bloom america

The next day, when Sean got up, it was nine o'clock.

The bed is very comfortable, but unfortunately, at night, he has not slept a little.

Originally, as the executive of Seele, it should not be so calm.

However, because what happened yesterday was too weird, even if it was a well -trained Sean, it felt a little uncomfortable.

And the next day, the rain was blue, and when the sun shines in the castle, Sean finds it strangely that this ancient castle is actually ... is it sunny?

This is unscientific!

Sean was a little puzzled, and then opened the door and walked out. He came on the face of a nice maid.

"Mr. Kangt, have you been awake? I will notify the lady now!"

The other party said, and smiled slightly at Shawn, and then left.

"this……?"

It feels completely different from yesterday.

It is full of sunshine.

It's so beautiful.

Soon, the maid came again: "By the way, the lady just woke up, she invited you to have breakfast."

Sean certainly couldn't refuse.

"Sorry, the stomach is hungry."

When Sean came to the restaurant, he noticed that the speaker named "Zhu Yue" had already eaten.

—— Catherine will never tell Sean that at two o'clock in the middle of the night yesterday, the customized vegetarian and personnel have all come to this ancient castle. Now the "Speaker" is not the core body you saw before, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one, but a one.

Substander.

"The environment here is so good."

Sean praised and sat down.

In fact, what Sean wants to say is that this is unscientific.

"Seele needs you to speak with your ability. Although I can see you very much, if you can't prove your ability .seele can only regret it."

"If ... I can't prove it, what will happen?"

Sean asked strangely.

"Then you are not an executive. Since you are no longer the executive, then you are not a seele." Catherine took a sip of steaks and added a sentence: "And we seele, never leaked it, never leaked it.

secret……"

In other words ... Is there only one dead end?

Sean is silent.

"This is your first task, it is a small test, try it, you can do it."

Catherine signaled the maid to give a document to the other party.

"Organization, persuasion, assassination, provocation, etc., Mr. Sean, what you need to do in the future. Many ..."

Nympho

Harold Molovz yawned, and then let go of his paper.

As a professor of biology at the University of George Mason, Harold has a very senior research at gene research.

But because of this, not everyone can realize that Harold's research is successful.

Not long ago, Harold proposed a quite bold plan for molecular biology -one of the smallest single -cell biologicals on the earth, a branch of chlamydia bacteria.

He listed several points of this action plan. The first step to do is to decode the complete gene sequence of bacteria. This will reveal the amino acid sequence of all proteins in the cells.

To this end, Harold also invited the Honeycomb Lab, and wrote to the Babel Tower project at the same time -because it was not as rare as the entire genome at this time.

Although considered bold, Harold argued that analysis was possible as long as the genome was small enough. He calculated that the amount of information in Mycoplasma DNA was approximately 160,000 bytes.

Then, based on his own prediction, he elaborated on his concept - so much DNA will encode about 600 proteins.

It can be seen that the logic of life can be written in less than 600 steps. A thorough understanding of the operating mechanism of a prokaryotic cell is a visible concept and within the scope of achievability.

The two challenges of writing "the logic of life" and "completely understanding" a living cell in 600 steps may seem daunting, but Harold proposed based on the recent hot supercomputers that the entire life of Mycoplasma bacteria can be simulated.

Cycle. All major life processes are included in the overall model: transcription of DNA into RNA, translation of RNA into protein, metabolism of nutrients to produce energy and structural components, replication of the genome, and ultimately reproduction through cell division.

He almost spent his own money to buy enough computing power from the North American Computer Center to help him complete this simulation analysis.

After completing the analysis earlier, Harold was very excited.

Mycoplasmas are the smallest life forms in the world. Mycoplasmas are used in such experiments because they are the smallest and arguably the simplest cells with the ability to reproduce themselves. (Viruses are smaller in size, but can only be hijacked.

The biochemical machinery of the host cell to reproduce.)

From now on, since the information of a mycoplasma can be simulated, why can't it be simulated of a human being?

The research on virtual humans in the 21st century is not surprising—the amount of virtual human data stored on supercomputers in various countries alone is at the terabyte level.

What is tb? A Chinese character is two bytes, 1kb is 500 Chinese characters, 1b is 500,000 words, 1gb is 500 million words, and 1tb is 500 billion!

Although this was very important research in later generations, nowadays, there are very few researchers on virtual humans. Of course, Harold, who proposed this concept, has not been recognized.

But Harold didn't give up.

He proposed a bolder plan - through this model, they can even complete the "customization" of a human individual.

Through his own research, Harold believes that they can completely judge a person's appearance based on his genes when he grows up.

It is also through this person's genes that they can simulate everything on the computer.

John von Neumann once said, "Give me four parameters and I can draw an elephant. Give me five and I can make it turn up its trunk."

In Harold's view, the same was true for their experiments.

Of course, Harold also faced various problems.

For example, 20 years ago, Harold published a report in which he explained that a cytoplasmic composition list stated that mycoplasma contained only trace amounts of cysteine. However, genome analysis showed that the cysteine ​​required for mycoplasma proteins

The amino acid content is much higher. To successfully simulate cells, these inconsistencies must be reconciled.

But Harold firmly believes that these problems can be solved.

Thinking of this, Harold looked at his report again.

This is a paper to be published in Cell.

This paper gives the simulation results that can stand in physiology.

The duration of the cell cycle, the growth rate of biomass and the concentration of various metabolites, all the results are quite close to the real values.

A series of "gene exclusion" experiments (remove a single gene from the chromosome and look at the results of the operation. If the model is unable to run after losing a gene, it means that this gene is necessary), which further supports the authenticity of the model.

In the case of the simulation result and experimental data, Harold found that 79%of genes were essential.

In the cell cycle of mycoplasma, the early stage of the genome copy is a startup phase that is combined with transcription enzymes and promoters. The next is the copy of the genomic group.

These early stages and later stages consuming and short -term, but the total time, that is, the time of the entire cell cycle, is relatively rarely changed. After careful examination of the internal details of the simulated model, Harold found that this strange phenomenon of this strange phenomenon was discovered.

reason.

Nucleotide needs to be used for synthetic chromosomes, and the manufacturing of nucleotide runs through the entire cell cycle. If the early stage of the genome copy is short, then the rate of later replication will slow down due to lack of nucleotide; if

The early use time is longer, and there will be sufficient nucleotide to support it at full speed in the later stage.

Making artificial life forms, whether it is software or in synthetic cytoplasm, this idea has always been controversial. The earliest representative is that ugly scientific monster.

Of course. In the science category, science monsters are simply unscientific.

However, for life that can be completely understood by disassembling the organizational body and this method of the components of each component, people are still conflicting.

In the period when molecular biology has just started and is still in a hurry, DNA is regarded as "blueprint for life", which is a full set of guidelines for living cells.

Match with T, and then map the nucleotide of 4 letters into 20 types of amino acids. As long as you can understand this blueprint and decipher genetic information, human beings can understand all the principles of life operation.

The idea of ​​simulating a living cell with a computer program is just in a dispute -fire zone. On the one hand is simplified theory, while the other side is a more comprehensive biological vision.

Harold is also quite interested in his experiments, because in a sense, this is a thorough veto that "God creates people". It even completely rejected the existence of the so -called soul.

But unfortunately, because the support of supercomputers is needed, this is a high -cost investment.

What's more, as far as Harold is concerned, this is just the first step of your own plan.

And Harold's second step -this is overlapped with the second step of the Babetta project.

Of course, from Harold's view, this is different.

Harold calls it ... "Complete Plan".

Since you can know which gene is necessary, which gene is superfluous, which gene can lead to genetic diseases, which genes will bring vitality ... Since you know these, why human beings can not use this to use themselves to take themselves to themselves.

What about the genes optimized and improved?

This is as if Harold is doing by the mycoplasma. He will eliminate the non -essential mycoplasma re -cultivation, and then observe a series of life activities and forms of life by modifying the DNA of the branch of the branch.

I have to say, this is really an interesting thing.

"Dong dong dong."

Just as he was thinking this, Harold found that there was a knock on his door...

…

I’ll make an update today, I’m working on the proposal report for my graduation project...

♂♂