Rebirth of the God-level Xueba

In the beginning, science was a human activity formed by summarizing.

I lit a bonfire at night, some bugs hit the fire, I picked it up and chewed it, it was crunchy, so I thought, why would some bugs bump into the fire stupidly? Is it because they are stupid? or? Is it because God knew I was hungry and sent me worms to eat?

After a long period of summarization, people who eat bugs finally come to a conclusion, because no matter what I do, the bugs will hit the fire, so it is obviously not because of God, so the bugs are stupid.

Later, it was discovered that many bugs navigated by moonlight, so that they were misdirected to the light source, which once again confirmed the conclusion that the bugs were stupid.

After three steps, conjecture, induction, confirmation, and finally the process of drawing a conclusion is the way most scientific research is carried out.

G-protein coupled receptors are extremely high-end, but the research process is actually like this.

It's like climbing the Himalayas. Although various equipment and preparations are required, in the final analysis, there is no essential difference from climbing Mount Tai or a small hill in the next village.

However, high-end is still high-end for a reason.

Like g-protein coupled receptors, it is simply stuck on the first step.

guess.

Yes, just like human beings don't understand Mars, they can only guess what's on it, what's on the ground, and what's the composition. For humans, g protein-coupled receptors are also in complicated guesswork.

People make all kinds of conjectures and don't know if they're missing a million possible guesses that might be correct.

So, how to solve this problem?

Just like ancient humans, we observe.

More, more, more observations...

Before bovine rhodopsin, humans did not even have the opportunity to observe.

Because G protein-coupled receptors are very unstable, difficult to extract, difficult to isolate, difficult to purify, and even more difficult to observe...

Things in the microcosm are so troublesome, you can't pinch them out with tweezers, even if you have such abilities, you don't know which one to pinch out? Because you can't recognize it.

For nanoscale proteins,

The only way to observe is to make it into a solution, continuously dilute it, and then draw a small amount of the solution for observation.

For example, 2 grams of protein powder is dissolved in 100 ml of liquid... However, the problem of protein aggregation needs to be solved, and for g-protein coupled receptors, the more troublesome place is yet to come.

This stuff is unstable, it breaks down in solution.

Think about it, a single scientific research dog gave up the Mid-Autumn Festival, there was no Christmas Eve, he forgot Christmas, and couldn’t celebrate the Spring Festival. Finally, on February 14th, with the hand speed he had practiced for many years, he took advantage of the warmth of a furnace before the G-protein coupled receptors react, shoot them under the microscope, and...

They still crashed.

Find the desperate volume of a single scientific research dog at this time—knock on the blackboard, draw key points, and find out the shadow area is useless. It is an exercise for junior high school students. The shadow area is the projected area of ​​the object. Unless the object is regular, otherwise , the projected area cannot be used to find the volume.

For the calculation of the volume of an irregular body like despair, the best reference is Archimedes:

When an object is placed in water, the volume of water discharged is the volume of the object.

But what if despair dissolves in water? What if despair collapses in solution? Why can't I find a solution that doesn't react to despair?

So desperate! !

All in all, before bovine rhodopsin, the human observation of G protein-coupled receptors was such an endless loop.

Even observation is an endless loop, and even one step of conjecture cannot be fully carried out. It is conceivable that the subsequent summary and confirmation are what a blind man feels like.

However, a somewhat fragmented result is better than nothing.

Even with such a fragmented result, the Nobel Prize was not stingy given out, and several were given back.

Wait until the bovine rhodopsin protein is born.

The masters in the biological world finally breathed a sigh of relief: there are finally enough moths, and we can have a good meal... No, we can take a good look.

However, Dana is Dana after all.

Dana is insatiable.

Therefore, there are always labs who can't hold back the thought: a kind of moth feels not enough, will it be monotonous to eat every day, and what to do in case of constipation.

In addition, it is only in the observation stage, and everyone does not know how many samples are needed for observation, so it has not yet entered the stage of intense competition for quantity.

In fact, what you have to enter in the end is to see the number of several kinds of protein.

If some laboratories find better observation objects, or more observation objects, they can get twice the result with half the effort in the next scientific research competition.

However, Yang Rui knew very well that they were overthinking.

Bovine rhodopsin protein is the best.

In a way, it is unique.

The remaining few that are barely usable, or the varieties that are found next, are either too expensive, not good enough to use, or the sources are not wide enough-for another scientific research project, use more expensive varieties, or lesser quantities It doesn't matter the variety, anyway, there is enough funds, and it will pass after a while.

It's a pity that the three-dimensional structure of the g-protein coupled receptor is really too much luck.

If you want to buy 5 million for 2 yuan, this kind of thing is good as an entertainment project, but if you expand the goal to 20 million US dollars, it is too much to play luck.

Therefore, in the conjecture stage, sufficient observations are essential.

From the very beginning, Yang Rui sent Su Xiankai, who was the most familiar with the project and had the strongest comprehensive strength, to work on the bovine rhodopsin protein, because he knew what the core of the problem was.

Su Xiankai, who is an active Maverick and a big bull in the future, was quickly inspired by his creativity.

All kinds of dry powder medium, trypsin, bovine serum, and baskets of fresh bull’s eye were sent to Peking University’s ion channel laboratory, passed through low-temperature ultracentrifuge, automatic gel chromatography, protein analyzer...and then sent to the tunnel Observed under the microscope, the whole process was broken down step by step by Su Xiankai.

The same is true of any production behavior, continuously decomposing steps, continuously improving proficiency, and then continuously increasing production.

At the same time, as a laboratory and researcher, Su Xiankai was not satisfied with pure production.

Simplifying steps and even developing better production methods are what he insists on doing.

For this, Yang Rui also admired it.

Another researcher, in the same position as Su Xiankai, might have resigned himself to simple production. Perhaps in a few years, such a researcher would become a mere research worker.

Su Xiankai was not like that.

He worked hard on research, starting from figuring out each production step, and then optimized it step by step. Yang Rui couldn't directly copy these tasks from the book, so Su Xiankai also did it very effectively.

The production of bovine rhodopsin protein also doubled.

2 times.

4 times.

8 times.

Compared with the initial production capacity, Su Xiankai has unexpectedly increased it by as much as ten times.

This figure is far more than that of foreign first-class laboratories.

Yang Rui also quietly breathed a sigh of relief.

Such a thing as catching up and surpassing in an all-round way is never completed in an instant. However, as long as the basic indicators catch up, the follow-up indicators will not be so weak no matter how weak they are.

Of course, it is not Yang Rui's goal to just catch up with foreign first-class laboratories.

At that week's meeting, Yang Rui made another request and wrote it directly on the blackboard in the meeting room: "Congratulations to the bovine rhodopsin proteome for making new highs. Please continue to work hard and increase the yield tenfold." !"

Su Xiankai entered the conference room at the end of his busy schedule. The moment he saw the writing on the blackboard, he lost the courage to breathe.

"Just strangle me to death." Su Xiankai lay down on the chair, not wanting to move.

...