Transmigrating to the Ming Dynasty’s Imperial Examination

There were only fifteen students in the school, most of them came to the county to try this street to get a sense of literature. Few Meng children took the initiative to come to school early. Mr. Lin took the homework absently again, commented a few words at random, and when everyone was ready, he called for endorsement in turn.

Cui Xie only started to read "The Poetry" after entering the school. He is a half of Mr. Lin's personal disciple and a rich man. Mr. Lin treated him more kindly than those students. The only three primary school students had finished the "San Zi Jing". He asked him to come forward and endorse.

For some reason, every time he got up to endorse or give a lecture, a few students quietly looked up at him, and some people shook their heads underneath, learning from him to do lip endorsement. If it weren't for these people to be honest after class, except for sometimes showing off poems in front of him, they would not dare to talk too much. He would almost think that they wanted to engage in campus bullying.

But having said that, every day, in front of the scumbag, showing that he is doing well in poetry and prose, is that cold and violence?

Mr. Lin clicked on the "Nan Yu Jiayu" that was mentioned yesterday, and Cui Xie subconsciously turned his head and glanced at those people before endorsing it. With his eyes facing each other, the teenage scholar turned his head in a panic, as if he was cheating, his face and neck were red.

Tsk tsk, the combat effectiveness of these scholars is too weak, Kong has the heart of campus bullying, and they don't have the guts.

He shook his head in his heart, and began to recite the book earnestly: "There is Jiayu in the south, and you can cover it. The gentleman has wine..." When he endorsed the book, he was used to mixing the original text and the translated text. Compared with the four books, they are very short, and when they are back, there is a kind of dripping joy of a waterfall flowing straight down.

Mr. Lin also appreciates this kind of memorization. He closed his eyes and listened to his recitation from "Nan You Jiayu" to "Tong Gong". He nodded and smiled with satisfaction, "You can endorse the book with great effort. I don't need to urge you too much." . Later you will review what you have said before, and you will not talk about the new chapter today."

He just stepped back and sat and listened to Mr. Lin telling those who had learned more than him to go up. He still randomly checked and recited, and set up new topics for them to write poems and essays. Those children are only one step short of being talents, and they don't need to be taught by their husbands. Mr. Lin quickly dismissed them and asked Cui Xie to teach alone.

Out of the modern people's awe of the eight-part essay, which dominates the Ming and Qing dynasties, Cui Xie was more serious than usual when he listened to the class. He wanted to take a small notebook to jot down his notes and review them from time to time.

Mr. Lin was also sitting in distress, preaching to him: "The imperial court opened Enke to recruit scholars. Judgment, imperialism, imperialism, presentation, and current affairs policy are just the last parts. The only criteria to be followed are the Five Classics and the Four Books. I will not talk to you about those'elaborating saints.' "Yiweizhi" false words-we scholars make art and literature for the pilot test!

"It was like last year’s Xinchou Science Examination. Four thousand talented people from all over the world gathered in the capital. The examination on the ninth day of February and the palace examination on March 15. During this period, a dozen or so examiners in five rooms had to sentence three examination papers for four thousand people. How many papers does an examiner need to read a day? How much can he read attentively? It’s just a rush, just watching the first first justice! The first essay is not well written, and no matter how well the latter is written, the examiner has no time to elaborate. View."

He was very engaged in speaking, and his rhyme was so violent that he was about to stand on a chair.

Of course, he didn't actually stand up in the end. Not only did the person not go up, but even the voice fell down, staring at the disciple and solemnly said: "Today I will tell you the breaking question. Although breaking the question only uses three or four sentences to reveal the meaning of the question, it seems easy, but it is easy to do. The most difficult one. The so-called "before breaking the topic, the article is up to me; after breaking the topic, I am up to the article." You can see the depth of your ideas, how much you learn in your abdomen, and your writing skills.

Cui Xie nodded repeatedly, his eyes opened wider than usual, showing a pair of deep and long eyelids, as if they were drawn above them.

Mr. Lin was very satisfied with his attitude. He took a collection of Cheng's essays from the table, turned a few pages, pointed at it, and glanced at him: "This is the Yiwei Kejie Yuan Wang Hanlin’s essay on the intermediate test (Wang Huan), take a look at this article, this is the paradigm of the world’s article! I will use this article as an example to analyze the method of breaking the question for you."

Cui Xie stood by the table and looked down at the article, only to see the first two sentences that read, "Daxian discusses the former holy desires and gathers the sages and saves his old service, and he is diligent and vigilant."

He very consciously said: "This title comes from "Mencius Li Louxia". It means that Zhou Gong wanted to imitate the three generations of sacred kings Xia Yu, Shang Tang, Zhou Wenwang and Wu Wang: like Xia Yu, he hates things that will make people indulge in enjoyment. Good wine and love the advice of others; like Shangtang, insisting on the doctrine of the mean, and the meritocracy is to take; like the king of Wen, he takes care of his people, who is already in the kingly way and he is thirsty; like the king of Wu, he does not slow down and close to his officials, and does not alienate foreign officials The word'worry, diligence, vigilance, vigilance,' in the broken question comes from Zhu Zi's commentary, praising Zhou Gong for his diligence in government affairs, and exemplifying the virtues of the first kings who will follow and take effect."

Mr. Lin nodded: "The Four Books are well memorized. Do you know why the Zhougong and Three Kings written in the original question were referred to by Daxian and Qiansheng when they broke the question?"

That is...because the words used when writing the broken question cannot be repeated with the stem of the question?

He was a little uncertain, so he didn't dare to say. But Mr. Lin didn’t need him to answer, so he began to speak with a thin beard: “You can’t bring out the names of people in the broken questions. ', but Mencius can be called either'Sub-Sage' or'Xian'. The rest of plants, flowers, birds and utensils can be referred to by the word'thing'. In short, the person and the thing in the title cannot be written with the original name. Substitute the original nickname in the scriptures."

Hmm...Is breaking the topic just like clarifying the meaning in modern writing? Cui Xie couldn't help asking: "To break the question is to explain it in your own words after reading the meaning of the question?"

Mr. Lin nodded slightly and said, "In a nutshell, this is the case. What is broken verbatim from the beginning to the end is called Shunpo, and conversely, what is broken first and then the meaning is called Nipo. .But it’s not enough to make sense. It is necessary to grasp the subject matter of the subject and focus on a word'break'. It is called Mingpa if the word is tightly attached to the subject and the word is broken. The meaning referred to is called Secret Po. Wang Hanlin's article is a literal interpretation of Zhou Gong's benevolent governance following the example of the previous king, and it is a blatant case."

"There is a big taboo when breaking the question, that is, you can't break the sentence that is not in the question-look at this sentence "Zhou Gong thinks and three kings to do four things": When you read the question, remember that this sentence is in the "Mencius" Which article and sentence is located in the middle, and then through the context, understand its meaning in the text, but when breaking the topic, it should not be involved in the context.

"If you point out who the three kings are and what the four elements are when you break the topic, this is considered a violation of the previous sentence of the topic, which is called Lian Shang; if you point to the latter sentence, how Zhou Gong thinks about doing good governance day and night, it is called In order to commit. When you think about the imperial examination, the examiner and the same examiner were too confused in judging the papers, and there was no time to look at the good ones. When you see the papers, you first pick the fault, and when you see you breaking the test, you violate the context, right? Hurry up and let you down, so I don’t want to read one?"

Yes, elementary school students can’t get high scores if they’re wrong. The acceptance rate of the test is less than 10%. If you answer the wrong questions, don’t you just drop off. Some of them are answered correctly and well. It.

Cui Xie saw that he still had a lot to say behind him, so he simply accused him of the crime. He returned to his seat and took a self-made notebook, dipped in the ink in the inkstone of Mr.'s inkstone and started to record.

Mr. Lin quite applauded his attitude. He put the collection of essays on his side and spread it out in front of him, pointing to the broken topic and continued: "There are two major taboos, that is, that the meaning of the complete question cannot be broken when breaking the question, which is called missing the question; or Although the meaning of the whole inscription is broken, the content of the broken question is pieced together, and it is not fully integrated, which is called a curse question. If you can make these two mistakes, it means that you have learned better than the mistake of connecting and invading. But when it comes to the examination room, it is also the end of the field without even looking."

Cui Xie wrote in the notebook "swishwwww". He dared not look at the paper when he was writing, staring at the husband, as if he could hear him more clearly when he looked at it like this.

Mr. Lin shook his head again and chanted Wang Hua’s broken question again, indulging in the authentic words: “Gu has broken words, broken sentences, and broken ideas. The broken words are the bottom, the broken sentences are the middle, and the saint is hidden in the broken questions. The true meaning is the top grade. You are a primary school student, not a master of essays like Wang Hanlin, but you must pay attention to the concise and fluent text when breaking the topic, and you must have a breath to penetrate the problem. If you only change the wording of the topic, piece it together into a sentence , It's down."

He shook his head and finished speaking impassionedly, and suddenly lowered his head to ask Cui Xie: "I say this in a general way. You are still relatively young, and you may not understand it. Let me tell you a few ways to break the problem. Go back and practice. Only what you have done can be appreciated deeply."

Cui Xie felt the huge homework beckoning to him, sighed slightly in his heart, and bowed his head in response: "Yes."

Mr. Lin looked at him and said, “I’ll talk about the method of the big topic first, and make a note of it—you can make two sentences or three or four sentences to break the problem, but if you want to be concise and neat, you’d better make two sentences. Or the last sentence Break the meaning of the topic, the next sentence breaks the topic surface, or the previous sentence breaks the topic surface, the next sentence breaks the meaning of the topic, such as the function words that have been broken, it is best to stay in the next sentence, the previous sentence does not use function words, it looks concise and neat.

"For example, in this essay, the first sentence breaks the surface of the question, and the next sentence breaks the meaning of the question. The first sentence is closely related to the question and the next sentence is disseminated from this question to the whole chapter. The sentence inherits the purpose of the whole chapter, and does not touch the off-topic text. It is extremely clear and concise. Of course, you can also extract the meaning of the whole chapter from the previous sentence when you break the question, and then subtract the question in the next sentence. Just be careful. The meaning of the upper and lower sentences on the topic, don't violate the words, and avoid the taboo of even up and down."

As Cui Xie nodded his head and jot down, the PDF in his mind continued to grow. After making up his mind, he should read these taboos first when doing homework and exams to avoid making mistakes.

Mr. Lin felt that this was almost done. When he saw him, he stopped writing, so he asked him to take notes. He saw where there were omissions in what he said, and said while watching: "Even though the exams for children are all small questions. , But those questions are made by fragmenting the words of the saints. If you are a beginner to write, you can do those, which is easy to restrain your creativity. To do it, you must start with the big topic first, in order to be broad-minded and develop the spirit of the article. I will start from this article Pick a few big topics in the essays of the time and leave them for your homework. You will break three or five questions with one topic..."

His words suddenly fell apart, the corners of his eyes twitched, and he put down Cui Xie’s notebook, and naturally changed the subject: "I will tell you a method of correcting and counter-breaking. You go back and put this book in the first three The title of the article is familiar with the broken questions, and then I will break it forward, break it backward, break it smoothly, break it backward, and give it to me tomorrow morning."

Cui Xie had been shocked by the twelve questions, and he hadn't noticed that he had missed those two questions before, and he just listened to the lecture with concentration and concentration.

Mr. Lin again preserved the dignity of the teacher, and he spoke happily. He liked him even more for a student who respected the teacher and respected his teaching. After the lecture, he still had some ideas, and felt that he should arrange a few more questions. But he had already said that it would only break three articles, and it would not be appropriate to add them. So he went to his study and took a copybook with a heavy calligraphy and returned it to Cui Xie. He asked him to take it home and hand in 20 pages every day. Come up.

The author has something to say:

Fix a bug. When breaking the question, it’s not that you can’t have the same words as the original question. It’s just that the names of people and things should be used as pronouns. I made a mistake. Everyone should not see it.