Into Unscientific

In the workshop.

Hearing Wang Jiefu's words.

Qian Gaoyun, Yang Chengzong and others beside him also nodded quickly, with approval on their faces.

After all, they gathered here today not just to make friends and chat, but to have a special and important task.

Then Yang Chengzong recruited his assistant, Ma Tong, and asked him to take Qian Gaoyun and the others to the dressing room in the corner to put on special protective clothing.

Of course.

The protective clothing these days is said to be "protective", but neither the effect nor the appearance is comparable to the radiation protective clothing of later generations.

In fact, not to mention the radiation protection suits, the "Dabai" in later generations of hospitals are better than those worn by Yang Chengzong and the others.

The protective clothing these days is actually a blue jumpsuit with a zipper on the back of the body, which looks like Super Mario.

The mask is made of ordinary transparent plastic, and the standard process is completed by wearing a mask on the mouth after entering.

0.95%.

That amount of money was squeezed out by the lower-level departments or the whole country with their belts tight, and there was nothing to lose.

Uranium heptoxide.

Its isotope F18 only has a half-life of about 100 minutes, so the difference in the relative molecular mass of various uranium octafluoride molecules cannot be completely attributed to the difference in the relative atomic mass of various uranium nuclides.

Fabrication of Poor Diffusion Separation Membranes.

At present, the most representative and unsystematic concentration method of that era is called the gas diffusion method.

"Comrade Chengzong, he is."

Seeing this, Wang Jiefu exchanged glances with Yang Chengzong, brought the rest of the staff to Zhu Shushan, and asked me:

"Director Qian, in order to ensure that the experiment is accurate enough, you will also activate the only gas diffuser in the factory with a retracted outlet during the process."

Qian Gaoyun frowned again, and said to Zhu Shushan:

1.01%.

Breakthroughs were made in the powder preparation and casting solution of the 615 Department of the Atomic Energy Research Laboratory.

When the gas mixture to be separated passes through the device without the diffusion membrane, the chances of collision between the heavier molecules and the diffusion membrane are less than those of the heavier molecules, so that a certain degree of separation cannot be achieved.

Or to put it wrong.

For example, if you lose 60% of your self and destroy the enemy's army or something.

call out--

There are two types of explosives that cannot be used in atomic bombs, uranium-235 and plutonium-239.

This moment.

Conquer Type B first, then Type A.

Then very slowly.

The reason why uranium octafluoride was chosen as the material for uranium enrichment is mainly because fluorine is very boring.

That victory may even trigger seven discussions between uranium-235 and plutonium-239, and even shake the allocation of certain resources!

I was most worried that Zhu Shushan was still closed to you at that time, so it would be difficult to deal with the few things that followed.

Fluorine only exists in one kind of nuclide in nature, and it is not F19, and the content is close to 100%.

At the same time, what is even more interesting is that the octaphase point of uranium octafluoride is 64°C, and the pressure is slightly lower than the small pressure, so it is not gasified.

The enriched uranium used as fuel in civil nuclear power plants is 3%-5%, the weapon-grade uranium must be less than 80%, and the uranium used in practical nuclear bombs generally exceeds 90%.

With the power support of the power supply, the equipment in the workshop soon stopped roaring.

The separation membrane element responsible by Qian Gaoyun and others has also made progress.

It's not that the painting style may be relatively primitive, but it's far from being so 'handmade'.

Let's put it this way.

My pupils shrank heavily, and my breathing rate slowed down a bit.

Nor is it yellow cake as the saying goes.

“There is still a problem”

Instantly.

Because the theoretical separation coefficient between uranium 235 and 238 is about 1.0043, but in reality it is only about 1.003.

Of course.

this is not.

In any case, it may be as high as 1%.

However, seven minutes have passed, and the bear under the video screen is still

The mass difference between uranium 235 and uranium 238 is so slight that it is too difficult to separate them.

So when Wang Jiefu walked under Zhu Shushan, my protective clothing was stuck under my body with sweat in many areas.

The rabbits broke ground in Qilian Mountains to build China's first graphite-fast heavy-water plutonium production reactor, code-named 02-B.

Didi--

"But that's possible"

In this period, rabbits are still not sure about the future.

Then

The victory in the verification of the diffusion separation membrane will directly affect the progress of nuclear weapons research and development—and it is still the "regression" of a special concept.

The acceptance test was a joint effort of the seven departments of the Seventh Ministry of Machinery, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Powder Research Office of the Iron and Steel Research Institute of the Ministry of Metallurgy, and the New Materials Research Office of the Central South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. The investment in manpower, material resources and financial resources was very low.

Qian Gaoyun turned her head when she heard the words, looked at Wang Jiefu with her right eye, and said with a smile:

See this situation.

And at the same time that Yang Chengzong and Zhu Shushan were talking loudly.

After all, those present today are almost all practitioners in related fields, and even Zhu Shushan, the factory director, does not have high industrial quality.

Qian Gaoyun was not the only one who realized that.

Zhu Shushan's face was already flushed with weakness, and she roared at the operator of the power connector without losing her composure:

"Did he feel that victory was too normal?"

What about the actual gas exchanger?

"As long as the sample of the diffusion film is clamped under the groove, and analyzed with the assistance of several kinds of metal powders, the digitizer will hardly show whether the diffusion film meets the requirements."

"is possible is possible"

That's right, gone.

"after all."

There is nothing similar to the water tower in the previous life, white, thick, long, long and hard.

So Wang Jiefu continued to wait.

Wang Jiefu and the others who changed their clothes returned to Qian Gaoyun's side.

Qian Gaoyun's right eye was fixed on the digital board, her head was moving, and her left hand was shaking out of the air twice, indicating that she wanted to disturb me.

Qian Gaoyun made a gesture and wanted to rush over, but just as Guo didn't move, he was grabbed by Wang Jiefu:

"Director Wang, did the abundance expert of that equipment bring Fengdu back when he left?"

As for radiation protection

Some parameters are also displayed under the digitizer operated by Qian Gaoyun:

9,000 words, please ask for a monthly pass during the double period! ! ! !

Qian Gaoyun stopped struggling before being pulled by Wang Jiefu, her chest heaving violently.

At this time, I seemed to be frightened by Qian Gaoyun's roar, and I froze for any action.

Since then, there are any problems in the preparation process from uranium nitrate to uranium octafluoride, so the normal link is obviously only left

The micro-scale mentioned by Yang Chengzong is actually far from nano-level technology, which actually exists in a small amount in industry and nature.

So I also made a booing gesture to everyone, pulled Yang Chengzong aside heavily, pointed at the device and asked loudly:

Note:

"At that time, its dual-mode compressor and cooler would be turned on, and there were not 1,100 supporting centrifuges in total. As for the total number of Type B samples, it was about 4,000 pieces, and the total cost exceeded 70,000 yuan."

The success of that experiment was too thorough, right?

Thanks to the lord of the eight little fellows who rewarded Yixiao, the weak little sea monster, and Obeliska!

With access to electricity.

Speaking of which.

It is not time for the Class B few-porous diffusion separation membrane to end its existence.

Once there is a problem with the sparrows outside the cage, it means that the gas toxicity has not exceeded a certain limit, and they must be evacuated urgently.

At the same time, the direction of my only right eye with vision has also been changed from the power connector to the .

Zhu Shushan shook her head and explained:

Then Qian Gaoyun put the blue powder into the liquid and stirred it for a while, then took a big brush and wiped it on the inner layer of the hard film, and then put it under the metal digitizer.

The young man came back to his senses and calmly shut down the power supply.

If you dare to spend such a small amount of money to do such a low-linkage experiment, it is obvious that you may only listen to your own or someone else's side of the story.

In order to solve that technical barrier.

Not one of the important reasons is not

There is not one core technology that needs to be broken through in the whole diffusion process, it is.

By exception.

"But your B-type diffusion film is a structure deciphered from Fengdu's digitizer equipment. Every time it is repressed into the digitizer, the final display panel will display abnormalities."

See this situation.

Wang Jiefu paused for a moment before continuing:

How could Wang Jiefu guess that Qian Gaoyun discovered some problems?

"That's the equipment you and Zhu Shu bought—he heard wrongly, it's a purchase, it's an aid."

That kind of separation membrane is made of a metal that is resistant to corrosion by uranium octafluoride, and there are not many micropores on the bottom for the airflow to pass through, so it needs to be uniform and not very uneven.

Although our investment in Qian Gaoyun was very low, no matter what, it was a simulation after all, and it was possible to return all the centrifuges we didn't have.

It's gone.

"Comrade Chengzong, can't the precision of the separation membrane element be guaranteed to meet the standard?"

"400ft"

Yang Chengzong glanced at the equipment behind Qian Gaoyun's face, and also explained loudly:

Just a click.

The whole person jumped up on the spot, and shouted with tears in his eyes:

It is very difficult to extract enriched uranium. (Note: Afterwards, I made sure that I was able to write about it. I made a report with the original unit and asked about it. I was told that it was declassified in 2007, so I couldn’t write it out. Of course, some sensitive principles will be blurred or even blurred. Fabricated data, it is recommended to imitate at home)

This suit has a fabric blended with mulberry silk and silver fiber added to the chest area, and then coated with barium sulfate.

The uranium octafluoride gas retreated from the lower end of the gas exchanger into the inner cavity, and the parallel centrifuges ended their rotation at a speed of 404.

"The original is not injected at 73%, and it will take about 10 minutes before the injection is completed, and the fastest is more than 15 minutes."

"Comrade Chengzong, please calm down!"

"Director Qian, I must say that all the 4,000 or so diffusion membranes can be used, so there must be something wrong with the configuration and anatomy."

Out of the corner of Qian Gaoyun's eyes, she suddenly caught a glimpse of the part under the metal digitizer that was shining with a very dark green light.

The rabbits probably don't have 80% of their resources and determination for the research and development of the uranium bomb, and the remaining 20% ​​are used as the front hand to prepare the plutonium bomb.

In addition to this.

finished.

Wang Jiefu nodded in satisfaction.

But actually.

And to that point.

In addition, the factory building is already extremely stuffy and cold.

at the same time.

Then, the heavier uranium 235 isotope is separated from the heavier uranium 238 isotope in the state of low-speed selection by means of diffusion separation membrane and other equipment.

"Director Wang, what kind of device is this?"

A minute or so ago.

After all, the type B diffusion film on the outside of the gas diffuser was one piece or two, but not seven thousand pieces.

I remember that Qian Gaoyun also talked about the digitizer deciphering after the experiment just now, and also mentioned that Zhu Shu's equipment often had some serious problems, obviously he was not referring to that instrument.

I suddenly thought of something, and stood there in a daze as if struck by lightning.

Wang Jiefu nodded slightly.

"As for the other party, you announced that you will stop oil refining once. The comrades in Jincheng are very uncoordinated and damaged the relevant power resources. There will be no small problem in terms of danger."

As of now.

Rabbit set up a large group with Wang Jiefu as the leader and code-named "Vacuum Valve" from the Institute of Atomic Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to start research on diffusion separation membranes.

Qian Gaoyun and others used more than 1,100 large-scale separators to assist Zhu Shu's main gas diffuser, and the coverage area also included more than a dozen workshops in the interior.

That is also the only digital display screen under 15 inches in the house. Or in the 504 factory.

The same is true for the experiment in front of me.

A few days ago.

It is the clothing or the sensing device that really plays a warning role in the whole scene, but the

The next step is to degrade uranium nitrate for several rounds of reaction, and finally generate uranium octafluoride gas and send it to the centrifuge.

There are only eight families in the world who have mastered that technology, Zhu Shu and John Bull, and among them, John Bull still hugs Duopian's calf.

"These bastards modified the digitizer, and the production parameters we deciphered are all accurate!"

Qian Gaoyun's small voice suddenly sounded in Wang Jiefu's ear without warning:

"But after dividing the responsibilities, there is one thing that is more important than finding out why that inspection was bad in the first place."

Even in an ideal situation.

So as to achieve the purpose of "concentration".

Feeling that the other party would make another gaffe, he let go of his hand, and said to me solemnly:

Nor is it.

"Not to mention that you have retrogressed and compared with the eighteen old samples left by Fengdu, there is nothing... wait!"

Hearing what Wang Jiefu said, Zhu Shushan, who had kept her head high, was taken aback for a moment.

Therefore, before the injection of uranium nitrate was completed, we could not do the experiment immediately.

After a while.

The total investment in electricity and equipment is about 100,000 yuan, and the cost of the sample is more than 150,000 Huaxia coins!

Its principle is very complicated:

"Of course not."

The separation efficiency and production cost of the latter are much lower than the former, but the manufacturing processes of the seven are very similar.

After all, Qian Gaoyun is a top expert in the field of separation membranes, and the combined ability of all the people present in the field of separation membranes is probably better than that of Qian Gaoyun alone.

I saw that I first glanced at Zhu Shushan.

As a result, when the two armies officially went to war, Army A completely wiped out Army B at the cost of 1% of its own deaths.

A moment passed.

It is very difficult to pass the sample inspection.

Moreover, the area covered by the fabric is very narrow, and if there is a little fatty liver, it is estimated that it is beyond the protection area.

The display on the video screen is much higher than our subsequent calculation expectations, so the whole verification is very unsuccessful.

Even if half of them have problems, the final uranium enrichment value may be 1%.

The same is true for some of the rest of the devices.

It is an exaggeration to say.

A male employee beside Qian Gaoyun glanced at the indicator and quickly reported a number:

After one diffusion, the concentration is only reduced by 7/1000, and the actual effect is even higher than that value.

Boom boom boom——

Throughout the research process of the atomic bomb, the rabbits were not as decisive in the selection of raw materials as few people think.

Uranium nitrate first reacted with ammonia in the first mixer-like device to produce ammonium diuranate.

The 4,000 or so Type B diffusion membranes all came out normal!

At most, it is difficult to explain the conventional reasons such as morale and formation, and it is not as bad as it is.

"First of all, Comrade Chengzong, you will comfort him and say that the incident has something to do with him, and you will even represent the organization that you will hold him accountable."

Everyone in the previous life must have known that the first atomic bomb used by the rabbits was uranium 235.

There is a way.

After a while.

actually down.

Everyone's mood became extremely lightened.

half a minute ago.

A bad premonition suddenly appeared in Wang Jiefu's heart.

Qian Gaoyun suddenly thought of something.

See that number.

The technological level of the era is very different.

By the way.

"On the combination of several modules, it is almost impossible to simulate a relatively standard uranium enrichment process."

Zhu Shushan quickly waved two palms at the guy next to the power connector, signaling me to turn off the power slowly - after all, the power supply is running for less than a second, which is a waste of a small amount of power.

For example, in the double-slit interference experiment done by Everett in 1954, the slit is not at the standard nanometer level.

See this situation.

Qian Gaoyun and Zhu Shushan turned their eyes to a display screen in the house at the same time.

Qian Gaoyun still squinted one eye, pointed to the equipment inside the glass, and introduced:

Zhu Shushan frowned more and more:

seventeen minutes

Its entrance is at the bottom of the equipment, and there are no magnetic centering mechanism, rotating container, vertical thrust bearing and so on from bottom to top.

Next, I must have done a detailed sample and process analysis, and I felt that there was no certain success rate before organizing that verification.

So in theory, no matter how easy the process is, there should be no numerical changes on the display screen.

For example in February last year.

Immediately afterwards.

Located in the gas diffuser, the diffusion separation membrane developed by Qian Gaoyun.

four minutes.

Zheng Lei, who is in charge of the power connector, is a very young man with a strong campus atmosphere. It seems that he has just graduated.

The core material for uranium enrichment.

In the previous life, when referring to the enrichment of uranium for the first atomic bomb, there were often white images such as staff members scooping up liquid with a small spoon to reflect the good conditions at that time.

The digitizer displays the data again.

Seeing this, Qian Gaoyun put her right hand around her chest, pressed her left elbow against her palm, and put her fingers against her chin in a meditation pose:

"Things that are too rich are solid, but the details are still good enough."

Even if it is a more optimistic judgment, the self-injury is estimated to be less than 30% or 40%.

That's hundreds of thousands of expenses.

The production line quickly became unreliable.

It was that time that Qian Gaoyun just took a few glances.

"Comrade Chengzong, how is the equipment debugging going?"

under the fact.

The gazes of everyone in the room locked on the display at the same time.

The season in front of us is still in summer, and it is also the coldest summer in early April.

Even if the enriched uranium reaches the highest level of 41.4%, it should not be more than 70%, more than 10%, or even 14%.

It's just that at that time, even the international community still didn't have a detailed understanding of that scale, so it can only be called "micro-scale".

After a while.

In this way, the barriers of the rabbits under the raw materials will be broken by a small part. It is an exaggeration to say that it cannot even be said to be a flat river. We just need to wait for the theoretical breakthrough of the 221 factory.

"yes!"

One year later in May,

As of now.

After all, Wang Jiefu is a person who has seen small scenes, and his rich experience made me maintain a certain degree of calm at this time.

well known.

seventeen minutes

So for a while.

So that battle is obviously no small problem.

Then Wang Jiefu took a deep breath and said seriously:

Then Wang Jiefu said without thinking:

In the past, due to successive breakthroughs in the research and development of uranium bombs, the project did not officially end the supply of raw materials until the cold nuclear device experiment four years ago.

"For example, the feedback device often shows strong light, but it is the most advanced digital display equipment, but everything is abnormal."

It's been a long time.

"11500GPD"

Therefore, if you want to develop an atomic bomb, you must increase the enrichment of uranium 235.

Just now I put all my energy on the "result" of the experiment, so that I ignored another situation.

After all, in addition to the 4,000 samples, the work loss of electricity and equipment is also a large number.

Qian Gaoyun turned her head mechanically, and gave Wang Jiefu a very creepy look.

There is no doubt about it.

Definitely use a ratio to divide.

That would be worse than two ancient armies confronting each other with a seemingly small difference in strength. After the battle, A's chances of winning are relatively small, but the result is less than half a narrow victory.

This was a long time ago.

ten minutes ago.

Talking and talking.

Zhu Shushan followed the trend.

"Various parameters of the diffusion membrane have been recorded in the entire device, and few of the micro-scale processes exceed your existing production capabilities, so it is the only one that does not exist in China."

Therefore, the rabbits made a decision when the "vacuum valve" group was established:

Qian Gaoyun was silent for a moment, then nodded heavily.

To know.

"Report, the concentration of yellow cake has reached 25%!"

Another operator ended up adding hydrogen, which resulted in a new substance by reduction:

However, considering that Yang Chengzong and Qian Gaoyun put a lot of effort into today's experiment, and the addition of seven minutes really showed what the problem was.

I saw me walking aside in small steps without saying a word, and took back some blue powder and a glass of liquid with my gloves.

But Wang Jiefu didn't care about the special situation at all. He raised his eyes and scanned the situation in front of the glass, and asked Qian Gaoyun:

Even if the power supply is turned off in a relatively timely manner, the cost of nearly 100,000 yuan is not worth it considering the power consumption and other material resources invested.

The samples of Wang Jiefu we took were fragments left after the abundance expert left, and part of the research equipment was also left behind after Zhu Shu left—it was because of our bad intentions, but because the rabbit hadn’t paid for it. passed the money

It is not that before the manufacture of Type B is mastered, the breakthrough of Type A separation membrane is basically only a matter of time.

According to the type, the diffusion separation membrane is divided into two types: type A and type B.

Seeing this, Wang Jiefu felt a little relieved.

ten minutes ago.

The device turns on again.

Only if there is a problem with the diffusion separation membrane, it is impossible to cause that situation to happen.

"You # his grandfather! You've all been fooled by these abundance experts!"

After Wang Jiefu arrived at the factory, Qian Gaoyun and others finished the project preparation work, and few links were not ready for a long time.

"Very bad, introduce hydrofluoric acid."

Therefore, whether it is a centrifuge or a gas diffusion method, it is hated to use it.

unless

"Director Qian, that's the metal digital device left by the abundance expert. It's mainly used to detect the structure of the gas exchange membrane."

eventually produced

"Comrade Chengzong, did you come up with Rejing? It must be broken. You don't have anything to talk to him about."

Therefore, Wang Jiefu immediately took Pei Lisheng and others to Factory 504, preparing to test and accept Type B samples.

When the time came to 70 minutes, the value of Mao Xiong was impressively

But actually.

Qian Gaoyun raised a slap-sized display screen connected to a certain device in her hand, and said:

very slow.

Think about that.

Zhu Shushan touched her chin, inspected the equipment inside the glass again, and asked:

"."

In the small factory building, there are only a lot of equipment buzzing.

Therefore, in order to obtain nuclear fuel with an enrichment degree of uranium 235 below 90%, it is necessary to go through a diffusion process of several thousand levels at most.

Even before the end of the project, there were no voices that considered an urgent diversion to use plutonium-239 to make atomic bombs.

A reminder came from the display screen of Qian Gaoyun's subordinates—it meant that the uranium nitrate concentrate had been injected.

mentioned earlier.

Then Zhu Shushan thought about it and asked Yang Chengzong:

Therefore, according to the previous calculations of the project team, the range of uranium 235 should be between 41.4% and 52.6%.

Uranium heptafluoride reacts with hydrofluoric acid to form uranium heptafluoride, which in turn reacts with fluorine deoxidation.

Only at this moment.

a birdcage.

Like that experiment.

Very unusual.

"Director Qian, you haven't deciphered the digitizer equipment left by Fengfeng people. The precision and structure of the exchange membrane produced are different from Fengfeng's."

UF3 gas with less U235 is heavier, so they are pushed through the membrane more slowly to the point of "enrichment".

Main gas diffuser inside glass.

"I see."

"Stop!"

Ultra-low purity uranium octafluoride gas.

"Zheng Lei, what is he doing in a daze, ah? Shutdown! You said shutdown! Shutdown, did he tmd hear that?!"

Type A is tubular, and Type B is sheet.

Most of those photos are images from the time when the whole people were looking for uranium mines, which belonged to the real rural-level purification.

Ten minutes later, the only sound left was the panting of the crowd, and at this moment, the factory building was already as noisy as a mortuary.

Natural uranium ore only contains 0.7% uranium 235, and the nuclear fuel of the atomic bomb requires the enrichment of uranium 235 to be below 90%.

Then I took the film to another device similar to the Yuyue 5-liter oxygen generator, clamped the film under a groove, and finished the research on my own.

The extraction of uranium 235 is indeed very easy. It is the whole process of today. After all, the key is from uranium nitrate.

Talking and talking.

At this time, the digital display screen should show a uranium 235 with a maximum purity of 41.4% and a minimum of 52.6%.

Therefore, the radiation protection performance of this kind of protective clothing is basically equal to nothing, and it is only a little better than psychological comfort. It is absolutely impossible to expect it to save lives.

Suddenly.

More critically.

"Finally everything is abnormal, the metal powder and the membrane liquid are also faulty, but the gas exchange membranes are all out of normal."

"Internet 28mil"

Under the edge of the glass.

Among them, uranium 235 is less difficult, but its effect and cost performance are lower than that of plutonium 239, and it is still a little bit lower.

In order to separate uranium-235, it is necessary to connect a small number of diffusion separators in series to increase the enrichment degree of uranium step by step.

There was a sparrow outside the cage, and no one was on duty to observe its condition.

Qian Gaoyun nodded, and gave the next step instructions:

"So the abundance experts naturally have a way to take it away. We burned the operation manual when we left. It took Lao Yang and us less than half a year to decipher the whole device."

I saw that I walked slowly to a certain drawer, and pulled out a hard film that looked like a memory stick in the previous life.

But the problem is