Into Unscientific

".The above are my views and suggestions."

"The sender, Li Feiyu."

After writing this letter.

Xu Yun breathed a sigh of relief and put the pen aside.

Although I still don't know why and through what channels this letter got into my hands.

But according to the situation mentioned in the previous Mavericks letter.

perhaps

Is this some kind of activation method similar to off-site help?

That is to say, when Maverick encounters a problem that is difficult for him to solve, there is a certain possibility that he can contact himself and exchange letters across copies.

I just don't know if this method has a fixed cycle, and more importantly, I'm not sure

Are there rewards?

After all, judging from Halo's previous performance.

Although it is a bit over the top, it has always been very particular about the basic principle of "whatever you pay, you will be rewarded".

Then Xu Yun turned his attention to the letter and began to do the final proofreading.

The purpose of Mavericks writing this letter is actually very clear:

The core problem is that due to some unknown reasons, his theory of particles of light has been shaken.

Maybe it's a phenomenon brought up by outsiders.

Maybe it's some clues discovered by Maverick himself.

In short, the impact on the Mavericks is not small.

So in this reply.

After thinking about it for a while, Xu Yun finally chose to mention the wave-particle duality of light.

Friends who were textbooks in their previous lives know it.

The so-called wave-particle duality of light is actually very simple in textbook interpretation:

Light is both a wave and a particle.

In later generations, as long as you have studied compulsory education, you have basically heard this word.

But in history.

The exploration of the nature of light is actually a very tortuous thing.

before Mavericks.

The theory of light fluctuations is actually a very marketable view.

This theory was put forward by Huygens, and the number one big fan is Hook who was abused in the previous article.

The reason why Hooke supports the theory of light fluctuation is because he discovered the phenomenon of light interference, which is the colorful soap bubbles we usually see.

These beautiful bubbles are actually thin-film interferences of light, and interference is unquestionably a property of waves.

So of course Lao Hu thinks it's just waves.

Later Mavericks took another approach and proposed the theory of microparticles.

And with the growing reputation of Sir Alex Ferguson, scientists have formed a "two whatevers" point of view:

Whatever Ferguson supports is right, and whatever Ferguson opposes is wrong.

Therefore, the theory of microparticles is popular, and the theory of fluctuations is gradually declining.

Later, a man named Thomas Young appeared, and he designed an initial interference experiment.

This experiment has now entered middle school textbooks, and the ingenuity of the experimental design can be called a classic in physics:

A point light source is obtained by placing a piece of paper with a pinhole in front of a lighted candle.

In front of the point light source, put another piece of paper with two slits on it.

Then on the display behind the paper, you'll see alternating light and dark stripes.

At the same time, adjusting the distance between the paper and the display screen and the double slits can also change the density of the interference fringes.

The importance of this experiment is at the forefront in the history of science, so that scientists directly adopted the same experimental principle when verifying the volatility of electrons.

Therefore, among the ten classic experiments in physics, the double-slit interference experiment accounts for two.

Wait until 1808.

Marius discovered the polarization of light.

Later, with the discovery of Poisson's bright spot, the fluctuation of light said that salty fish turned around again and won a complete victory.

Later, Faraday and Maxwell came out. In classical physics—that is, the world visible to our naked eyes—the definition of light basically ends here.

Then another 80 years later, Hertz discovered electromagnetic waves.

photoelectric effect.

This key dividing point between macrocosm and microcosm in human history is discovered by human for the first time.

During his study of the photoelectric effect, Thomson discovered the electron through his work on cathode rays.

At that time, Thomson exclaimed that there are such small things in the world as if he had seen the dog go to the toilet!

Thus, human beings' research on the world is pushed to another microcosm.

After that, things are very simple.

1900.

Planck proposed the quantum hypothesis.

1902.

Leonard summed up the photoelectric effect.

1905.

The old love, Einstein came on the stage, summed up the wave-particle duality of light.

After the old love came de Broglie, who proposed the hypothesis of matter waves.

He pointed out that not only photons have wave-particle duality, but all microscopic particles have wave-particle duality.

1927.

American physicist Davidson completed the electron diffraction experiment a year after de Broglie's paper was published.

It is proved that electrons have the characteristics of waves, wave-particle duality as a basic characteristic of matter has been confirmed, and de Broglie's assumption has been proved.

Since then, front-end physics has basically been studying the truth behind the phenomena observed by these sages.

at the same time.

The whole debate about the properties of light has lasted for hundreds of years, requiring a lot of accumulation of results.

Therefore, Xu Yun is not at all worried that the hint he gave to Mavericks will take away Einstein's job. After all, the theory of physics does not mean that just putting forward a certain concept can be equated with the truth.

Like Maverick's achievement in gravitation.

Before Mavericks, many people had discovered the phenomenon of 'gravity' or 'gravity', such as the famous official Ximen Qing.

But discovering the phenomenon is nothing, and further demonstration and calculation are difficult.

Mavericks became the discoverer of the law of universal gravitation because he deduced relevant formulas and defined and summarized phenomena mathematically.

Therefore, unless Mavericks can discover electrons by the way and summarize the photoelectric effect, Einstein really doesn't have to worry about Mavericks getting his own business done.

Besides, in the wisdom of Einstein.

If the Mavericks can solve certain problems in advance, his achievements may be even higher.

Then Xu Yun folded the letter in half and stuffed it into an envelope.

Just as he was thinking about how to send it, he saw that the letter slowly turned into a beam of light particles and dissipated in the first door.

Xu Yun: "."

at the same time.

1672.

Great Britain.

University of Cambridge, Trinity College.

"Hi, Professor Newton!"

"Professor Newton, have you eaten?"

"Professor Newton, I just bought a very nice swimsuit."

"Professor Newton, my boyfriend wants to invite you to fencing on weekends!"

After dealing with many students with a serious face.

Newton wore his Anta sneakers and walked towards the office dedicated to Professor Lucas with a bag of bread.

Compared to the moment when we parted with Xu Yun.

Although Maverick's expression was still cold at this time, his hostility was relatively much less, and his eyes were not as dark as before.

After all, in this timeline, the Mavericks have not been hit by Hooker, nor has their dignity been trampled upon.

Quite the opposite.

With Xu Yun's help, he stabbed Hu Ke's heart a few times.

six years ago.

After selling the first batch of ketchup outside Grantham Parish, Xu Yun suddenly left without saying goodbye.

Although the Mavericks and William's family were a little surprised, they gradually accepted this reality as time went by.

After two years.

The plague gradually subsided, and London gradually returned to normal.

Mavericks bid farewell to William's family with a large amount of ketchup dividends, went to London again, and returned to Cambridge University.

At the same time, under the recommendation of teacher Isaac Barrow.

He finally became the youngest Lucas professor in the history of Cambridge University with his 'Firsthonours Degree'.

over the next four years.

Mavericks has successively deduced a large number of mathematical and physical achievements, and selectively disclosed a small part of them.

Although the published content only occupied a negligible fraction of it, it still made him the youngest academician of the Royal Society.

But in recent days, due to a special coincidence.

Mavericks suddenly encountered some special problems.

This problem has brought great distress to Mavericks, causing many strands of Niuzi's hair to turn gray.

In the end, he was extremely helpless.

Maverick suddenly thought of the fat fish he met back then.

The process of the first meeting between the two parties was very warm. Fat Yu was once shocked by the power of knowledge and fainted for a while, and Maverick took him home kindly.

After Xu Yun woke up.

At that time, he mentioned that he was from Leiden College of the University of the Netherlands and was a teaching assistant in the Faculty of Life Sciences.

Therefore, in theory, the fat fish should also return to the Netherlands after it disappears.

However, the Mavericks have also sent several letters to Leiden College in recent years, but in the end they all fell silent, and no reply came.

"I think it's about the same this time."

Think here.

Maverick shook his head involuntarily, and continued walking towards the office.

As a result, as soon as he came to the door of the office, Maverick's thick sword eyebrows raised upwards.

Only at this moment.

From the gap under the wooden door of the office, a small piece of the end of the envelope was exposed!

Although I don't know who sent this letter, but at the moment of seeing this letter, Maverick suddenly had a premonition in his heart:

perhaps

This letter is related to Xu Yun!

Think here.

He quickly walked to the door, took out the key to open the door, and picked up the letter.

as expected.

I saw the letter "lifeiyu" in the column of the sender on the cover of this letter.

It’s just that what’s the meaning of the photo sticker of a little girl with chestnut hair and pink clothes next to her?

With this doubt.

Mavericks closed the door gently and walked into the office.

After sitting in the seat.

The calf didn't even have time to drink the water, like a bridegroom at the wedding night, he couldn't wait to tear open the envelope.

Like the letter he sent, Xu Yun's reply was also a very concise stack of papers.

"Dear Mr. Newton, from yourselves:"

"Mr. Newton, long time no see, I'm Fat Fish."

Xiao Niu carefully read Xu Yun's beginning, and then nodded thoughtfully:

"It turns out that this guy is recovering from illness, no wonder he has been unable to contact him."

"But it's not a bad thing to receive the letter now, at least Lilani can give her an explanation."

After Xu Yun disappeared in the early years.

Mavericks and William Escu were somewhat reluctant to leave without saying goodbye to Xu Yun, but they quickly adjusted.

Only Lilani, who was originally a brat, changed his personality drastically after Xu Yun disappeared, becoming withdrawn visibly to the naked eye.

Although Mavericks appears indifferent in interpersonal relationships, he is an exception in front of William's family.

So all the time.

He was still very concerned about Lilani's situation, and he was also worried about the girl's mental state.

Now with Xu Yun's reply, the girl must be more open about it.

Figure these out.

Maverick turned his attention back to the letter and continued to read.

".The mathematical tools you have invented are really amazing. This is a height that I am far from reaching independently. Please allow me to pay you high respect here."

When he saw Xu Yun's praise of himself, the corner of Maverick's mouth could not help but raise a smug smile.

But soon.

The smile was replaced by seriousness.

Because he saw Xu Yun's reply about his wooden barrel experiment again.

Barrel experiment.

This is an ingenious combination experiment that Mavericks came up with three years ago (this timeline), and he created an absolute space-time concept that seems to him extremely solid.

The Mavericks are even proud to think so.

The value of this space-time concept may even exceed the law of universal gravitation, and become one of the theoretical cornerstones supporting this world.

But in a subsequent experiment.

Maverick suddenly discovered a certain situation, which directly had an impact on his cognition.

As the inventor of the famous Newtonian reflector telescope, Xiao Niu is also experienced in making mirrors and belongs to a standard DIY expert.

However, in the process of grinding the mirror for a few months, Mavericks discovered unexpectedly:

If a light source is prepared, it is irradiated onto the optical flat glass plate through a large curvature convex lens.

Then, at the contact point between the lens and the glass plate, a group of colored concentric ring stripes will appear.

These stripes are like a whip, and the calf is extremely tangled.

See here.

Presumably some students have already understood.

That's right!

This phenomenon is the famous Newton's ring in later generations.

Newton's ring is a kind of standard light interference phenomenon, which is one of the best proofs of the wave nature of light, and has even been recorded in the textbooks of later generations.

Just follow the normal rules.

Native historical Mavericks aren't taking volatility says:

He adopted a complex theory of "one part is easy to reflect, another part is easy to transmit", and somewhat forcibly explained this phenomenon in terms of particles.

And in this history.

Although the Mavericks also experienced an unhappy childhood, during that time in Woolsthorpe, his concept received a huge shock:

first.

Xu Yun brought him a lot of money through ketchup.

These funds have made the Mavericks a lot more comfortable, and they are no longer transferred to Sir Humphrey's house because they cannot afford living expenses as in the original timeline.

He was able to live in William's house calmly for a long time, and got the family and love that he lacked in his previous life-don't forget, Maverick is not a single dog.

More critically.

Whether it is the Yang-Hui triangle proposed by Xu Yun or the Han Li expansion.

The unheard-of profound knowledge of these Mavericks made him suddenly feel that his ability is not unique in the world.

In some places unknown to him, long, long ago, there were pioneers who walked a certain distance ahead of him.

Therefore, after making many achievements.

Maverick is not as arrogant as he was in his previous life, thinking that apart from theology, he is the only truth that is omniscient and omnipotent.

At the same time exactly the opposite.

His thinking is not so extreme, and he has a faint awe of this world.

Therefore, after the discovery of Newton's ring phenomenon.

The Mavericks are not as far-fetched as the original trajectory, and it can even be said that they are a little bit smarter to cover up the phenomenon with some reason.

Instead, he seriously thought about other possibilities.

But if light is really a wave

Then his absolute absolute space-time view will face an unavoidable loophole, because the fluctuation is obviously not an absolutely rigid state of motion.

I don't know my doubts, can Xu Yun give me an answer?

The Maverick continued to watch.

Xu Yun first answered the question about the barrel experiment.

"I can probably understand your thinking, and it seems quite subtle at first glance. There are a total of six incremental thinking"

"But has it ever occurred to you that you have made a mistake in the fifth step?"

"Let us suppose."

"Then the phenomenon of your experiment will become like this"

"As the relative motion of the water and bucket decreases."

Watch this section.

The calf is like a sculpture of a meditator, completely motionless.

But inside him.

The strongest brain in the 17th century was rapidly simulating and thinking about what Xu Yun said.

half an hour later.

Maverick put down the letter, and let out a deep breath.

really.

It's a fat fish.

This mysterious man from the East could indeed bring him some novel ideas.

After rationalizing, the Mavericks had to admit.

Xu Yun's answer is more convincing than the phenomenon he observed, and there is no way to refute it except by turning the table to play a scoundrel.

So it's obvious.

The absolute space-time view I think is wrong, at least not applicable to any field.

Think here.

A trace of fear and joy suddenly appeared in Maverick's heart:

Fortunately, this letter came early!

Now he has just conceived the concept of absolute space-time theory, although he has expectations for its future, but he has not yet regarded it as a 'truth', let alone made it public.

If I read this letter when I am forty or fifty years old and my thinking is deeply rooted.

At that time, I'm afraid the whole faith will collapse.

Then Maverick adjusted his breathing and continued to watch.

He actually had some preparations for the issue of absolute time and space, otherwise he would not have written to Xu Yun.

Therefore, after thoroughly discovering the concept error.

Mavericks quickly adjusted his mentality, eager to see if Xu Yun had any insights into the properties of light.

This is actually a trick he played:

He didn't tell Xu Yun the specific problems he encountered, and wanted to try again to see if this mysterious peer could give him some surprises.

Xu Yun's views on light attributes are linked to the content of the wooden barrel experiment, so Maverick soon saw that sentence:

"Have you ever thought about it"

"Properties of Light."

"Is it possible that the two situations coexist?"

I heard this.

The Maverick was taken aback for a moment.

Immediately, a tingling sensation rose from the tailbone and went straight into the mind.

In Mavericks original idea.

Xu Yun may pick out some of his own loopholes, thereby negating his own results.

It is also possible to argue with reason and clarify any one that supports the theory of fluctuations or the theory of particles.

But now according to what Xu Yun said

Is light both a wave and a particle?

How is it possible that one substance has two properties?

Just like a person, ta is both male and female biologically?

But out of trust in Xu Yun.

The Mavericks continued to watch.

"In Asian history, there was a famous foreign ancestor named Dijia who liked to cook big bone soup."

"Once he found through calculation that if an opaque circular plate is placed on the propagation path of the light beam."

"Because of the diffraction of light at the edge of the disk, a bright spot should appear in the center of the shadow of the disk at a certain distance from the disk."

"It's a hard situation to accept, isn't it? But it happens."

"And this is a very typical manifestation of the volatility theory."

"But likewise, in the phenomenon of dispersion, the theory of particles of light is a fact that cannot be refuted by any loophole.

"So Tiga put forward a point of view, is it possible that light is both a particle and a wave at the same time?"

See here.

Maverick was taken aback again:

"Shadow center, light spot?"

Throughout human history.

Speaking of academic slapping events or remarks that can be recorded in history, there are actually quite a few.

And the most representative face slap on the spot must be Poisson's bright spot.

Let me mention one thing or common sense first:

In academia, there are many theorems starting with a person's name.

For example, the Yang Hui triangle that everyone is familiar with, as well as Maxwell's equations, Faraday's law, the principle of the most handsome reader, etc., are countless.

Most of these name theorems are to commemorate the contributions of the inventors or inventors, and belong to the concept of "retaining a name in history" in ancient Chinese language.

But the Poisson bright spot is an absolute special case.

The background of the incident dates back to 1818.

Prior to the Nobel Prize, the most prestigious scientific awards were the Academy Prize of the Gallic Academy of Sciences and the Copley Medal of the Royal John Bull Academy.

Among them, the Copley Award was established ten years later than Gaul, but its starting point is higher than Gaul.

This award is aimed at theoretical research and demonstrates the high quality of the John Bull Royal Academy of Sciences.

The award is very high, and there must be more people competing for it.

Therefore, after the establishment of the Copley Award, the limelight immediately overshadowed the Academy Essay Award of the Gallic Academy of Sciences.

Britain and France are a pair of happy enemies. Seeing their old neighbors come from behind, the Gallic Academy of Sciences began to meditate on its own past.

After learning from the pain, he also changed his strategy and discussed the combination of theory and practice.

By 1818.

The topic of the Grand Prize for Essays is Diffraction of Light.

Prior to this, the theory of light fluctuations and particles had been debated for nearly a hundred years.

The representative figures of Moxie theory are a generation of Tianjiao Laoniu, and the representatives of wave theory are Huygens and Hooke.

Due to Sir Alex's status in the arena, Moxie theory has the upper hand, and Wave theory is losing ground.

And Thomas Young's double-slit experiment seems to have brought a glimmer of light to the wave theory. It seems that there is a chance to sit up in a dying illness and talk and laugh happily for several years.

Diffraction was chosen as the title of the essay award, which also meant rehabilitating the ancestor Huygens.

At that time, Fresnel had just changed his job from civil engineering brother to optics, and he had already emerged and participated in this competition.

Also coincidentally.

Fresnel had already considered this problem before the competition, and believed that light is a wave with diffraction phenomenon.

This coincided with the meeting, so he handed in the paper early and waited for the decision of the expert review committee.

The chief expert of the review committee this time is the famous Poisson.

And Poisson is a firm supporter of the particle theory, so he naturally sneered at Fresnel's answer.

He calculated that if Fresnel's theory is correct, there will be a very challenging phenomenon:

Place an opaque disc on the propagation path of the light beam, then due to the diffraction of light at the edge of the disc, a bright spot should appear in the center of the shadow of the disc at a certain distance from the disc.

In human language, ahem, simplified in popular language:

You shine a flashlight on an opaque plate, and a spot of light appears in the center of the shadow behind the plate.

At the time, this was simply impossible.

Even now, it still seems a bit unbelievable.

The young Fresnel did not expect such a miraculous result from his theory before, but he finally accepted the challenge.

After careful experiments, it is finally time to witness the miracle:

With the light coming in, a bright spot actually appeared in the center of the shadow of the circular plate!

And this bright spot is therefore also called "Poisson bright spot", and this event has become the biggest face-slapping event in the history of science.

As a staunch supporter of the particle theory of light, Poisson personally disintegrated the particle theory in front of countless colleagues at the most famous conference venue at that time.

Since then, the theory of light fluctuations has become popular, and the theory of light particles has fallen apart.

The particle theory did not regain some face until Einstein was born, but the particle theory of time at that time was completely different from the original particle theory.

So this can be regarded as a small selfishness of Xu Yun.

Rather than being overthrown by others in later generations, it is better to let Xiaoniu discover the problem by himself.

Of course.

From a qualitative point of view.

Marius's polarization experiment might be more appropriate.

After all, it proves that it is a transverse wave, which can neither be used for particle theory nor wave theory, and belongs to a very middle position.

But Mavericks had already successfully proved the theory of particles by using the dispersion phenomenon earlier, so compared with Marius's polarization experiment, the impact of Poisson's bright spots is undoubtedly greater.

no way.

Xu Yun didn't know what happened to Mavericks, so the dose must be chosen aggressively.

A few minutes later.

After reading Xu Yun's letter, Maverick immediately began to prepare various equipment.

Although the technological level in 1672 was not as good as that in 1818, the equipment requirements for Poisson bright spots were actually very complicated.

However, as the academic gathering place of the most advanced technology in the world, Cambridge University is not difficult to gather relevant conditions.

Two hours later.

Everything is ready.

Maverick closed all the curtains, came to the operating table, and officially started the experiment.

Mavericks used a superimposed prism-extracted light source, and the diameter and distance of the disc were also selected optimally—the latter was the reason why it took him two hours to prepare.

Swish——

The light source shone on the disk, and a projection was quickly formed.

Maverick walked quickly to the side of the projection, and observed with mixed emotions.

After a while.

Maverick walked slowly to the desk, pulled out the chair and sat down.

A few more seconds passed.

There was a soft sigh in the house

And through the light source in the room, it can be seen that in the shadow of the disc at this time, there is a tiny

spot.

The light fluctuation theory also holds true.

all in all.

With the communication of this letter, with the appearance of the spot.

This history, which had already changed the world line, turned again in an unknown direction

Of course.

At this time, Xu Yun didn't understand what he had brought to that world, let alone what impact this letter would have on him.

He just waited for a while after the letter disappeared, and after finding that the halo didn't give any hint, he chose to exit the space.

"Um?"

After returning to reality.

Subconsciously, Xu Yun took out his mobile phone, intending to check how long he had been in the space, and if he missed any calls by the way.

But when the screen turned on, he realized that the time on the phone hadn't changed from before he entered the space—at least on the minute hand.

In other words.

He stayed in the space for more than half an hour, but not even a minute passed in reality.

There's clearly something wrong with this.

In the past ten years, Xu Yun has frequently entered the halo space.

He can be 100% sure that his time in the space is completely consistent with the outside world, except for the mission period of the copy and the one-hour period of the Northern Song space-time album.

Otherwise, he wouldn't have deliberately ran into the private room of the toilet.

Think here.

Xu Yun couldn't help touching his chin, thoughtfully:

"That is to say."

"That letter and other events actually belong to the category of 'task'?"

"But in this way, what about the reward?"

Just when Xu Yun was wondering.

A light curtain suddenly appeared in front of him again.

[It is detected that the Wallfacer has completed a special random adventure, and a reward for the adventure will be obtained].

【Rewards are being generated】

[The reward has been generated! 】

[Award Name: Legacy of Cambridge]

[Please note that this reward can only be activated after the Wallfacer completes the next mission, and the Wallfacer can carry an extra person]

After a while.

A hard invitation letter appeared in Xu Yun's hand.

Xu Yun opened it and found that it was written in English:

You are cordially invited

to a reception

for Time Travelers.

Hosted by

Professor Stephen Hawking

To be held at

The University of Cambridge

Gonville and Caius College

Trinity Street

Cambridge

Location: 52° 12' 21"N, 0° 7' 4.7"E

Time: 12:00 UT 06/28/2009

No RSVP required

[Reward Status: To be activated (2/4)]

Note:

It is very sad to tell you the news that one of my friends, An Xiyou, the author of "Take Off My Aviation Era" and "Great Power Ships", passed away, and my heart is a little heavy.

The 10,000-word promise to everyone tomorrow may be delayed a bit. It is a bit difficult to accept this reality, and I am really not in the mood to type.