Great Country Academician

Chen Zhengping undoubtedly welcomes Xu Chuan's joining.

At present, their research progress, whether it is Nantah University, UM, or Georgia Institute of Technology, has reached an impasse.

None of the three universities could find the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark (top quark t and bottom quark b) from the data of the collision experiment.

There is not much time left for them. If there is no discovery within the time limit of CERN, this part of the data will be fully disclosed, and all physicists will study together.

But the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and third-generation heavy quarks (top quark t and bottom quark b) is arguably destined to be discovered.

After all, the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between the Higgs and the third-generation light quark particle (Tao t) was discovered last year.

This confirms the correctness of the Higgs mechanism.

Under this mechanism, the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark (top quark t and bottom quark b) is destined to be discovered.

Now it depends on who can find valuable clues or evidence from the collision experiment data first.

This is a fruit that is destined to be harvested. If you miss it like this, I am afraid that no one will be reconciled.

But no one knows in which collision energy level the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between the Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark (top quark t and bottom quark b) will appear.

If a researcher with outstanding mathematical ability can help them analyze this year's collision data, even if no clues can be found from this year's experimental data, the possibility of an energy level can be ruled out.

Or, find something else, like finding the region where the Higgs boson is most likely to decay.

This will be very helpful for applying for experimental data next time.

At least CERN will look at this data analysis and take their capabilities into consideration.

After all, CERN is not a public welfare organization. Although their funds come from member countries all over the world, they still have to do things after they get the funds.

Teams that are capable or can produce results quickly will naturally be given priority by CERN.

NTU's ability to obtain the right to analyze experimental data from other competitors this time is inseparable from the achievements made by Huaguo's scientific research staff at CERN in recent years.

In particular, the Yuchuan coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation lepton (Taozi τ), as well as the discovery of tetraquark particles and pentaquark particles, these results of Hua Guo's deep participation have won them a lot of bargaining chips.

Otherwise, in this scientific research organization dominated by Western countries, Nantah University may not be able to apply for this scientific research experiment.

For Xu Chuan, the purpose of joining the team of his mentor Chen Zhengping is not to find the Yuchuan coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third generation of heavy quarks (top quark t and bottom quark b).

For this year's study, he actually knew the ending in advance.

This is an experimental study with a high probability of failure.

Because the discovery of the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third generation of heavy quarks (top quark t and bottom quark b) was discovered in 2018.

It was only two years later that CERN discovered the Yukawa coupling between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark for the first time.

Xu Chuan has a deep memory of this incident, because in his last life, around 18 years ago, when he officially entered the physics world, he paid more attention to these things.

The reason why he said it was a high probability rather than 100% was because he couldn't guarantee that there would be no clues in this year's experimental data.

After all, he hasn't seen this year's experimental data, maybe there are some clues hidden in this year's experimental data?

But to be honest, Xu Chuan didn't have much hope for this.

On the one hand, NTU, UM and Georgia Institute of Technology have basically given the answer.

At least a dozen researchers from three universities did not find any clues after analyzing a piece of experimental data. Xu Chuan didn't think any clues could be missed from these researchers.

This probability is still quite low. After all, this is not looking for unknown particles outside the standard model, and people know nothing about them.

Based on the experience of discovering the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation light quark last year, if the experimental data this time really shows the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation light quark, it should be It will not be missed by the researchers of the three universities.

It is still possible for one college to make a mistake, but for three colleges to make a mistake at the same time, the probability is too low.

In addition, the data generated by each collision experiment is basically different. Even two collision experiments with exactly the same energy levels, experimental details, and experimental procedures may produce different data.

Therefore, whether there is data on the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between the Higgs and the third-generation light quark in the data of the collision experiment this time cannot be determined.

Just like the discovery of the Higgs particle.

Since March 2010, the LHC has been intensively collecting and analyzing data, but it was not until July 4, 2012 that CERN announced the discovery of the Higgs particle.

This journey of exploring the Higgs particle lasted for more than two years. The collision energy level was searched in the 100-180GeV region, and finally the excess event was detected at 125-126GeV, and this mysterious particle was found.

Based on these two points, the probability that the data and clues of the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between the Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark may be contained in the experimental data this time is quite low.

However, although there is no hope of finding clues from this experimental data, with the help of this data, it may be possible to do a data analysis of the Yuchuan coupling energy levels between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark.

After all, in today's CERN, if you want to find a new particle or phenomenon, you rely on the analysis of experimental data through the collision of different particles at different energy levels at the LHC.

Just like the Higgs particle, the collision energy level has searched for the 100~180GeV region.

If it weren't for the Higgs boson as the last piece of the puzzle in the standard model, I am afraid that the LHC will not conduct a two-year collision experiment for it.

After all, each start-up of the large-scale strong particle collider burns money in units of millions of meters, or even tens of millions of meters.

The power consumption of the LHC exceeds 200 megawatts, which means that the power consumption exceeds 200,000 kWh per hour.

If an average household consumes 2,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity a year, the LHC runs for one hour, which is enough for one hundred ordinary households to use for one year.

This is only the power consumption of the collider when it is running, without counting other things, such as large-scale supercomputers processing data, which are also huge power-consuming devices.

In addition, there are personnel salaries, equipment maintenance and other expenses.

If it is not for the purpose of finding the last particle in the standard model and verifying the origin of mass in such a behavior of burning money, I am afraid that CERN will not do it.

And use mathematics to analyze the Yuchuan coupling and collision data between the Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark to determine at which energy level the coupling phenomenon will occur, and to determine that the Higgs boson decays into a pair of bottom quarks The ideal search channel of (H→BB) is undoubtedly of great value.

In terms of material, if this step can really be achieved, at least tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of meters of gold in collision funds can be saved.

In the direction of scientific research and development, this is an important progress in the search for new physics. These analyzes are a crucial step in a long journey to measure the properties of the Higgs boson, helping scientists understand the key to the origin of mass.

This is also Xu Chuan's choice to stay in the "Proton Radius Mystery" after solving his own "Proton Radius Mystery". CERN, the reason for joining the team of mentor Chen Zhengping.

It is also the reason why he set the main learning direction in this life as mathematics.

In academia, at least in physics, mathematics is inseparable.

Although there is no way for mathematical calculation and mathematical analysis to directly allow you to see particles or collision phenomena, it can analyze collision data and find key points, thereby saving a lot of time and money.

Top physics ability + top mathematics ability collide together, and can push more things than imagined.

Xu Chuan has a deep understanding of this now. His current ability in mathematics is not really top-notch, but it has already helped him solve a lot of troubles.

For example, Chen Zhengping's tungsten diselenide experiment, the previous Xu-Weyl-Berry theorem calculation method for celestial parameters, and the mystery of the proton radius this time all start from mathematics.

This also made him believe that if he maximized his math ability in this life, he would definitely be able to see some new things that he couldn't see in his previous life.

After joining the experimental team of his mentor, Xu Chuan followed Chen Zhengping to analyze data during the day and 'learn' the knowledge of theoretical physics. At night, he perfected his thesis in the hotel. His life was quite fulfilling.

He did not work overtime day and night to complete the analysis of experimental data when he knew the results in advance.

There is still more than a month until NTU submits this report, and it is enough to complete it before then.

The days passed day by day, and in the blink of an eye, it was already mid-September.

In CERN's Huaguo District office, Xu Chuan sat at a desk, staring at the data on the desk in a daze.

Half a month has passed, enough for him to go through all the experimental data.

Although he hopes to find clues to the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark in this experimental data.

But unfortunately, it is not included in the experimental data this time.

If there are clues to the coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark Yu Chuan, Xu Chuan believes that with his current sensitivity to data, he will definitely be able to find some abnormalities.

It is a pity that in the past half a month, he has read the experimental data over and over again, but did not find any valuable clues.

This is normal.

Not every collision experiment can discover something, and not every collision data is valuable.

At CERN, each operation of the LHC produces about 10 billion particle collisions per second, and each collision can provide about 100 MB of data, so the estimated annual raw data volume exceeds 40k EB.

But with current technology and budgets, it is impossible to store 40kEB of data, and of that data, only a fraction of it actually makes sense.

Therefore, it is not necessary to record all the data, and the actual recorded data volume has been reduced to about 1 PB per day after supercomputer analysis.

For example, the last real data collected in 2015 was only 160 PB, and the simulated data was 240 PB, while most of the other data were discarded.

Whether or not something can be found in the remaining data largely depends on luck.

It is normal that there is no data on the Yukawa coupling phenomenon between Higgs and the third-generation heavy quark in the experimental data this time.

After all, this is reality, not an online novel or a sci-fi movie, and not every effort will be rewarded.

If a random collision experiment can discover a new particle or a new result, there are still so many mysteries in the physics world.

The standard model must have been completed long ago, and even dark matter and dark energy have been discovered long ago.

It takes a few months like now, but no useful results are produced, which is the norm at CERN.

People tend to remember successful examples, but it is easy to ignore how many failures there are behind one success.

Just like the discovery of the Higgs particle shocked the whole world, the world remembers the day when the Higgs particle was made public on July 4, 2012.

But who knows how many collision experiments CERN and other laboratories and research institutions conducted before the discovery of the Higgs particle, and how many times the data was analyzed?

thousands of times? Tens of thousands of times? Or more?

This is an answer that no one can count.

Failure is the mother of success. This sentence is still very reasonable when applied in the field of high-energy physics.

Through continuous trial and error in practice, to find the correct method or result, this is what CERN does. This is how each particle is found, and the Standard Model is also perfected in this way.