Three Kingdoms

Guanzhong, right Fufeng.

Beautiful sun.

"Patriarch..." Another young man walked up to the patriarch timidly.

The old man is the patriarch of the Su family in Meiyang.

There was something that gave him a headache recently, especially when he saw "another" young man coming to him, "Are you going to be a soldier too?" 』

"Yes, yes..." The young man nodded repeatedly, with a look of expectation in his eyes.

"I remember you only have two brothers in your family?" Your father's legs and feet are not very convenient. If you join the army, your brothers will have to work on your family's land. Will you be able to handle it? ’ asked the patriarch.

The young man said a little cautiously: "I'm busy, I'm busy... My father said, if it doesn't work, just hire a laborer to help..."

Because of the existence of the Qinling Labor Camp, some laborers who have served longer and performed better and are about to expire will be given the option of short-term work. On the one hand, these laborers can be exposed to the outside world in advance, and on the other hand, they can Let these laborers know where they should go to earn money to support themselves after leaving the camp.

This approach was common in later generations.

This method and method may not all involve labor or criminals, but may also include some normal occupations, such as college students, or the social practice of migrant households. In fact, the intention is similar, to allow these people to leave their familiar environment and move into a strange world. There was a familiar process before, but during the actual implementation, due to various reasons, it was often not implemented.

The clan leader sighed. In the past two days, there have been no less than twenty young people who have come to him to apply for jobs. Adding in the young apprentices recruited by the Agricultural Society and the Engineering Society, the youth labor force in his village has been reduced by no less than thirty people. If this continues, let alone the current spring plowing problem, the subsequent impact of these labor shortages may be even greater...

Nowadays, the treatment of being a soldier is too good!

The clan leader thought a little depressed.

There is even settlement fee...

Five stones of millet can also be exchanged for corresponding money.

Not only is the settling-in allowance, but the military pay is also paid out for the full term, which can be kept for oneself, or transferred back to one's family by the Qingqiu's loyal servants. If you obtain meritorious service on the battlefield, you can use it to earn a title. In addition, with the military's full food and clothing package, it is no wonder that these young people are going to join the army.

"Being a soldier requires hard work and your life is in danger. You have to think carefully..." the old patriarch reminded.

The young man obviously doesn't understand the meaning of death very well, or he knows it but doesn't care too much, "It's okay, what if it really happens... the pension will be given to my father, and my brother will get a wife..."

"Okay, I'll write you a note..." The clan leader said helplessly and shook his head. Although he is not very willing for young people to become soldiers, now, this is indeed a good way, and he has no reason to stop these young people from pursuing their dreams.

……(o??▽??)o……

Fei Qian was currently in the Agricultural Society located in Youfufeng.

Originally this place was only used as a test field base for jujube, but later it expanded and occupied more and more land. Later, even the training of agricultural bachelors was placed here, and it became a place integrating academic research and practice. Comprehensive emerging small towns.

After Fei Qian and Cao Cao reached an armistice agreement, Fei Qian clearly realized that such a short period of peace building between the two sides would not last long.

As time goes by, this short-lived peace agreement will become increasingly unstable. As the differences between Shandong and Shanxi become larger and larger, conflicts will naturally increase.

Such irreconcilable political differences and conflicts will eventually lead to war.

Both Shandong and Shanxi are accumulating strength, and then at some point, they will solve the problem violently, or solve the person who caused the problem. After all, this is a fine tradition of China. From ancient times, Yanhuang violently beat up Manyou. From the beginning, the means of resolving differences include but are not limited to physically destroying the opponent.

Even if we ignore the conflicts between Shandong and Shanxi, in the long run, no matter what political system or feudal dynasty, we must maintain a certain degree of military strength, otherwise the surrounding "good neighbors" will happily come to China. Yuan Gou.

To support a sufficiently strong military force, a good economic foundation is needed.

As for why Feiqian can use less land and manpower to support more soldiers and carry out more commercial activities, most people in Shandong think it is the economic benefits brought by Feiqian's business. But in fact, many Shandong people have been deceived by Fei Qian...

Many Shandong people think that Fei Qian is a mercantilist. In fact, Fei Qian is still a physiocrat in his heart, but he has evolved from a simple physiocrat to a physiocrat who emphasizes science and technology.

Every spring, Fei Qian would come to see Zao Zhi. Accompanied by Zao Zhi, he would check out the relevant improvements and developments in agriculture, and together they would discuss the next direction of agriculture.

Compared with later generations, the agriculture of the Han Dynasty was very rough.

Fei Qian knows this very well, but for Fei Qian, he knows that there is a big gap between modern agriculture and Han agriculture. At the same time, it is not difficult for Fei Qian to tell the determinants of the gap, which are nothing more than pesticides and chemical fertilizers. , improved seeds, water conservancy, genetic modification, soil chemistry, etc...

That's right, that's all.

But it is not easy to change these "just" things.

In the current era of the Han Dynasty, many agricultural things of later generations cannot be copied.

Without him, the conditions are too bad.

In the Han Dynasty, there were only two ways to "immediately" increase food production. One was farmland irrigation, and the other was the promotion of improved seeds. Basic organic fertilizers can only be auxiliary, because the standards of fertilizers cannot be unified, and the conditions in different places are not the same, so fertilizers are not yet a decisive and important factor. As for the general-purpose fertilizers such as phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers in later generations, don't even think about it. It is impossible for the big man to make them now.

Fei Qian was also glad that he had kidnapped a Zao Zhi as an assistant in agriculture, so that Fei Qian's sporadic agricultural knowledge could be localized through Zao Zhi.

Fei Qian was a person who grew up in the environment of great division of labor in later society. Under the system of great social division of labor, Fei Qian's agricultural knowledge, and even other aspects of knowledge, were actually somewhat one-sided and discontinuous.

If future generations of Fei Qian want to grow a few vegetables, they only need to buy seeds and plant them. At most, they can understand how to identify the quality of seeds and the precautions for planting. The rest, such as how seeds are produced, Fei Qian doesn't need to know how many processes are required, and there is no need to know. However, in the Han Dynasty, without the assistance of Zao Zhi and others, Fei Qian would not have been able to transform what he knew into real productivity...

If the original agricultural system of the Han Dynasty is regarded as an ordinary iron chain, then Fei Qian’s knowledge of future generations is like golden beads. But the problem is that Fei Qian’s golden beads are all individual, which is incompatible with the original agricultural system of the Han Dynasty. .

And the person who acts as a bridge in the middle and carries out transformation is Zao Zhi.

Zao Zhi provided Fei Qian with military confidence, and it was the Southern Huns who laid some foundation stones for Fei Qian's hussar throne.

In fact, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had already touched a bit of the peak form of the feudal dynasty that year, but unfortunately, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not insist on exploring or solidifying it, and he did not solve the problems that arose in time, so he quickly fell into disrepair. It turned into two legs. Later, the feudal dynasty even chopped off the legs and nailed them to the manor. User registration and strict laws made the grassroots people forever able to make a living in a limited area. Until death, generation after generation.

Although the Southern Huns also have the word Xiongnu, they can be said to be two completely different series from the Huns they met in the early days of the Han Dynasty. The Southern Huns who prefer a stable life chose to be close to the Han people, and the Han people originally gave The attitude towards these Southern Huns is not good. On the one hand, they do not allow these Southern Huns to have more opportunities to integrate. On the other hand, they try to suppress and bully these people. They hire them but do not give them money or food...

Fei Qian now uses various means to divide and absorb these southern Huns. Although it is true that these southern Huns are not as useful as Han people in farming, their ability in animal husbandry is indeed remarkable, especially in pig breeding, which gave Fei Qian a lot of help.

After all, the descendants of Fei Qian only know how to buy pork in wet markets and supermarkets. They don’t know how many vaccines and medicines a piglet needs to take from birth to slaughter in a modern pig farm, as well as the daily disinfection in the pig pen. What is needed? How many medicines should be used, etc. Even if pigs are raised in later generations, if one person accidentally develops swine fever, a large number of them will die.

Therefore, with the help of the Southern Huns who are very skilled in animal husbandry, the large-scale, semi-free range and semi-pig farm model of animal husbandry in Feiqian Shangjun and other places was established, and it was only then that these people in the northeastern area of ​​Sanfu River in Chang'an were able to and military personnel, providing a high-fat, high-calorie food source.

Only when the right people do the right things can the entire team function properly.

As the person in charge of agriculture, Zao Zhi is undoubtedly the most suitable. Agriculture is not done by sitting in a temple and writing plans and writing articles. It is done step by step by each agricultural technician working on the land, fish ponds and orchards in a down-to-earth manner.

For an agricultural technician, you have to live close to farmland.

The entire Agricultural Society is built with the latest blue bricks produced by the brick kiln. The neat buildings exude a calm demeanor.

Among these buildings, the glass greenhouse is obviously the most conspicuous building. This product was originally just for Fei Qian to solve the problem of eating vegetables in winter. Now it has become an important place for breeding and selection because it can maintain a suitable temperature all year round.

Water drawn from the Wei River flows along the canals between farmlands.

Here not only grain crops such as crops are cultivated, but vegetables are also cultivated, as well as some economic plants, such as cotton.

There are relatively few fruit trees, which is not surprising. After all, the cultivation and selection of fruit trees has only been carried out in recent times.

In the farmland, there are dug fish ponds where carp and grass carp are raised. The scale is not large, but it is also a new beginning.

Even in the open space around the building of the Agricultural Society, there is no waste. Alfalfa is planted on both sides of the road, and grape trellises are set up in the middle of the patio...

While introducing Fei Qian, Zao Zhi complained to Fei Qian that the labor force was too small. There are some jobs that are highly repetitive and less technical, which are not suitable for bachelors of agriculture. After all, bachelors of agriculture need to improve themselves in agricultural technology, rather than spending a lot of time in the agricultural society to master field weeding.

Regarding this issue, Fei Qian could only smile bitterly. After agreeing to Zao Zhi to send more laborers, he turned the conversation to Zhuang He.

Labor is always a scarce resource. The so-called surplus labor is just that there is no place to use this labor, or there is a deliberate surplus.

Just like the so-called unemployment rate, capitalism deliberately turns a blind eye or even emphasizes it in order to ensure that there is cheap labor in the long term and to maintain a state of always oversupply of human goods. Every capitalist is very happy to yell at his employees all the time, "If you don't work hard today, you will work hard to find a job tomorrow", "If you like it, work, if you don't, get out, there are plenty of people who want to work"...

There is basically no surplus labor force here in Feiqian, because everyone in Feiqian needs people, so there is even a shortage of labor, which limits the pace of rapid development.

This time Fei Qian came to Zao Zhi mainly to see the development of legume crops and other farming techniques.

Soybean-crop rotation is not Fei Qian's initiative, but studying this rotation as a technology, and recording and developing it specifically is indeed a path that Fei Qian pointed out to Dahan Agriculture to increase the total yield per mu.

China is a traditional agricultural society, and farming technology is the core that maintains the development of the entire Chinese society. As early as ancient times, rotational farming technology had already appeared, but it was still very extensive at that time. After the arable land in an area was cultivated, in a short period of time If the fertility of the interior cannot be restored, people will migrate as a family to reclaim farmland elsewhere.

The so-called reclamation at that time was to set fire to it, then use wooden sticks to dig a few holes, throw in the seeds, pour some water, or even no water, and it was done. This farming system is also called the wasteland abandonment system or the wandering farming system, which is a predatory agricultural management method. This farming model has a long cycle, usually twenty to thirty years or even longer, and has low land utilization and weak artificial land cultivation capabilities.

The later emergence of irrigation technology and well field system, coupled with the greatly improved agricultural production tools, brought agricultural production into a new stage of tillage and hoeing during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Iron tools and ox farming also enabled the realization and development of the three-year cycle of "葑-新-she" in the Zhou Dynasty and the "Tian Lai System" or "Yitian System" in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The development of agricultural technologies such as fertilization, irrigation, weeding, and insect control has greatly increased agricultural productivity. The output of grain has brought about an increase in population, and the increase in population has also placed higher requirements on the yield per mu. Therefore, by the Han Dynasty, the "Tianlai System" or "Yitian System" gradually could not meet people's needs, and the shortages were frequent. It finally became true shifting cultivation.

If similar crops are planted continuously, on the one hand, the same crops will absorb the same types of nutrients every year, causing a certain one-sided consumption of nutrients in the soil, resulting in an imbalance of soil nutrients; on the other hand, Zhuanghe does not receive sufficient nutrients, which can easily lead to overgrown weeds and the spread of pests and diseases, ultimately leading to reduced crop yields.

Therefore, during the Western Han Dynasty, the Dai Tian method and the District Tian method became popular.

Although the district farming method is said to have higher yields and is not only applicable to flat land and mature fields, it can also be applied to slopes and wasteland. It is conducive to expanding the scope of land use and increasing the grain yield per mu. However, because this kind of farming The method has high technical requirements and consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. Therefore, after the Han Dynasty, the generation field method was still the main method, while the district field method was only used in small-scale experimental fields...

But now, Fei Qian asked Zao Zhi to use Ou Tianfa again.

The farmland in front of Fei Qian used the field farming method. In the acres of land in front of us, some young shoots of Zhuang He were exposed, and many agriculturists and laborers were busy in the fields. There are two types of field layout in the district field method, trench sowing on demand and pit sowing on demand. This time both are useful, and the manpower and material resources used are recorded, which will eventually be used as a criterion to measure whether to adopt and promote it.

In another piece of land in the distance, Fei Qian's suggestion was adopted to adopt the multiple cropping and rotation mode. That's right, now we have to see whether the district field method has higher yields, or whether the new multiple cropping rotation model is better.

Single-crop rotation is a planting method in which different crops or multiple cropping combinations are planted sequentially between seasons or years on the same field, including rotation of a single crop between years and multiple crops in a year. Crop rotation farming method.

Multiple cropping and rotational farming is a planting method in which two or more crops are planted on the same field in one year, rotating according to the year. The advantage of this model is that Zhuanghe planting is more intensive, which increases the sowing area without increasing the area of ​​acres. This is of great significance especially for areas with many people and little land, such as areas like Sanfu, Guanzhong.

This multiple cropping and rotational farming model was relatively mature during the Song Dynasty and was widely promoted by officials. Especially during the Southern Song Dynasty, it became an inevitable choice for almost all farmers.

Feiqian applied this model hundreds of years in advance to the present. In theory, it should be suitable for Dahan's current productivity level. After all, Feiqian has already developed a lot of pre-technologies related to agriculture, such as Deep plowing methods, green manure cultivation, plowing tools, etc.

It is precisely with these advanced agricultural technologies that we can have the current experimental conditions for the multiple cropping rotation system.

Otherwise, it is just a process of sifting soil and gravel, plowing the soil deeply, mixing fertilizers, etc. If there are no corresponding tools to support the reduction of labor intensity, and it is just done by manual labor, it will not last long, and it will not be conducive to promotion.

But how exactly this multiple cropping and rotational farming method works still needs to be verified by practical results.

Fei Qian and Zao Zhi were walking slowly in the field, watching the fresh and tender seedlings sprouting from the soil in the fields. When they were feeling happy, suddenly there was a noise in the farm far away. The sound came, which made Fei Qian and others look sideways...

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