It would be good to send some water in..."

"Sent..." Fei Qian pointed to the food and water that had been knocked over in the hall, "They sent it in a long time ago. They... sent it twice, both times like this..."

There is a word called forgetting to eat and sleep.

This is the current state of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui.

They have forgotten everything around them. Even if there is food and water placed in front of them, they will regard it as a disturbance and then subconsciously sweep it away.

Hua Tuo frowned, "Can't you stop?" If we interrupt now, there shouldn't be much danger..."

Fei Qian was silent for a while, and then said: "Although there are some differences in civil and military affairs, it can be said that this... is the battlefield for the two of them... The two of them are warriors fighting hard on the battlefield, do you understand?" It has entered the final stage at this time. If I join in, or someone interrupts them, it will be equivalent to their previous efforts being wasted... Moreover, at this age, do you think they still have energy, or are still Do you have time to fight next time? 』

Hua Tuo also fell silent, and then sighed.

Fei Qian and Hua Tuo stood in the hall, watching silently.

Around the hall, soldiers and guards also stood silently.

In the manor and further away, everyone tried their best to keep quiet.

Only two hoarse voices sounded from time to time in the hall...

"There may be some trouble..." Hua Tuo said suddenly, "I need someone to boil the medicine as soon as possible..."

Fei Qian was stunned for a moment, then waved.

Xu Chu took a few steps forward to obey the order.

"Have someone bring the stove and boil the medicine here." Fei Qian said.

Xu Chu handed over his hand and quickly started to ask people to prepare.

Fei Qian didn't want to see the half-cooked medicine, accidentally slipping his hand, or bumping into and knocking over when going out, etc. He was boiling medicine right in front of the hall, even though it might cause a wooden board. Or the railings left traces of charcoal fire, but compared with the safety of the medicine, they are trivial matters.

Hua Tuo's face became a little tight, "General, please send someone to Taicang... I'm afraid I can't handle it alone... Doctor Taicang is not only good at women and children, but also has first-aid acupuncture, which is as good as mine..."

If something really goes wrong, of course we have to race against time. If both people are in crisis, Hua Tuo will naturally be at his wits end. As a Taicang lineage expert in delivering babies to women, he will naturally use acupuncture to stimulate human body functions and stimulate potential. He also has rich experience in emergency rescue.

Fei Qian immediately signaled, and the guards immediately took orders and hurried away.

Perhaps because of nervousness, perhaps to clarify his thoughts, or perhaps because he wanted to explain to Fei Qian, Hua Tuo grabbed the medicinal materials from the large medicine box and said, "I should have thought of it... I am overworked, and I am in love." Aspirations are stimulated...it's troublesome...wind-induced disease is the last disease, rain-related disease is in the abdomen, obscurity is caused by confusion, and clear-conscious disease is caused by heart disease..."

wind and rain?

Fei Qian looked up at the sky.

Clouds accumulate and the sky becomes dark.

It seemed that some faint sounds of wind and thunder were coming, blowing through the treetops and roofs in rapid and slow bursts.

For Fei Qian, this was just a thunderstorm on a summer afternoon.

But for the elderly, every rapid change in solar terms and rise and fall in temperature are potential invisible threats.

Doctor Taicang also came in a hurry and stood beside Hua Tuo with a stern look on his face.

In the hall, it seemed that the argument was coming to an end.

"...The body, hair and skin are received by parents and do not dare to damage them. This is the beginning of filial piety." Establishing oneself and practicing the Way, making one's name known to future generations, to show one's parents, is the ultimate form of filial piety. Filial piety to a husband begins with serving relatives, ends with serving the king, and ends with establishing oneself. "Daya" says: "My ancestors have no thoughts, and they cultivate their virtues." This is filial piety..."

"But don't be foolish and filial. As the saying goes, in a country of ten thousand chariots, if there are four contending ministers, the territory will not be reduced; in a country of thousands of chariots, if there are three contending ministers, the country will not be in danger; in a house of one hundred chariots, if there are two contending ministers, the country will not be in danger." , then the ancestral temple will not be destroyed. When a father quarrels with his son, he should not be rude; when a scholar quarrels with his friends, he should not be unjust. Therefore, the son obeys the father, and the son is filial? The minister obeys the king, and the minister is loyal? The reason for judging it is called filial piety and chastity..."

"What is loyalty now?" 』

"What is filial piety?" 』

The two debated for a while, and finally came back to the word "loyalty and filial piety".

Because these two words are actually the foundation of Han Dynasty.

It is also the point of much disagreement.

At the same time, it is also the foundation of Chinese morality and political philosophy.

It is the basis of all customs, all beliefs, and all morals.

The society from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period was a society that was broken down and then rebuilt. On the one hand, the original political authority gradually lost its status, leading to the gradual disintegration of the original social structure. On the other hand, there were large-scale merger wars, and political The power system and social structure seek transformation, and new political ideas begin to emerge.

Only the soil for the birth of hundreds of schools of thought has emerged.

Among various schools of thought, there are corresponding explanations on the concept of loyalty and filial piety. With the changes in social conditions in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the views of loyalty and filial piety among the scholars also changed accordingly.

Filial piety may be earlier. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the word "loyalty" began to appear. Among the two major schools of Confucius and Mohism, whether it was Confucius's idea of ​​loyalty and filial piety, or Mozi's "all-in-one love" model, the difference between the two , it can be clearly seen that people attach great importance to these two words, as well as the elaboration of this theory.

Many current thinkers of the Han Dynasty, including Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, would more or less compare the Han Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty, and then tried to find some experiences that could be used for reference during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods.

After entering the Spring and Autumn Period, the authority of the Zhou royal family continued to decline. Similarly, after the second emperor Huan Ling, the authority of the Han Dynasty also continued to decline.

With the rise of various Warring States periods at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, although in the early days all countries still recognized the status of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty as the suzerainty, powerful powers such as Qi, Chu, and Jin gradually emerged, and the Zhou royal family's absolute status in monarchy and clan lineage was gradually ignored. Likewise, Yes, the current separatist rule of the local powerful Han Dynasty also shows that the rule of the Han Emperor is on the verge of collapse.

This major social change directly affected culture.

Modern and Ancient Prose, Shandong and Shanxi

They are all important nodes of cultural conflict.

The Han Dynasty's original ruling model of the emperor's central prefectures and counties began to collapse, and the definition of the word "loyalty and filial piety" also began to deviate. What is loyalty? What is filial piety? Can the original loyalty and filial piety of the great man still be applied today? If it cannot be used, how should this loyalty and filial piety be defined?

The original political relationship began to collapse, the glory of the statues of the Han Dynasty ceased, and local powerful families began to dominate the place. The word "loyalty" seemed to begin to fade, while the word "filial piety" was increasingly emphasized.

"Loyalty" and "filial piety" were vague concepts of political unity in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, but now they have been cut into independent concepts.

To promote filial piety and integrity, why not promote loyalty and filial piety?

Can integrity replace loyalty? Or does filial piety come before loyalty?

If one explores the origin of "loyalty and filial piety", many people will mention Confucius. Although Confucius mentioned "loyalty" as many as eighteen times in "The Analects", there was no precise definition of "loyalty" in any of them. Among them, seven times "loyalty" was used together, which shows that Confucius actually meant "loyalty" to "loyalty". In fact, the concept of loyalty has not been fully thought out.

As for Mohism, which competed with Confucianism as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the concept of loyalty and filial piety was not complete. The word "loyalty" appears many times in "Mozi", and its connotations are also different. Although it is said that Mozi's group finally showed a loyal side and eliminated the uneasiness in the king's heart by committing suicide or being killed, it also shows that there is actually no connection between the "loyalty and filial piety" of the Mohist family and the "loyalty and filial piety" that the king wanted. , even quite different.

After that, Mencius and Xunzi also began to split, not only on the good and evil nature of nature, but also on the aspect of "loyalty and filial piety", Mencius and Xunzi also went against each other. To put it simply, Mencius focuses on filial piety and believes that filial piety is more important than loyalty, while Xunzi focuses on loyalty and believes that loyalty is the first priority.

Most of the later concepts of "loyalty and filial piety" were derived from the concepts of these four people. For example, Han Feizi integrated loyalty and filial piety into one, which was actually a change.

In order to provide a better political foundation, these scholars in China derived different political logics around the two concepts of loyalty and filial piety. Therefore, it can be said that the concept of loyalty and filial piety had a profound impact on the social development of the entire feudal dynasty in China. an important driving force.

"Loyalty" and "filial piety" as the basic moral items, social morality gradually emerged from scratch during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and then through a series of developments, as generations of scholars continued to deepen their research, they explained and elaborated on the relationship between loyalty and filial piety. The mutual conflict and mutual tolerance gave rise to China's unique cultural context structure, which is completely different from other civilizations.

"What a serious solution!" Sima Hui shouted loudly in a hoarse voice, "The right solution!" Seek its origin! Get rid of all the complicated decorations and go straight to the roots! Dare I ask how Zhongxiao Ben is? 』

"The foundation of loyalty and filial piety... get rid of the clutter and get to the root..." Zheng Xuan's face showed an abnormal red light, and his emotional excitement made him seem to feel that the world was spinning and twisting, but he still said The two most core sentences -

"Be loyal to yourself!" 』

"Following one's responsibilities is called filial piety!" 』

Sima Hui clapped his hands, "Okay!" good! Doing your best in human affairs can be described as loyalty and filial piety! 』

The two looked at each other and laughed.

The two finally reached a consensus...

There is no sanctification, no amplification, no extreme, no molding. It is a very simple concept and a very straightforward explanation, which finally establishes the definition of "loyalty and filial piety".

"Loyalty and filial piety" is a two-way concept. It is a relatively fair concept and a moral standard. It should not be an absolute definition without preconditions.

When all that is attached to it is completely removed, what remains is its essential meaning.

When something is in front of you, doing your best to do it well is "loyalty" to this matter.

This matter may be something that the king confesses, or it may be something that the people need, or it may be a matter of superiors versus inferiors, or inferiors versus superiors.

"Filial piety" is a person's responsibility within the family.

Regardless of gender, no matter how old or young you are, as long as you are a member of the family, you will naturally have to fulfill your responsibilities for the entire family, both for your parents and for your family.

"Loyalty" focuses on the outside, "filial piety" focuses on the inside. From "loyalty" and "filial piety", "faith", "righteousness", etc. can be derived...

The two old men laughed, clapped their hands, and then fell backwards in unison.

Fortunately, both of them were sitting on mats, and the ground was made of wood, so there wouldn't be much direct external damage if the two people fell, the focus was on the internal wear and tear on the body.

"quick! Hua Tuo rushed in and immediately began to diagnose Zheng Xuan, saying, "Deficiency of Qi and blood, insufficient soil and water!" Phlegm and blood stasis block the collaterals, and wind evil enters the brain! There is still a lineage of Guyang... urgently need Du'e Decoction! 』

On the other side, Taicang Chunyu also diagnosed Sima Hui, "Mr. Shui Jing just suffered from a slight loss of effort and should be fine." 』

Sima Hui is younger, so Zheng Xuan's situation is more serious at the moment.

Someone hurriedly brought the boiled soup, but Zheng Xuan's teeth were clenched and his face was blue, so he couldn't feed it.

The decoction flows out from the corners of the mouth...

"Introduce it with tubes!" Hua Tuo took the small bamboo tube, opened Zheng Xuan's mouth, and introduced the medicine.

Zheng Xuan still had the instinct to swallow, and the soup slowly entered.

Hua Tuo and Taicang Chunyu both breathed a sigh of relief.

If you can drink the decoction, you will still be saved.

"I'll do it first," Taicang Chunyu said, pressing Zheng Xuan's wrist with one hand and taking out the silver needle with the other, "I'll use the needle first to stimulate... take Yunmen, Taiyuan, Neiguan... to remove wind and phlegm. Boost your energy..."

Hua Tuo thought for a moment, "Yes!" 』

The reason why Taicang Chunyu was the first to use acupuncture was not because Hua Tuo was inferior, but because Zheng Xuan was older and was in a state of both qi and blood loss like women in childbirth, so Taicang was more suitable for acupuncture. When Hua Tuo went up, it was really a rescue effort. He went on a massive offensive, and under the gold and stone, even if he snatched it away, it would seriously damage Zheng Xuan's vitality, and it would be very detrimental to Zheng Xuan's body.

Therefore, if he can be saved after acupuncture in Taicang, it would be the best. If not, Hua Tuo should take action.

Fei Qian stood in the hall. He didn't know medical skills, so he couldn't help. He could only watch Taicang Chunyu take out the silver needle, stick it on Zheng Xuan's body, and then perform the acupuncture to extract Qi...

Sima Hui on the other side was half-supported and drinking medicinal soup.

Suddenly, there was lightning and thunder in the sky, and heavy rain poured down.

Fei Qian looked up at the sky and couldn't help but say, "In the past, when Cangjie created characters, it rained from the sky, and ghosts cried at night... Now when the two people's theory is completed, there are winds, thunders and drums, and the heaven and earth are shocked... What I said today may be the theory that will be passed down from generation to generation." ...』