The Great Ming Dynasty Dominate Overseas

The court is Tian Shelang, and the night is ascended to the emperor hall. m.xm.x

No one heard of the cold window for ten years, and became famous in one fell swoop!

In the past, the imperial examination was called a winning lottery. Before the list was released, I would never know what my ranking was. Even if I was a student, I didn't dare to pack a vote to be foolproof.

Once the list is published, even the three yuan, the palace test of the Forbidden City of the imperial capital, the winner of Jinke, the champion man goes out of the Daming Gate and walks on the imperial road-this etiquette can only be enjoyed by the emperor, and even the chief assistant of the extremely human minister does not have this right. This is the country. Preferential treatment of scholars, he puts golden flowers on his head, and praises horses on the streets, he is unparalleled in glory!

The second-ranked scholars, even the top three-ranked scholars, are all scholars. Since then, they have entered the upper class and enjoyed various privileges.

Now, there is no gold list title anymore, and the honor of Damingmen is no longer available. Daming conducts a unified "civilian examination" to nominate officials, but regardless of whether it is located in the capital or the provincial civil service examination, even if it is the first place in the examination , There is no longer the previous treatment.

Moreover, after the exam, of course, he was placed as a civil servant in the ministry, but without the establishment of the Imperial Academy, if you want to make further appointments, you must have a local resume.

It turned out that the forefront of the imperial examination system generally entered the Hanlin Academy and belonged to the future candidates for cabinet officials. They were very noble. Many Hanlins embarked on the through train of bachelor and bachelor to enter the cabinet, which is often faster than the journey of local officials to the central government. Much.

There is no such thing as a battle to determine the situation. It is true that the prime minister must start at the state department. All civil officials take office without having to do their own work, and the Shaoxing master is laid off!

Although Jinshi has lost its former glory, the sudden emergence of the civilian class has recruited ten times the number of people recruited!

Compared with the former Ming, Xinming has more wealth, more and more positions of civil servants, the number of recruits is ten times that of Jinshi, and it is constantly growing.

The content of the examination has also changed from pure Chinese studies to half Chinese studies and half of miscellaneous studies, including science, economics, political science, history, law, mathematics, etc., and later subdivided more majors.

In this way, the imperial examination system that began in the Sui Dynasty was changed beyond recognition, and the former Hanlin Academy became a "historical museum" for encouragement!

The reform is not only the imperial examination system, but also the reform of the army. The General Staff Headquarters of the Ming Emperor’s Army was established. The members are all professional soldiers, and they are in charge of military orders. There will be no such big flicks of civil servants in the past. , And the Ministry of War is in charge of military and political affairs, and is directly controlled by the court, not by the cabinet.

The army is divided into three levels: the regular army, the local complete army, and the militia. All the regular soldiers are provided by the imperial court. The local garrison is paid by the imperial court and the local proportionally. The militia is provided by the imperial court.

Compared with before, the court has given a lot more military expenditures, and the Gein court has developed its economy and is rich!

The great economic reform, the Ming dynasty has been in trouble for a long time and must be changed!

Da Ming craftsmanship is divided into government-run, craftsmanship, and silver substitutes. They have become craftsmen. They have been craftsmen for generations and cannot change their professions.

The government-run craftsmen originally belonged to the internal officials in the tj twenty-four yamen of the inner court. It is in charge of ten lines of wood, stone, tower, material, eastbound, westbound, paint, gunpowder, etc. All the country’s construction and internal court fees have these, as well as the workshops and workshops of the households.

The material is paid by the state, and the craftsman leads the official salary to make it.

For example, when the army needs gunpowder and muskets, where can I get them?

It’s not for the Ministry of War, but for tj. The gunpowder and musketeer supervisor is tj. Those dead tj love money most. No generals are exploited by them. The generals who give the money freely get good equipment and don’t have any money to give it. The generals of the United States were deprived of equipment and given less and worse. How else can this battle be fought!

Originally, these workshops and workshops were all in Nanjing. After Chengzu moved the capital, most of them moved to Beijing. Jiashen changed, and Nanjing workshops proliferated. There were tens of thousands of official craftsmen. At first they were in charge of tj. Later, they were handed over to the Ministry of Households. Finally, the court announced the abolition of the official workshops. In the workshop, all officials and craftsmen are released freely and listed in the civil register.

Some officials worry that the original official craftsmen will not survive without their care. In fact, the craftsmen generally live very well. Daming's infrastructure investment has allowed them to get a lot of work, and they don't have to worry about supporting themselves and their families.

Second Fu Yang Tiansheng said: "What we have to do is to give them a chance. The leader once said that we Chinese are the most industrious nation in the world. As long as they are given a chance, they will strive for the top!"

The words are right, the officials nodded one after another, even when they returned to their hometown in the country, they would plant vegetables and land, anyway, they would not be idle!

Then there are tea horses and salt methods. In the old Ming Dynasty, tea and salt were monopolized by the government, and merchants needed tea and salt to sell them. It was originally a large amount of government revenue, but afterwards, the government officials did not collect the tea tax or salt tax. The rich and powerful public sold salt tea, and the government revenue became less and less, and personal gains went into the hands of individuals.

For example, there is a famous Longjing tea in Zhejiang, and only received tea tax for less than a hundred taels of silver a year. They were all smuggled and sold. At that time, a certain Xiaoqiang who was overseas did not sell tea in partnership with local officials in Zhejiang. Never paid a tax on a copper plate to the Ming Dynasty.

After he came to power, he immediately turned his back on his face and refused to recognize anyone. He flagrantly canceled the tea and salt monopoly system and changed it to the salt tea shop to levy taxes. All the salt tea bought and sold must have an invoice...

However, tea and salt have significant benefits, reaching one-tenth of the tax, but there are also benefits. After paying the tax once, there is no need to pay it again. It is common throughout the country!

During the war, all provinces set up cards everywhere and taxed everywhere. To pay for crossing the road, to pay for crossing the bridge, or even to transport goods to Beijing, you also need to pay the city fee, that is, the lijin is not a commercial tax, the tax is paid to the country, and the lijin is used for its own use, levied excessively, and the country has no taxation. Operation, but the merchants are miserable,

There are also corvee, whether it is urban or rural people, they have to report corvee, that is, to work for the country for free, the people are miserable, so that the people are frequency-changing.

Today, Daming no longer has corvee, and instead uses money to pay for work, it has attracted a large number of people to sign up for work!

The mineral tax reform is very reasonable to levy taxes only after the products are produced into the circulation market, and it has the effect of encouraging mining and expanding production.

Land reform ~ www.wuxiaspot.com ~ Individuals who own more than 100 acres of land are taxed heavily. The key is that the society gives the people investment channels and encourages the people to develop production. At the same time, there is a steady flow of money from abroad, forming a virtuous circle.

More silver and less goods, just like Spain, caused social prices to skyrocket.

The lack of money has caused a "silver shortage" and deflation. The people hide their money, causing society to even barter for goods, causing great inconvenience.

There are also social welfare, and Daming can't do it like the Southeastern country. It encourages childbirth and all-inclusive maternity and infant expenses, but it also gives considerable subsidies. The "five-year compulsory system" for children to study is trialled.

...

One by one reforms made Daming like an old tree sprout new branches and sprouted astonishing vitality. The imperial court and the private wealth increased, achieving a win-win situation, population growth, and a prosperous market.

A college student stood up and asked, "Consult Ma Xiang, why can our reform be successful? What is the main reason?"

"That's because we have a leader!" Ma Shiying admitted!