Three Kingdoms

To be honest, Fei Qian never thought that a big man could perform this kind of surgery.

Even Fei Qian knew that Hua Tuo was very powerful.

Baiyi Hospital has been able to perform cecum surgery for a long time, but the difficulty of Zheng Xuan's surgery is obviously not comparable to that of cutting out the cecum.

Even in later generations, a CT scan would be required before any doctor would dare to perform an operation. Of course, this is not to say that later generations of doctors were so bad, but Hua Tuo was able to find the problem and solve it without any diagnostic equipment. Even in later generations, this would probably make people stunned and unbelievable. Yes!

Ancient Chinese medical skills have developed to this extent?

With this surprise and doubts in his heart, Fei Qian went to the Hundred Medical Center again the next day.

Fei Qian did not enter Zheng Xuan's ward, and after the operation, Zheng Xuan was only out of the danger zone and could not be considered recovered, so Fei Qian just stood outside the ward and took a look.

Outside the ward, there was the smell of alcohol.

Especially on the doors and windows, it seemed like someone had just sprayed some alcohol on them.

The house was originally fumigated with mugwort, so the smell of blood is not too strong now.

Although it cannot be completely sterile, Baiyi Hospital already has some experience in caring for surgical wounds. Therefore, if Zheng Xuan's wound can be healed smoothly, it cannot be said that it can extend his life for a few more years, as Hua Tuo said.

Although Zheng Xuan does have the risk of subsequent infection, in comparison, later generations will always have laminar flow operating rooms, sterile explosive bags, er, surgical bags, and then that's it, with a piece of gauze or hemostatic forceps left from time to time. As a free gift...

Therefore, Fei Qian feels that Western medicine is more about treating symptoms, while Chinese medicine is about treating people.

If TCM surgeries can be passed down...

Fei Qian stroked the beard on his chin.

After all, the history of Western medicine surgery did not start from doctors, but from Teacher Tony.

In later generations, if you want surgery, you must find a regular hospital, but in medieval Europe, you can only find a teacher Tony, because the versatile Tony can not only shave and cut hair, but also undertake tooth extraction, bloodletting, and surgery, etc. series of engineering projects.

What?

Sterile and dust-free?

Don't be kidding. In the Middle Ages, you still had to wear high heels on the street, otherwise you would end up with a foot full of shit.

Because of religion, many people in the Middle Ages believed that contact with blood was a lowly profession. Therefore, clergy medical personnel in the religious system were most likely to be of the Holy Light lineage. They were basically just holy water talismans and would not be contaminated with blood. , so Teacher Tony, who often suffered wounds from shaving his head and face because the razor was not sharp, naturally started his part-time job.

At the same time, in order for some people with unsophisticated skills to get into Teacher Tony's ranks, the Middle Ages even issued a barber surgery license to Teacher Tony. Only with this license can you perform surgery, otherwise you can only cut your hair and shave it.

But having this license does not mean anything, and from the Middle Ages to modern times, the surgical development of Western medicine was actually the same. In order to remove the toxins from the wound, boiling oil was poured on the wound, and a soldering iron was used...

Later, an army doctor invented methods such as ointment to clean and bandage wounds, and the use of hemostatic forceps to clamp and sew blood vessels. Only then did the mortality rate begin to decrease. Of course, this military doctor is not a "doctor". He still holds a barber-surgeon's license.

It was not until the eighteenth century that haircuts and surgeries were separated.

Moreover, in the development process of surgery, many ridiculous practices have appeared, such as pouring oil on wounds and using irons to stop bleeding, as well as the very popular bloodletting therapy. Not many people were saved, but due to subsequent complications, or Many people died due to infection, just like the peanut stew in the United States. At first, it was just a sore throat and a cold, and at most it was an upper respiratory tract infection. Then, after a magical operation and blood bleeding four times, the peanut stew finally died. Due to excessive blood loss...

However, from disorder to orderly development, from the emergence of surgery to the establishment of various surgical theories, strictly speaking, it only took two to three hundred years. The war provided a large number of cheap, even free surgical "test products" , and then Western surgery developed rapidly in such an environment.

Yes, the cornerstone of medicine is life.

Thinking of this, Fei Qian couldn't help but let out a long sigh.

In Fei Qian's view of later generations, Chinese medicine has almost given up the territory of all surgeries. But those who perform surgery are basically Western medicine. Everyone's concept of Chinese medicine is maintenance, health preservation, chronic diseases, and prevention. Yu Weiran, emergencies like yesterday, immediate life-and-death surgeries are almost not what Chinese medicine does...

This concept is not held by only one or two people, but even by the whole of China. Even many Chinese medicine doctors in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals believe so. Seeing a doctor is no longer about seeing, hearing and asking questions, but first making an order. Find a machine, do blood tests, urine tests, color ultrasound, CT, etc.

Diagnosis of pulse?

Sorry, no.

People in China don't think Chinese medicine is very good. On the contrary, the neighbors next door are clamoring every day about how good the Chinese medicine doctor who has changed the name is.

this phenomenon……

Well, it's actually quite interesting.

Speaking of which, no one wants to die. In other words, normal people have the idea that it is better to die than live. And in "living", the most important thing is not how much money you have, but whether you are suffering from illness...

If the pain caused by illness is unbearable, it would be better to die directly if you have no choice but to do so.

Therefore, whether you can survive or not, the role of doctors is actually very critical.

Being able to live and live well may be the simplest expectation of ordinary people.

But this "medical skill" that was originally in the hands of China and could keep the people alive was handed over at a certain period of time by some people's explicit or covert methods...

So Fei Qian really wanted to talk to Hua Tuo.

In Fei Qian's original concept, Western medicine in later generations was not bad, but too expensive. But what can ordinary people do? When you are in pain, you have to go to the hospital, just like pigs and sheep in a slaughterhouse, lying down and letting the hospital slaughter you.

Note that it is not the doctor who cuts the flesh, but the hospital.

Although it is true that many doctors fell into such an environment in later generations and actively became accomplices, there are still many doctors who do not have the right to choose, let alone the ability to fight against the hospital. They can only passively accept or work with the hospital. Patients, too, have become the targets of oppression by the hospital system.

Feiqian seems to have heard a saying in later generations, saying that the reason why Western medicine can eventually overwhelm Chinese medicine is not because Western medicine is necessarily better than Chinese medicine, but because Western medicine must be more expensive than Chinese medicine!

Anything that China can produce independently is cheap, so cheap that the whole world has to import it from China, and those that China cannot produce...

Therefore, just like seeds, fertilizers, etc., medical skills are also a sharp blade for harvesting.

In the process of fighting swords, some won, but suffered heavy casualties, while others still lost, and continued to lose blood, giving more flesh and blood to delay and create the next knife. time……

So many times, China has to use human lives to fill the gap.

Filling it in, filling it in, sometimes it feels natural to some people, and then when the people don't want it, these people will jump on their feet and curse, indicating that this is a malicious behavior and should be caught and punished! I never thought that they actually changed from having sex with me to having sex with me.

Fei Qian suddenly discovered that China already had such a sharp blade as early as the Han Dynasty!

So when did China abandon this sharp blade?

Is it active or passive?

Did he not realize it himself, or was he corrupted by a spy?

Fei Qian didn't know, he just realized that he had to do something.

So Fei Qian came to Baiyi Clinic again and found Hua Tuo.

Everyone was tired yesterday, and even if Fei Qian wanted to say something, it was inappropriate.

Hua Tuo did not treat any patients today. Perhaps yesterday's surgery also consumed a lot of his energy...

When Fei Qian arrived, Hua Tuo was writing medical records.

"General..." Hua Tuo put down his pen and greeted Fei Qian.

Hua Tuo was a little confused. Of course, Hua Tuo thought that Fei Qian was paying attention to Zheng Xuan's condition, so he quickly said: "Zheng Gongfeng's saliva was accumulated in his brain, so he was in danger. Now it has been taken out. Although the expedition will damage the body, However, if you take care of yourself slowly, you can expect it in at least three to five years. 』

Hua Tuo spoke very calmly, as if he was talking about a very ordinary thing, just like Zheng Xuan's surgery and an ordinary person's appendectomy...

Fei Qian nodded, and then said: "A certain person just went to visit... He didn't go into the house, but took a look outside... Mr. Zheng is still sleeping, and he doesn't seem to be in pain..."

"The effect of hemp boiling powder is also good." Hua Tuo responded, "But after night, the effect of Ma Fei Powder will wear off..."

Mafei powder is the earliest anesthetic. It was almost in the 18th century that the West had relatively clear anesthetics. Unfortunately, Ma Fei San was later lost in history.

"Ma Fei San..." Fei Qian nodded, then looked at Hua Tuo, "I heard that Ma Fei San is a unique science of Yuan Hua?" Why are you willing to dedicate yourself to the Hundred Medical Center? 』

Nowadays, not only is Mafei Powder available in the Hundred Medical Centers, but there is also a certain amount of Mafei Powder prepared by the doctors accompanying the army. This was all due to Hua Tuo not hiding his secrets and contributing the formula of Ma Fei Powder.

Hua Tuo was stunned for a moment, then shook his head and said with a smile: "I originally wanted to pass it alone... General, do you know where I got this Ma Fei Powder?" 』

Fei Qian shook his head.

Hua Tuo sighed softly, "It was passed to me by a refugee..."

"Refugees?" Fei Qian asked, "Don't you have a name?" 』

"I don't know the name. ” Hua Tuo shook his head, “I once followed the refugees and migrated all the way... When I was in Yanzhou, I met a man whose abdomen was swollen like a drum and unable to move up and down... When I arrived, he was preparing to inject himself. belly……"

"What? Fei Qian couldn't believe it, "He broke his own belly?" 』

Hua Tuo nodded, "He prepared his own Bianstone knife... and this Ma Fei Powder... Of course, I changed some of the Ma Fei Powder now... At that time, he only had the main medicine, which was difficult to relieve pain at least." , if it happens, you will faint, or if you hold it in your mouth, you will gradually eat it..."

Bianstone knife is a stone knife made of Bianstone.

Bianstone is the earliest surgical tool in China. Using Bianstone as a needle knife has been recorded as early as in the "Huangdi Neijing", and it can "break carbuncles". People use Bianstone to make various medical instruments, such as Bianstone needles and Bianstone sickles, and they come in different sizes. The Bianstone is similar to a blade and can be used to cut away tumors and carrion. Bianstone itself is also used to maintain health and treat diseases, regulating qi and blood and clearing meridians.

Among the later generations, a Bianstone sickle from the Shang Dynasty was unearthed. It has a history of 3,400 years and can be called the earliest scalpel in the world.

Then modern scientists discovered that meteorites contain at least thirty kinds of trace elements that are beneficial to the human body. But here’s the problem. In ancient China, when there were no research instruments, or even in ancient times, who discovered the efficacy of meteorites, and how did they discover it?

"and after? Fei Qian asked. Although Fei Qian also guessed some results.

Hua Tuo shook his head and said, "Dead." A broken heart will lead to death. However, he also successfully opened his own belly and removed the hardened contents in his intestines... He had already eaten all the roots and bark of trees during his exile, so he could only eat dirt. As a result..."

Hua Tuo sighed.

Guanyin soil.

After eating it, he will go to see Guanyin's soil sooner or later.

Fei Qian also sighed.

And Fei Qian knows that even though they are the same, cutting out the intestines, cutting out the cecum and cutting out the large intestine, although they are one word different, they are actually very different. The cecum only needs to be tied in a knot. It is not a big problem if the intestines do not leak, but the large intestine...

Abdominal infection is fatal. Although Hua Tuo didn't call it abdominal infection, he knew that the conclusion was almost the same, that is, if the intestines are not broken, there is still hope, but if the intestines are broken, death will occur.

"Later, I used his main medicine and added Chen Zuo's medicine to make Ma Fei Powder..." Hua Tuo raised his head and seemed to be lost in some memories, "At first, Ma Fei Powder was not effective. Well, I found the dosage after adjusting it many times...so, I can't keep it secretly..."

Although Hua Tuo made it seem very simple, in fact every dosage adjustment may represent a human life.

Hua Tuo felt that the reason why his Ma Fei Powder was available was because it was tested on human lives, so in order to respect the lives of these people, he was unwilling to keep it privately.

Historically, Hua Tuo did not think about hiding it secretly. He knew that he was about to die, so he wanted to let the jailer teach him medicine on his behalf, so he gave the "Qing Sang Book" to the jailer. Unfortunately, the jailer was just an ordinary jailer. Afraid of being implicated, I burned the "Green Bag Book"...

Since then, Ma Fei San, which China took the first step, has been lost.

In the West, before there was no anesthetic drugs, Western medicine surgery could only be done quickly!

Because there is no anesthetic, the patient will instinctively struggle because of the pain, so he can only cut it quickly. Not only the amputee patient did not react, but also the assistant on the side did not have time to react. Not only did the patient's limbs be cut off, He also chopped off the assistant's fingers...

In addition to Ma Fei Powder, Hua Xia Surgery also took the lead in equipment.

As copper and iron became more and more popular, Chinese doctors also began to use copper and iron and other metals to make needles, knives, sickles and many other surgical instruments. In the Song Dynasty, there were already relatively complete surgical instruments, such as needles, scissors, knives, forceps, and chisels, which were recorded in books such as "Shiyi Dexiaofang" and "Yonglei Qianfang".

Even in the Ming Dynasty, surgical knives that were very similar to later generations of willow leaf scalpels appeared...

At the same time, regarding the suture line of the knife edge, history was one step ahead even without Fei Qian's guidance.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, in addition to relatively complete debridement and suturing techniques, the materials for suturing wounds were also improved. The most important invention was the use of mulberry suture to suture the intestines and skin, which was widely used clinically and achieved good results. Suture is an important invention in the history of Chinese traditional Chinese medicine surgery.

"Shuo Fan Fang" records the method of treating intestinal sores caused by gold: "Sew the intestines with mulberry bark and use cattail powder to sew them." 』

Moreover, mulberry thread itself has mild medicinal properties, has the effect of clearing heat, detoxifying, and promoting wound healing. It can even be absorbed by the body, so there is no need to remove the stitches after suturing.

For post-surgery hemostasis and recovery, ancient Chinese physicians also invented various ointments, medicated washes, and excellent surgical medicines such as antiseptic, myogenic, astringent and healing medicines to help stop post-surgery hemorrhage and heal.

Unfortunately, the rabbit ran fast and took a step ahead, but fell asleep halfway.

Fei Qian looked at the various surgical tools, medicines, etc. displayed by Hua Tuo, and felt more and more emotional...

If Zheng Xuan had not undergone such a major operation this time, Fei Qian would not even have imagined that Chinese traditional Chinese medicine doctors in China were already so far ahead!

If so, don't let the rabbit stop?

"I want to summon all the army doctors, as well as traditional Chinese medicine doctors from counties and counties, to the Chang'an Hundred Medical Center for selection and comparison..." Fei Qian said slowly, "Please ask the top doctors from the Hundred Medical Center to review and determine their grade..." ...I wonder what Yuanhua thinks? 』

"Assessment and grading?" Hua Tuo asked, stroking his beard, "Is it just like the level of a craftsman?" 』

Fei Qian nodded.

The Huang family's master craftsman evaluation system had already taken shape in Jingzhou, and was later held in Hedong. After arriving in Chang'an, there were different levels from apprentices to craftsmen, and then to master craftsmen.

Hua Tuo nodded, then shook his head, "The general wants to be rated as a doctor, which is a good idea... but I have always disliked things that have nothing to do with medicine, so this review... There are many talented people in the Hundred Medical Center, I will forgive you. ...』

Hua Tuo has such a character. He doesn't like government affairs, and he doesn't even care much about the affairs within Baiyi Hospital. He wants to specialize in medical skills, otherwise he wouldn't have declined the appointment as the president of Baiyi Hospital and only wanted to be an ordinary doctor. Then he would go to the countryside every now and then to treat people's illnesses.

"Yuanhua's words are wrong! ” Fei Qian pointed to the tools and medicines for metal trauma surgery displayed by Hua Tuo and said, “If Yuan Hua doesn’t let Yuanhua review these metal trauma surgeries, who can?” What's more, although this matter is said to be complicated, it can benefit countless people. If it is to save people from misfortune and will perish, how can Yuanhua avoid it because of evil? 』

Hua Tuo looked at the medicinal utensils, stroking his beard, wondering what he was thinking, and finally nodded and said, "What the general said... is true, whatever, since it is beneficial to the people, Tuo will try his best to do it..."

Fei Qian nodded and smiled.

Many things are actually complex and simple. Build a platform, exchange information, grade, and then spread the seeds so that the roots of Chinese medicine can take root deeper, grow better, and bloom more beautifully!

Run, rabbit, since you are one step ahead, let's continue to lead!