Into Unscientific

From a domain perspective.

Although the Song Dynasty in 1100 had not yet established a complete scientific training system, let alone the so-called scientific research literacy.

But it is in this relatively ignorant and chaotic era.

Lao Su still made the most suitable choice the first time he observed the appearance of the cells:

Rubbing pattern.

no way.

After all, in the past few decades.

Whether it is drawing star maps, compiling "Ben Cao Tu Jing" or writing "Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao", diagrams are an indispensable core link.

In terms of JOJO stalks of later generations.

drawing.

This was already an instinct engraved in Lao Su's DNA.

After a quarter of an hour.

Mr. Xie returned to the courtyard with a small box and handed it to Mr. Su:

"Master, here comes the pen and paper."

Old Su nodded and took the pen and paper.

While instructing Mr. Xie to take care of the ink, he spread the paper on the stone table.

Due to the relatively tight schedule, Xu Yun hasn't had time to rub the ballpoint pen these days.

Therefore, what Lao Su used this time was still only a fine-point brush. Compared with a ballpoint pen, drawing is a little more difficult.

However, from the official to the prime minister, the old Su is still very solid in terms of culture.

For example, in "Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao", there are many pictures by him, which is much higher than Maverick's soul painter.

He stared at the magnifying glass for a few moments, then left the eyepiece, and started drawing on the paper with a fine pen.

After drawing a few strokes, I returned to the magnifying glass again, and repeated this many times.

Seeing this, Xu Yun and others didn't say much.

Not to mention complaining that Lao Su occupied the resources by himself, asking him to step aside or something.

In terms of Lao Su's status, even if he tinkered with the microscope all night alone, it was nothing.

that's all.

Half an hour passed in a blink of an eye.

After half an hour.

Lao Su put down the brush, exhaled a little tiredly, and a little sweat was faintly visible on his forehead.

I saw that the drawing paper in front of him was filled with a lot of weird shapes.

There are rectangles, squares, ovals.

There are also long strips and triangles similar to tadpoles, as well as weird special shapes like mutant neon people, etc.

Afterwards, Old Su took a breath, and took a teacup from Guan Xie, who was beside him.

Taking a sip, he gave up the seat to Xiao Li who couldn't wait.

He himself picked up the drawing paper and blew it, and asked Xu Yun:

"Xiao Wang, many particles in the microscope have already been drawn on paper. Are these particles all microorganisms?"

Xu Yun thought for a while, shook his head and said:

"Strictly speaking, your sentence is only about 70% correct."

Afterwards, he glanced at Lao Su who had a face of "Why is it only 70%", and continued to explain:

"My lord, there are many types of particles in dung water, hundreds or even thousands of them.

For example, there are muscle fibers, red blood cells, white blood cells, Campylobacter, E. coli, yeast, and so on. "

As he spoke, he walked to the side of the drawing, pointed to one of the larger particles and said:

"This substance is starch granules, which, together with muscle fibers and fat, are one of the normal metabolites in feces.

Hmm. But the number of particles in this sample also seems to be a bit high.

It is estimated that the donkey's stomach may not be very good, so it can do more work and exercise its stomach.

all in all.

These starch granules cannot be regarded as life, but can only be regarded as matter. "

Old Su nodded his head half-understood, the concept of matter was introduced by Xu Yun when he was in Allicin:

"I see."

Then Xu Yun moved his finger and pointed to another small spot.

Although the images drawn by Lao Su are not colored, it is still easy to distinguish its origin from the number and appearance:

"These are white blood cells, a type of cell commonly found in animals.

According to the records of Fenglingyue Shadow Sect, this cell is a key protective barrier in the human body, and can swallow some sick bodies.

But if the amount is too much, it may also cause a blood disorder.

Those who suffer from this disease often have fever all over the body, and all parts of the body are prone to oozing blood, which is difficult to cure with medicine and stones."

blood disease.

That is a kind of statement of ancient leukemia.

Of course.

Due to cognitive problems, ancient medicine basically classified all blood-related diseases into blood disorders.

Strictly speaking.

Leukemia and blood disease belong to the relationship between subsets and collections, and cannot be equivalent.

But Xu Yun didn't deliberately correct this point. After all, it's better for Lao Su or his descendants to discover some concepts.

Anyway, with the magic weapon of the microscope, the development of future medicine can be predicted with the naked eye—at least in the short term.

It is only a matter of time before symptoms such as leukemia and bacteremia are discovered and classified.

And at the same time that Lao Su was trying to accept these concepts.

Wang Yue, who was always silent on the side, looked at Tuo Tu, his cheeks twitched twice, and he couldn't help but interrupted:

"Xiao Wang, according to what you said, there are a lot of pathogenic bacteria in the feces, right?"

Xu Yun nodded:

"Yes, feces can be regarded as the living substances with the highest number of pathogenic bacteria."

Wang Yue asked again:

"" Then Xiao Wang, what kind of bacteria caused the disease that Wang contracted back then? available on the map? "

When Wang Yue spoke, he never took his eyes off the drawing paper, wishing to pull that germ out of it and fight with it for 300 rounds.

Seeing this, Xu Yun couldn't help being dumbfounded, and explained aloud:

"Lord Zhonghou, what you got back then was bacteremia, and there are many possible pathogenic bacteria.

But if nothing else, there is a high probability that it is some kind of Gram-positive bacteria, such as it and it. "

Students who have studied biology in medicine or university should know it.

Bacteria can be divided into Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria by Gram staining method.

After the former is stained, the bacterial cells still retain the bluish-purple color of the first stained crystal violet.

After the latter is stained, the bacterial cells first lose the color of the first-stained crystal violet, and take on a complex saffron or sand yellow red.

As for the difference between the two bacteria is also obvious:

Positive bacteria produce exotoxin and negative bacteria produce endotoxin.

Gram-positive bacteria, therefore, generally cause purulent lesions.

Among them, the typical ones are the bacteremia that Wang Yue had at the beginning, and the sepsis that would inevitably occur on a normal trajectory.

Although negative bacteria can also cause bacteremia and sepsis, they generally appear in the abdomen, biliary tract and hissing tract.

Of course.

The two types of bacteria need to be stained by Gram staining when they are classified. It is not difficult to see certain types of bacteria under a high-power microscope.

Then Xu Yun pointed to several bacteria with obvious appearance, such as staphylococcus and streptococcus.

The shape is basically recognizable at a glance.

After all, although Lao Su draws very seriously, hand-painting is hand-painting after all, and the degree of restoration is an unavoidable problem.

Especially compared with the images of later generations, the images drawn by Lao Su Tuohui are indeed not clear enough, so we can only give priority to the introduction of those bacteria with obvious characteristics.

anyway.

If you have a chance, you can make a pencil and develop a sketch.

After all, compared with traditional ink painting, the degree of restoration of sketch painting is obviously much higher.

If the skills are exquisite, the picture quality may even be infinitely close to the restoration.

"staphylococcus."

Wang Yue repeated the term and stared at the image on the drawing for a while.

As if to burn it in my heart.

Then turn around.

He glanced at his brother.

Although they are only military generals with limited vision, unlike Old Su's mastery.

It is even more impossible to judge the value of microscopes from the perspective of the times.

But as witnesses of bacteremia and front-line generals, they know one thing very well:

On the battlefield, manure is almost an irresistible ultimate killer.

In encounters, dung is often wiped on swords, guns or arrows, and the effect is stronger than many poisons.

The enemy is basically certain to die, and in the best and best case, he will become a disabled person after recovering from illness.

In the battle of defending the city, the defending side will heat up the excrement and urine in a pot, and cooperate with the rolling stone to fall down.

There are many high-temperature-resistant bacteria in feces and urine, which can survive for more than 30 seconds under Baidu, and some will continue to exist in the form of spores.

Therefore, the survivors will be scalded first, and then develop festering disease. It is a miracle that one out of ten survives.

This dung weapon also has a very famous name:

Golden Juice.

By the way.

Golden juice, this is also one of the special weapons in the history of Chinese civilization.

Most of the asphalt is used in Europe, the purpose is to scald the enemy through the heat conduction of the iron armor, without subsequent biological damage.

all in all.

If the Ordnance Bureau can further explore the characteristics of E. coli through a microscope, maybe even better drugs can be prepared!

After all, although the effect of allicin is excellent, its storage time is still too short.

Occasionally, it is okay for emergencies, but it is difficult to achieve large-scale popularization and emergency use.

If the imperial court can develop more efficient drugs, it may even have an important and even decisive impact on the battle situation on the Western Front!

Then Xu Yun became a teacher again, and briefly introduced some basic concepts to Lao Su and others.

And just like when making lenses before, he chose to play dumb again for some concepts.

Either the manuscript has been lost, or even Feng Lingyue Shadow Sect didn't study it too deeply.

As for the deeper observation inside the cell.

He is going to go back in two days.

One is that knowledge cannot be chewed off, and instilling too much knowledge at once may not be effective.

Second, some dyes are also required for internal observation of cells, and the preparation also takes time.

The staining agents of later generations generally use acetate carmine or gentian violet, but in fact hematoxylin is also a good staining agent.

More critically.

The preparation of hematoxylin does not require sophisticated equipment, just finding the materials.

Its precursor component, called hematoxylin, is extracted from the trunk of the loggerhead tree.

Hematoxylin is oxidized to form hematoxylin, which can be used as a dye.

The parts of the cell with more DNA and RNA can be stained blue with hematoxylin, which will be much easier to observe and interpret.

And the other side.

After getting off the microscope.

Xiao Li quietly pulled Xu Yun aside, and said mysteriously:

"Wang Lin, I want to ask you something."

Xu Yun blinked:

"What's the matter?"

Xiao Li looked around a few times and asked:

"Let me ask you, how much money did you spend on this microscope?"

"How much silver?"

Hearing Xiao Li's words, Xu Yun was taken aback for a moment.

What is this little bean sprouts asking Yinzi in a good manner?

But doubts are doubts, he still touched his head, and answered truthfully:

"The material is about a hundred yuan, if it is not silver-plated, maybe it can be reduced to less than a hundred?

But it's hard to say if the labor cost is included, the price of asking Master Qi to sell it shouldn't be very low. "

In fact, from an objective point of view.

The most valuable part of the microscope should actually be the calculation of curvature, which can even be regarded as a technical barrier.

However, when Xu Yun estimated, he subconsciously omitted his contribution.

After all, from the point of view of future generations, he just did a little work, and it would be good if he didn't get hired.

Xiao Li nodded thoughtfully and said:

"I've heard about Master Qi's craftsmanship. Last year, there was a chamber of commerce in Hebei Province that reforged water wheels, and they paid a high price for Master Qi.

The president of that chamber of commerce is my father’s classmate, and I vaguely heard him say that Master Qi’s salary is almost three times a day, and there are miscellaneous things, etc.”

Xiao Li counted with his fingers for a while, and finally said:

"In other words, the cost of a microscope is about one hundred and fifty pennies?"

Xu Yun thought for a while, then nodded:

"It's about that number."

Xiao Li stopped talking after hearing the words.

After a while.

Just when Xu Yun was thinking about whether to speak, Xiao Li seemed to have made up his mind and asked:

"Wang Lin, if I can spend two hundred coins, can you design another microscope?"

Xu Yun was taken aback for a moment:

"Clam?"

Seeing the surprised expression on his face, Xiao Li nudged his chin lightly to everyone who was watching the microscope, and explained:

"Wang Lin, that microscope from earlier was poorly crafted and not worth much, so I had the audacity to ask Uncle Su to take it home.

But this microscope is expensive, and it would be too impolite to ask for it for nothing.

But if I share this mirror with others, not to mention the complicated daily exchanges, it is impossible for this mirror to be used by me alone every day."

Seeing Xiao Li who was babbling about a bunch of reasons, Xu Yun's expression became more and more subtle.

Mom!

This layman Yi An's painting style is not only getting more and more crooked now, it seems that the tmd can't hold it anymore, what should I do?

Continue to develop like this.

From now on, Layman Yi'an may have to change to Layman Yianmycin

If the fans of Xiao Li in the future knew about this, he would probably be hanged up and beaten.

But soon.

In Xu Yun's mind, the image of Xiao Li tinkering with the microscope appeared again.

As a researcher of later generations, Xu Yun is very clear about one thing:

Scientific research talent is actually a very mysterious but real honey attribute.

Some people don't know anything about physics, but they are well-organized in conducting biological experiments, and their efficiency is several times that of others.

Judging from Xiao Li's current mastery of biological concepts.

Not to mention that she has a 100% talent for scientific research in biology, at least the relevant probability is not too low.

If she is really provided with enough resources, coupled with Xiao Li's background and the relatively high social tolerance of women in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Baobuqi, is it really possible for this girl to become the Grandma Tu of the Song Dynasty?

Think here.

Xu Yun couldn't help looking at Xiao Li, and pondered:

"Miss Li, it's not difficult to design the microscope. I'll just redesign the radius of curvature, but what about the master?"

Xiao Li heard the string song and knew the elegant meaning, and quickly said:

"There's no problem with Uncle Su. I've sniffed him out yesterday. If it wasn't for that, I wouldn't have come to look for you first."

Xu Yun nodded:

"That's no problem, but Miss Li, this money is not a small amount, you"

"You can rest assured."

Before he could finish speaking, Xiao Li, whose eyes were shining because he was looking forward to the microscope, waved his small fist at him, and said in an incomparable way:

"I just wrote three poems a few days ago, and I originally planned to surprise my father with a nickname at the Moon Worship Lantern Festival in August and a half.

But now I have changed my mind. After all, the lamp can write words. How can it be interesting to look at a microscope?

So I am going to sell them to Huafang in the city. With my current reputation, it is not difficult to sell them for two hundred coins, not to mention three poems. "

Xu Yun:

"."